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1.
Vopr Pitan ; 90(4): 94-102, 2021.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34538039

RESUMO

High food intake of sodium chloride is associated with damage not only the cardiovascular system, but also the kidneys. The mechanisms of the potential negative effects of high-salt diets on the kidneys have not been established. The aim of the study was to trace the changes in relative expression of miRNA-21, 203 and 133 in urine of cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis) fed high-salt diet with and without isolated soy proteins. Material and methods. The object of the study was 18 male cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis) aged 6-8 years with a body weight of 5.1-9.7 kg. The animals were divided in 3 groups (6 individuals each). The animals of the first (control) group received a standard diet (2 g NaCl/kg feed). The animals of the second group were fed high-salt diet (8 g NaCl/kg feed), of the third - high-salt diet combined with SUPRO 760 isolated soy protein (200 g/kg feed; instead of milk and egg proteins, corn gluten). Access to water was free. The follow-up period in this study was 4 months. In animals blood pressure (BP) and relative level of microRNA (miRNA) expression in urine were measured. Results and discussion. Keeping monkeys on the studied diets for 4 months did not lead to significant changes in systolic or diastolic BP compared with the initial level. In the control group, there were no distinct changes in the expression of miRNA-21 in urine during observation. In the other two groups, there was a significant increase (approximately equally) of this parameter in comparison with the initial values. Both high-salt diets resulted in a significant increase in the relative level of expression of miRNA-133 and miRNA-203 in urine compared to basal values. However, the increase in these parameters in the group of animals fed a high-salt diet in combination with soy isolate was significantly less than in monkeys fed only a high-salt diet. Conclusion. Possible, potentially negative effects of high-salt diets on kidney may be mediated by epigenomic mechanisms and partially modulated by the inclusion of isolated soy proteins in the diet.


Assuntos
MicroRNAs , Cloreto de Sódio na Dieta/administração & dosagem , Proteínas de Soja , Animais , Dieta , Macaca fascicularis , Masculino , MicroRNAs/urina , Proteínas de Soja/administração & dosagem
2.
Adv Gerontol ; 32(4): 614-626, 2019.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31800192

RESUMO

Aging causes significant changes in the kidneys. One of the most important manifestations of an aging kidney is a reduction in glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Unfortunately, there is no generally accepted, adequate method for evaluating GFR in the elderly. The perspectivies of the relatively new approaches (BIS1, BIS2, FAS) are not clear and doubtful. The feasibility of standardization of GFR values by body surface area among of the older persons has not been determined. Possible that the diagnosis setting «chronic kidney disease¼ in elderly solely on the base of GFR decline may be an inadequate approach and promote a kind of «nephrological ageism¼.


Assuntos
Envelhecimento , Taxa de Filtração Glomerular , Rim , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Humanos , Rim/metabolismo , Rim/patologia , Testes de Função Renal/normas , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/diagnóstico
3.
Ter Arkh ; 90(6): 41-47, 2018 Jun 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30701903

RESUMO

AIM: To assess the significance of the serum uromodulin (Tamm-Horsfall protein - THP) concentration (Sumo) as an early biomarker of tubular atrophy (TA) and interstitial renal fibrosis (IF) in patients with glomerulopathies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 84 patients with glomerulopathy and 11 practically healthy persons (control) were examined. Uromodulin concentrations in serum and urine (Uumo) were measured, renal excretion of this protein and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were established. A semi-quantitative assessment of nephrobioptates was performed. RESULTS: Sumo decreases with a minimum expression of tubular atrophy (TA) or interstitial fibrosis (IF), when the values of eGFR still remain normal. Variations of such excretory parameters of THP as Uumo, daily excretion, and ratio: urinary uromodulin / urinary creatinine, did not manifest a similar trend. CONCLUSION: Sumo is promising as an early biomarker of fibrotic and atrophic renal damage. The parameters of renal excretion of THP do not seem to have this property. The reason for the delay in the decline of Uumo in the progression of CKD as compared to the decrease in Sumo seems to be the need to maintain a sufficient Uumo to counteract urinary tract infection and stone formation.


Assuntos
Biomarcadores , Glomerulonefrite Membranosa , Uromodulina , Atrofia , Biomarcadores/sangue , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Glomerulonefrite Membranosa/sangue , Glomerulonefrite Membranosa/diagnóstico , Humanos , Uromodulina/sangue
4.
Ter Arkh ; 87(11): 123-133, 2015.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26821430

RESUMO

The paper discusses the pathogenesis of urinary tract infections, the mechanisms of resistance in their pathogens to antimicrobials and uroseptics, and approaches to defining patient management tactics.


Assuntos
Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana , Infecções Urinárias , Humanos , Infecções Urinárias/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções Urinárias/etiologia , Infecções Urinárias/microbiologia
5.
Bull Exp Biol Med ; 145(6): 714-6, 2008 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19110558

RESUMO

Chronic renal failure was modeled in rats by partial nephrectomy. Blood pressure, heart rate, concentrations of aldosterone, urea, creatinine, electrolytes, and protein, index of hypertrophy of visceral organs, and 24-h diuresis were evaluated. In rats treated with spironolactone, the index of myocardial hypertrophy did not considerably differ from that in sham-operated animals, whereas in untreated rats the test parameters considerably differ from the control. We concluded that the blockade of aldosterone receptors with spironolactone produced a cardioprotective effect in Wistar rats with subtotal nephrectomy.


Assuntos
Hipertrofia Ventricular Esquerda/prevenção & controle , Espironolactona/farmacologia , Uremia/tratamento farmacológico , Aldosterona/metabolismo , Animais , Creatinina/metabolismo , Eletrólitos/metabolismo , Hipertrofia Ventricular Esquerda/metabolismo , Falência Renal Crônica/tratamento farmacológico , Falência Renal Crônica/metabolismo , Antagonistas de Receptores de Mineralocorticoides/farmacologia , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Ureia/metabolismo , Uremia/metabolismo
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