Correction to "Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles: Effective Antilarvicidal and Antibacterial Agents".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01450.].

Comparative Evaluation of Bioefficiency and Photocatalytic Activity of Green Synthesized Bismuth Oxide Nanoparticles Using Three Different Leaf Extracts.

Nanotechnology has emerged as a promising method for wastewater recycling. In this line, the current study emphasizes the leaf-extract-mediated biosynthesis of bismuth oxide nanostructures (BiONPs) using three different plants, namely Coldenia procumbens Linn (Creeping Coldenia), Citrus limon (Lemon), and Murraya koenigii (Curry) through a greener approach and evaluates their biological properties as well as photocatalytic performance for the first time. As-synthesized BiONPs were physiochemically characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX). Using the well diffusion method, research on the antibacterial efficiency of BiONPs against human pathogenic Gram-positive bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis, and Gram-negative bacteria, including Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia, revealed that Gram-negative bacteria exhibited relatively strong activity. The larvicidal activity assessed against Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquito larvae reveals promising larvicidal activity with a minimal dosage of BiONPs with LC50 values of 5.53 and 19.24 ppm, respectively, after 24 h of exposure. The excellent photocatalytic activity of as-synthesized BiONPs was demonstrated through the photodegradation of malachite green (MG) and methylene blue (MB) dyes with respective degradation performance parameters of 70 and 90%. The biogenic synthetic approach reported here enables the scalable commercial synthesis of bismuth nanostructures for their widespread use in catalysis for wastewater treatment and environmental cleanup.

Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles: Effective Antilarvicidal and Antibacterial Agents.

People are vulnerable to mosquito-borne infections in tropical and subtropical climate countries. Due to resistive issues, vector control is an immediate concern in today's environment. The current study describes the synthesis of magnesium oxide by four different approaches including green, microwave, sol-gel, and hydrothermal methods. The synthesized magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) techniques. The FT-IR studies reveal the presence of functional groups in the synthesized nanoparticles. The structural and morphological studies were investigated using XRD and HRSEM. EDAX reveals the presence of Mg and O in the prepared samples. The synthesized MgO NPs were screened for antibacterial studies against Gram-positive strains, Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus, two Gram-negative cultures, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, using different concentrations. The results indicated excellent antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria at 50 mg/mL hydrothermally produced MgO nanoparticles, with a maximal zone of inhibition (ZOI) of 5 mm for S. aureus, 7 mm for E. faecalis, and 6 mm for K. pneumoniae. The ZOI of E. coli was found to be the greatest at 9 mm when 50 mg/mL sol-gel-produced MgO nanoparticles were used. The synthesized MgO nanostructures were tested against fourth-instar larvae of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, and the hydrothermally synthesized MgO nanostructures exhibited better results when compared with other methods of synthesis. The reports show that A. aegypti and A. albopictus mortality rates were reported to be the lowest with green-manufactured MgO nanoparticles (7.5 g mL-1) and the highest with hydrothermally synthesized MgO nanoparticles (120 g mL-1). The research indicates that MgO nanostructures are promising drugs for antibacterial and mosquitocidal larvae control properties.

Sunlight-assisted degradation of textile pollutants and phytotoxicity evaluation using mesoporous ZnO/g-C3N4 catalyst.

Accessibility of adequate safe and fresh water for human consumption is one of the most significant issues throughout the world and extensive research is being undertaken to resolve it. Nanotechnology is now an outstanding medium for water treatment and remediation from microorganisms and organic dyes, as compared to conventional treatment methods. For this task graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) is a potential nanomaterial for environmental remediation, but its photogenerated charge carrier recombination rate restricts its use in practical applications. Hence, in the current study, we used a simple one-step calcination method to synthesize various ratios of ZnO/g-C3N4 binary nanocomposites. The band gap of g-C3N4 is 2.70 eV, but it is shifted to 2.60 eV by the 0.75 : 1 ZnO/g-C3N4 binary nanocomposite. Moreover, phase structure, morphology, thermal stability, oxidation state, elemental analysis, and surface area were evaluated using XRD, SEM, TEM, TGA, XPS, and BET analysis. The optimal ZnO loading content was determined and the mechanism of enhanced photocatalytic activity was studied in detail. The photocatalytic efficiency of the best catalyst was employed for the degradation of textile effluent followed by phytotoxicity evaluation using methylene blue (MB), and rhodamine B (RhB) as a model substrate was tested. Furthermore, the textile effluent treatment analysis discovered that the 75 mg concentration of 0.75 : 1 ZnO/g-C3N4 catalyst degraded up to 80% within 120 min and significantly reduced the concentrations of different physico-chemical parameters of textile effluents. These treated effluents have no phytotoxic effects on fenugreek plants, according to a pot study. It was found that the mesoporous 0.75 : 1 ZnO/g-C3N4 catalyst can be used as an effective and low-cost technique for the degradation of azo dyes in textile wastewaters.

