[An analysis of pelvic and para-aortic lymph node metastasis in ovarian carcinoma by systematic retroperitoneal lymph node dissection].

We performed a systematic retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) on 137 patients with primary ovarian carcinoma, of whom 97 had undergone RPLND during the primary surgery before chemotherapy and 40 had undergone RPLND during the secondary cytoreductive surgery after preoperative chemotherapy. The tentative staging of the ovarian carcinoma used in this study was determined according to the FIGO criteria without considering the pathologic findings of retroperitoneal lymph nodes. Nodal metastasis was seen in 21.9% (30/137) of them. Thirteen had positive pelvic lymph nodes (PLN) but no positive para-aortic nodes (PAN). Eleven had both positive PLN and positive PAN. Six had positive PAN but no positive PLN. The PAN was the most frequent site of metastasis (17/137). Next were the common iliac, obturator, and lateral group of deep inguinal nodes. Solitary metastasis in the patients who had undergone RPLND during the primary surgery was seen in a PAN and a common iliac node. Among 24 patients with PLN metastasis, there was a significant (p < 0.05) difference in the number of positive PLN between the patients with PAN metastasis (5.27 +/- 3.00) and the patients without PAN metastasis (2.62 +/- 1.66). These results indicate that the PAN and common iliac nodes are the most important site of nodal metastasis in ovarian carcinoma. The metastasis to PLN such as obturator node and internal iliac node seems to occur independently of the PAN metastasis, and the PAN metastasis occurs not only through the direct route but also as a consequence of extension of PLN metastases. Systematic retroperitoneal lymph node exploration therefore seems to be necessary to clarify the lymph node status.

A case of ovarian carcinoma with production of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor.

A 60-year-old female with ovarian carcinoma showed marked leucocytosis. After exploratory laparotomy she had received carboplatin-based chemotherapy, but she died of respiratory failure. In this case the immunohistochemical examination of the tumour cells showed partial-positive staining for anti-G-CSF monoclonal antibody in addition to the elevation of the serum G-CSF concentration. This case is the first report of an ovarian carcinoma producing G-CSF.

Bacterial flora of the respiratory tracts in chickens with a particular reference to Lactobacillus species.

The effects of three different types of breeding such as isolator, floor, and cage breedings on the bacterial flora of the respiratory tracts (nasal cavity, tongue, pharygolarynx, trachea and air sac) in chickens were determined. Total viable bacterial numbers on the nasal mucus of chickens in the isolator breeding as control group (Group A) aged of 14 days were 10(4.6)/g of autopsy specimen (wet weight), 10(5.7)/g of sample in the cage breeding (Group B) aged of 28 days, and 10(7.0)/g of sample in the floor breeding (Group C) aged of 28 days. Staphylococci and micrococci were predominant bacteria in the nasal cavities of all groups. Total viable numbers of tongue and pharygolarynx were from 10(5.4) to 10(6.5)/g of autopsy specimen. Lactobacilli were the predominant bacteria in pharyngolarynx of chickens. The incidence of staphylococci and micrococci in trachea was lower than those in the another regions. Staphylococci and micrococci dominated in the air sacs of two groups (B and C), but the number and incidence of lactobacilli in the air sacs of chickens were lower than those in the another respiratory tracts. The only clostridia isolation in the air sacs of Group A was observed. A total of 75 strains of Lactobacillus species was isoalted from all respiratory organs and intestine of chickens. These strains were divided into 19 groups. Lactobacillus salivearius subsp. salivarius was the predominant lactobacilli isolated from tongue and pharyngolarynx. Most of isolates from the chicken intestines were mainly identified as the L. acidophilus group and L. reuteri.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Cytologic and hormonal findings in a carcinoid tumor of the uterine cervix.

A carcinoid tumor of the cervix in a 40-year-old woman was studied by cytology, histology, electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry and hormonal analysis. The preoperative cytologic and histologic findings strongly suggested a carcinoid tumor of the cervix. The serum serotonin level was elevated; immunohistochemical studies demonstrated the presence of serotonin in the cytoplasm of the tumor cells. Following radical hysterectomy, the concentration of serotonin was measured in the excised tumor; it was about 20 times higher than the level seen in normal cervical tissue, confirming that the tumor was a serotonin-secreting carcinoid of the uterine cervix.

[Pharmacokinetic and clinical studies of cefuzonam in the field of obstetrics and gynecology].

Pharmacokinetic and clinical studies on cefuzonam (CZON) were performed to evaluate its usefulness in the field of obstetrics and gynecology. A summary of the results is as follows: 1. Concentrations of CZON in female genital organ tissues showed a little variance among organs. Mean concentrations were 3.34-7.83 micrograms/g at 40 minutes, 0.523-1.08 micrograms/g at 2 hours 15 minutes and 0.286 micrograms/g (in the myometrium) at 3 hours 10 minutes after the end of drip infusion. 2. Mean concentrations of CZON in the pelvic dead space exudate were 31.0 micrograms/ml immediately after the end of drip infusion (1 hour after the start of infusion), and 37.2 micrograms/ml 1 hour after the end of infusion, then they gradually decreased to 25.6 micrograms/ml after 3 hours and 21.4 micrograms/ml after 5 hours. Mean serum concentrations of CZON in concurrently collected samples from the peripheral vein were 30.0 micrograms/ml immediately after the end of drip infusion, 14.4 micrograms/ml after 1 hour, 4.00 micrograms/ml after 3 hours and 1.84 micrograms/ml after 5 hours. The T 1/2 beta was 1.03 hours. 3. Clinical trial in 7 patients, with CZON administered at a dose level of 1 g at a time, twice daily, showed "excellent" and "good" efficacy in all the patients. No side effects were noted. From the results of the above studies, CZON seems to be highly useful for infections in the field of obstetrics and gynecology.

Optical precision profilometer using the differential method.

A novel optical precision profilometer, which is nearly independent of vertical vibrations, is proposed. It can make simultaneous height measurements of both a measurement position and its surroundings and perform subsequent digital subtraction of the latter from the former. The noise level of this profilometer on the table with steady vibrations of 0.4 gal (1 gal = 10 (-2) m/sec(2)) is 0.05 nm root mean square. Data obtained from measurements of an optical flat and a Si wafer are included.

[Studies on As2O3-induced hyperglycemia (author's transl)].

The mechanisms of hyperglycemia induced by an oral administration of As2O3 were investigated in treated and non-treated rats. The highest level of blood sugar appeared 4 hours after an oral administration of As2O3 15 mg/kg. As2O3-induced hyperglycemia was inhibited with bilateral splanchnicotomy, adrenalectomy or adrenodemedullation. As2O3-induced hyperglycemia was accelerated with bilateral vagotomy. As2O3-induced hyperglycemia was moderately inhibited by depressing the central nervous system activity with barbital sodium. As2O3-induced hyperglycemia was not affected with ephedrine but was inhibited with nicotine, drugs which accelerate catecholamine release of the adrenals. Pretreatment with hexamethonium, torazoline, propranolol or atropine which obstruct the release of catecholamine in adrenals inhibited Aw2O3-induced hyperglycemia. Hepatic glycogen levels decreased 2 hours after As2O3 15 mg/kg administration and returned to normal levels in about 24 hours. These findings indicate that As2O3-induced hyperglycemia was not the result of direct effects of As2O3 on the adrenal but rather was due to effects on the central nervous system.