Reconstruction of the Rat Sciatic Nerve by Using Biodegradable and Non-Biodegradable Conduits.

The aim of the study was to compare two types of conduits made of either non-resorbable Reperen or resorbable Tissucol for their effects on the regeneration of the rat sciatic nerve under conditions of stump diastasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The experiments were carried out using outbred white male rats of the reproductive age (n=14). The animals were divided into three groups: group 1, intact (n=5), used for studying the morphology of the sciatic nerve; group 2 (n=4) - nerve plastic surgery was performed using a conduit made of non-resorbable Reperen; group 3 (n=5) - surgery was performed using a conduit made of resorbable Tissucol. The animals were anesthetized with isoflurane. After a complete transection of the sciatic nerve in the middle third of the thigh, its stumps were inserted into a conduit of an internal diameter of 2 mm and a length of 10 mm, filled with saline. Diastasis of 5 mm in length was created by spreading the nerve ends and securing the epineurium to the tube edges with 8/0 polypropylene sutures. A total count of myelinated nerve fibers was performed in the area of repair (tubulation) and the distal part of the nerve; the formation of connective tissue sheaths was assessed 14 weeks after the operation. RESULTS: According to the morphological assessment, both types of conduits (resorbable and non-resorbable) caused the similar number of fibers to restore in the distal part of the repaired nerve; clinical characteristics of the animals in both groups were close to each other and to the norm. CONCLUSION: The results allow us to consider the conduit made of non-resorbable Reperen as a device promising for neuroplasty along with the resorbable conduit made of Tissucol.

Broad-beam plasma-cathode electron beam source based on a cathodic arc for beam generation over a wide pulse-width range.

We describe the design, parameters, and characteristics of a modified wide-aperture, plasma-cathode electron beam source operating in the pressure range of 3 Pa-30 Pa and generating large-radius, low-energy (up to 10 keV) electron beams with a pulse width varying from 0.05 ms to 20 ms and a beam current up to several tens of amperes. A pulsed cathodic arc is used to generate the emission plasma, and a DC accelerating voltage is used to form the electron beam. Modernization of the design and optimization of the operating conditions of the electron source have provided a multiple increase in the pulse duration of the electron beam current and the corresponding increase in the beam energy per pulse, as compared to previously developed pulsed forevacuum electron sources.

[A MODERN APPROACH TO THE TREATMENT OF DIABETIC POLYNEUROPATHY].

In this paper, the authors conducted research on the application of a new drug for the treatment of diabetic polyneuropathy in patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 and 2. Established an effective influence on the hemodynamic, metabolic, biochemical parameters, improved sensory-motor conduction in nerve fibers. Recommended for widespread use in patients with diabetes mellitus.

[Immediate implantation after extraction of teeth with chronic apical periodontitis].

The authors introduced an original method of intraoperative ozone and postoperative millimeter wave therapy which the short-term and long-term results of clinical, radiological, microbiological and immunological studies proved to enhance efficiency of immediate implantation in preliminary infected areas.

[Criteries of the regeneration intensity in bone jaw's tissue during treatment of inflammatory destructive processes].

Study of some biochemical parameters of oral fluid in patients with periapical jaws' inflammatory destructive processes in the process of operative treatment was conducted. It was established that dynamics of these indicators could be indirect criterion of permissive value of activity and completeness of bone tissue reparative regeneration processes. Advantage of the method is in its small invasiveness.

[Efficiency of lymphotropic intermittent chemotherapy in the complex treatment of patients with progressive pulmonary tuberculosis].

The study has established that during a progressive tuberculous process, immunological changes appear as significant increased proinflammatory cytokine production that leads to progressive destructive processes in the lung parenchymal lesion areas. Inclusion of lymphotrophic chemoimmunotherapy with roncoleukin into the complex therapy of patients with progressive pulmonary tuberculosis permits the optimization of the results of treatment in patients with progressive pulmonary tuberculosis due to the target delivery of antituberculous and immunoactive agents.

[Changes in the patients' mental status in the tolerability of antituberculous drugs].

The impact of disease and treatment on the mental status of patients with infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis was studied. The study included 39 patients, chemotherapy in whom was complicated by the development of adverse reactions and 33 patients who had no adverse reactions. In new cases of tuberculosis, anxiety and personality disorders before chemotherapy were ascertained to be a response to first diagnosed tuberculosis and forced long-term in the inpatient setting. The development of adverse reactions caused by antituberculous agents during therapy was accompanied by impairments in psychological adaptation processes, the preservation and worsening of anxiety and personality disorders, which determines it necessary to include additional drug and psychotherapeutic correction methods into a package of therapeutic measures in tuberculosis.