Molecular structure, spectroscopic (FT-IR, FT-Raman), NBO analysis of N,N'-diphenyl-6-piperidin-1-yl-[1,3,5]-triazine-2,4-diamine.

In the present work, we have synthesized and reported a combined experimental and theoretical study on the molecular structure, vibrational spectra and HOMO-LUMO analysis of N,N'-diphenyl-6-piperidin-1-yl-[1,3,5]-triazine-2,4-diamine (C20N6H22). The FT-IR and FT-Raman spectra of N,N'-diphenyl-6-piperidin-1-yl-[1,3,5]-triazine-2,4-diamine were recorded. The molecular geometry, harmonic vibrational wavenumbers and bonding features of the title molecule in the ground-state have been calculated by using the density functional B3LYP method with 6-31G(d) as basis set. Non-linear optical (NLO) behavior of the N,N'-diphenyl-6-piperidin-1-yl-[1,3,5]-triazine-2,4-diamine was investigated by determining the electric dipole moment µ, polarizability α, and hyperpolarizability ß using the above mentioned basis set. The molecular properties such as ionization potential, electro-negativity, chemical potential, electrophilicity have been deduced from HOMO-LUMO analysis employing the same basis set. The calculated HOMO and LUMO energies showed that charge transfer occurs within the molecule. Stability of the molecule arising from hyper conjugative interaction and charge delocalization has been analyzed using natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis. Finally, the calculation results were applied to simulate infrared and Raman spectra of the title compound which showed good agreement with the observed spectra.

Synthesis and potential cytotoxic activity of some new benzoxazoles, imidazoles, benzimidazoles and tetrazoles.

2 The present work deals with the synthesis of some novel heterocyclic compounds such as benzoxazoles , 7, 13 and 19, imidazoles 3, 8, 14 and 20, benzimidazoles 4, 9, 15 and 21, and tetrazoles 10, 16, and 22. The synthesized compounds were characterized by IR, 1H NMR, mass spectrometry and elemental analysis. The compounds were evaluated for cytotoxicity against human cancer cell lines such as MCF-7 (breast cancer) and HT-29 (colon cancer) by the MTT assay method. Among the tested compounds, 4,4'-sulfonylbis(N-(2-(1H-benzo[d]imidazol- -2-yl)ethyl)aniline (9), N-bis(2-(benzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-ethyl)- 6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine (13), N-bis(2-(1H-benzo[ d]imidazol-2-yl)ethyl)-6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine (15) and N-tris(2-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)ethyl)- 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine (21) showed potent cytotoxicity.

N-[2-(3,4-Dimeth-oxy-phen-yl)eth-yl]-N-methyl-benzene-sulfonamide.

In the title compound, C(17)H(21)NO(4)S, the phenyl and dimeth-oxy-phenyl rings are almost perpendicular to each other, making a dihedral angle of 82.57 (5)°. The structure is stabilized by inter-molecular C-H⋯O inter-actions and the packing is further enhanced by C-H ⋯π inter-actions.

N-[2-(3,4-Dimeth-oxy-phenyl)eth-yl]-N-methyl-naphthalene-1-sulfonamide.

In the title compound, C(21)H(23)NO(4)S, the dihedral angle between the naphthalene residue and the benzene ring is 7.66 (3)°. In the molecule, there are some short C-H⋯O interactions. In the crystal, the structure is stabilized by weak intra-molecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds and the crystal structure is stabilized by weak C-H⋯O, C-H⋯π and π-π [centroid-centroid distance = 3.710 (2) Å] inter-actions.

2,4-Bis(morpholin-4-yl)-6-phen-oxy-1,3,5-triazine.

In the title compound, C(17)H(21)N(5)O(3), the dihedral angle between the triazine and the phenyl ring is 80.31 (11)°. One of the morpholine rings is disordered over two orientations with site occupancies of 0.762 (10) and 0.238 (10). Both morpholine rings in the mol-ecule adopt chair conformations.

2-(4-Bromo-phen-yl)-3-(4-hy-droxy-phen-yl)-1,3-thia-zolidin-4-one.