[Study of chitin-glucan complexes from the soil micromycete Cephaliophora tropica D3].

We studied chitin-glucan complexes from the soil micromycete Cephaliophora tropica D3. The yield and purity of chitin-glucan complexes depended on the medium used for micromycete culturing and the method of mycelium disintegration. Disintegration with liquid nitrogen allowed us to obtain preparations of chitin-glucan complexes with a low content of proteins and a high yield of chitosan (per dry fungal biomass unit weight).

[Experimental modeling of jaw bones for dental implantation].

As the result of morphometric study the structural correspondence of the cortical layer and cells' volume surface between jaw segments and some osseous skeletal structures was found. These pairs included zones of lower incisors and parietal bone, zones of upper incisors/lower premolars and ribbon, zones of upper premolars/lower molars and huckle-bone crest, zones of upper molars and handle and body of sternum. Received data let us use the above mentioned osseous objects as the model for experimental studies on jaw bones.

[Physiological and biochemical properties of the bacterial association of Klebsiella terrigena E6 and Bacillus firmus E3].

Physiological and biochemical properties of the natural rhizospheric association of Klebsiella terrigena E6 and Bacillusfirmus E3 were studied. It was demonstrated that this association fixed actively molecular nitrogen at a rate of 110 nmol ethylene per 1 mg protein per h. The dynamics of bacterial population in the association and in pure cultures were studied. The properties of this association depended on the ratio of its components; the maximal nitrogen fixation was recorded at a content of B. firmus E310 amounting to 15% of the total cell number. It was demonstrated that the stability basis of this association was the specific interactions via its components via metabolites--phenol and para-hydroxybenzoic acid--as well as via nitrogen fixation, respiration, and pH of the medium. A scheme of the interactions between the components of association is shown.

[Stem cells and regeneration of human myocardium].

A concept of impossibility of appearance of novel cardiomyocytes in the heart of adult men in exchange for those lost due to cardiovascular diseases had dominated medicine and biology for many long decades. However ability of human myocardium to regenerate was demonstrated during recent years in multiple studies. This dictated necessity to reconsider previously generally accepted concept. At present researchers and practicing physicians actively discuss possibility of the use of transplantation of bone marrow stem cells, proper cardiac stem cells, skeletal muscle myoblasts or precursors of endothelial cells in patients with myocardial infarction and heart failure in order to restore normal cardiac structure and function. Another potential method of restoration of the myocardium in patients with cardiovascular diseases is the use of cytokines which stimulate migration of stem cells into myocardium and their differentiation into cardiomyocytes.

[Solid tumors of internal female reproductive organs: comparison of the diagnostic efficiency of ultrasound study and magnetic resonance tomography].

Comparison of the diagnostic importance of traditional US and low-field MRI (0,23 T) in the characterization of solid tumors of internal reproductive system at 55 patients is performed by calculation of operational characteristics of tests and use of characteristic curves (ROC-analysis). Advantage MRI in distinguishing between of benign and malignant tumors (accuracy of 82% against 71% at ultrasonic) is established. Advantage is based on use, besides morphological criteria of a tumor, the characteristic of its MR-signal in T2-weight imaging. Advantage MRI in determination of the organ of origin of pelvic mass appeared insignificant.

[The selection of the territories for conducting epidemiological research on the prevalence of skin and venereal diseases]. / Otbor territorii dlia provedeniia épidemiologicheskikh issledovanii rasprostranennosti kozhnykh i venericheskikh zabolevanii.

The results of studies aimed at the formation of representative territories at republics, regions, and cities for the epidemiologic surveys are analyzed. The representative areas that were singled out in these studies are recommended to be used for research in dermatology and venereology, aimed at the population health fortification.

[Determination of the required volume of a sampling population in scientific and practical research]. / Opredelenie potrebnogo ob''ema vyborochnoi sovokupnosti v nauchno-prakticheskikh issledovaniiakh.

Three stages in the determination of the sampling population volume are described. The significance of a correct definition of the confidence interval is stressed, as well as the adjustment of the calculated values of the sampling population volume during the investigation.