In the title compound, C(15)H(12)BrNO(2)S, the dihedral angle between the two aromatic rings is 87.81 (8)°. The five-membered thia-zolidine ring has an envelope conformation, with the S atom displaced by 0.4545 (7) Šfrom the mean plane of the other four ring atoms. The crystal structure exhibits O-H⋯O, C-H⋯O, C-H⋯Br and C-H⋯ π inter-actions.

N-[2-(3,4-Dimeth-oxy-phen-yl)eth-yl]-N,4-dimethyl-benzene-sulfonamide.

In the title compound, C(18)H(23)NO(4)S, the dihedral angle between the two aromatic rings is 29.14 (7)°. The S atom has a distorted tetra-hedral geometry [106.15 (9)-119.54 (10)°]. The crystal structure exhibits weak C-H⋯O and π-π inter-actions.

2-Chloro-4,6-bis-(piperidin-1-yl)-1,3,5-triazine.

The title compound, C(13)H(20)ClN(5), crystallizes with two mol-ecules in the asymmetric unit. The piperidine rings in both mol-ecules adopt chair conformations. Weak π-π inter-actions [centroid-centroid distance = 3.9815 (8) Å] are observed in the crystal structure.

(E)-4-[(4-Bromo-benzyl-idene)amino]phenol.

In the title compound, C(13)H(10)BrNO, the dihedral angle between the benzene rings is 35.20 (8)°. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by O-H⋯N hydrogen bonds, forming a zigzag chain along the a axis. A weak C-H⋯π inter-action is observed between the chains.

6-Methyl-2,7-diphenyl-1,4-diazepan-5-one.

The title compound, C(18)H(20)N(2)O, crystallizes with two mol-ecules in the asymmetric unit. The seven-membered ring in both mol-ecules adopts a distorted chair conformation. The dihedral angles between the phenyl rings are 43.2 (1) and 54.7 (1)° in the two mol-ecules. The crystal packing features N-H⋯O and weak N-H⋯π and C-H⋯π inter-actions.

2,4-Dichloro-N-phenethyl-benzene-sulfonamide.

In the title compound, C(14)H(13)Cl(2)NO(2)S, the dihedral angle between the phenyl ring and the benzene ring is 69.94 (9)°. Two short intra-molecular C-H⋯O contacts occur and a weak inter-molecular C-H⋯π inter-action is seen in the crystal.

4-Bromo-3-{N-[2-(3,4-dimethoxy-phen-yl)eth-yl]-N-methyl-sulfamo-yl}-5-methyl-benzoic acid monohydrate.

In the title compound, C(19)H(22)BrNO(6)S·H(2)O, the dihedral angle between the planes of the two benzene rings is 3.1 (1)°. These rings are stacked over one another with their centroids separated by 3.769 (2) Å, indicating weak π-π inter-actions. In the crystal structure, mol-ecules are linked by O-H⋯O and O-H⋯(O,O) hydrogen bonds involving the water mol-ecule, forming a two-dimensional network parallel to (001).

N-(5-Bromo-2-chloro-benz-yl)-N-cyclo-propyl-naphthalene-2-sulfonamide.

In the title compound, C(20)H(17)BrClNO(2)S, the dihedral angle between the benzene ring and the naphthalene plane is 8.95 (8)°. The crystal packing is stabilized by weak inter-molecular C-H⋯O, C-H⋯Cl and π-π [centroid-centroid distance = 3.8782 (16) Å] inter-actions.

4-Nitro-phenyl naphthalene-1-sulfonate.

In the crystal structure of the title compound, C(16)H(11)NO(5)S, the plane of the naphthalene ring system forms a dihedral angle of 63.39 (8)° with the benzene ring. The nitro group makes a dihedral angle of 10.73 (16)° with the benzene ring. Weak intra- and inter-molecular C-H⋯O inter-actions are observed.

4-Amino-phenyl naphthalene-1-sulfonate.

In the title compound, C(16)H(13)NO(3)S, the plane of the amino-benzene ring makes a dihedral angle of 61.04 (6)° with the naphthalene ring system. Both ring systems form weak intra-molecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds with the sulfonate group. In the crystal structure, weak inter-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds and a C-H⋯π inter-action are observed.

1-Naphthyl 9H-carbazole-4-sulfonate.

In the title compound, C(22)H(15)NO(3)S, the plane of the carbazole ring system forms a dihedral angle of 65.06 (4)° with the naphthalene ring system. In the crystal structure, a weak intra-molecular C-H⋯O inter-action is observed between the naphthalene ring system and the sulfonate group. Two weak inter-molecular C-H⋯O inter-actions are also observed.