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1.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg ; 115(4): 315-319, 2021 04 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33580966

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Mycetoma is a chronic, progressive and destructive inflammatory disease that affects the skin, subcutaneous and other tissues. The objective of this study was to identify all cases of mycetoma diagnosed in three health facilities in Nouakchott, Mauritania during 2016-2018. METHODS: This retrospective hospital-based study was conducted at the Dermatology, Orthopedics, Mycology and Pathology departments of the National Hospital Center of Nouakchott, the Military Hospital of Nouakchott and the National Institute for Research in Public Health of Nouakchott. RESULTS: Eighty-seven patients were included in this study. They comprised 65 male patients (74.71%) and 22 females (25.28%) with a gender ratio of 4:1. The mean age was 41.87 y and ages ranged from 14 to 70 y. The most common age group was 40-45 y (11%). The foot was the most frequently affected site seen in 60 patients (69%), followed by ankle and hand with 6 patients each (7%). In the study, 56 patients (64%) had regional lymphadenopathy. Forty-nine patients (56%) had bone involvement. Thirty-two patients (37%) had medical treatment. Twenty-seven patients (87%) received fluconazole and four patients (13%) had co-trimoxazole treatment. CONCLUSION: The mycetoma patients seen in these three centres were mainly male farmers from rural areas. The lesions were seen mainly in the lower limbs and the majority had bone involvement radiologically.


Assuntos
Micetoma , Adulto , Feminino , Instalações de Saúde , Hospitais , Humanos , Masculino , Mauritânia/epidemiologia , Micetoma/diagnóstico , Micetoma/tratamento farmacológico , Micetoma/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos
2.
Tunis Med ; 99(12): 1126-1133, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35288918

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Scalp Tinea is the most common mycosis in children and adolescents. The objective of this work was to determine the epidemiological and etiological profile of Scalp Tinea in schoolchildren in Mauritania, during the year 2019. METHODS: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study lasting four months, from May to September 2019, in a sample of schoolchildren from Nouakchott, included following a random survey at three levels, having benefited from a clinical examination, mycological and culture samples. RESULTS: A total of 228 children out of the 434 included (52,5%) were detected as carriers of Scalp Tinea, after fungal culture, i.e. rates of 54% in boys and 46% in girls. The most affected age group was 9-12 years (49%). Public schools were the most affected (37,7%), followed by private schools (32%) and traditional schools (30,3%), (p<0,05). Trichophyton sudanense represented 23,5% (n=102) followed by Trichophyton rubrum (15,4%, n=67) and Microsporum langeronii 8,1% (n=35). The type of habitat, the humidity of the environment and walking with bare feet did not significantly influence the presence of ringworms, unlike overcrowding (sleeping with more than two people). The prevalence of scalp ringworms increased from 1,3% for children sleeping on single beds to 22,8% in children sharing their beds and to 75,9% in students sleeping together on the same bed (p˂0,05). CONCLUSION: The results of this survey, conducted in 2019, confirmed the changes in the epidemiological and ecological trend of the mycological profile of Scalp Tinea, in Mauritania. It is necessary to strengthen these results with the molecular characterization of fungal strains circulating in our country.


Assuntos
Couro Cabeludo , Tinha do Couro Cabeludo , Adolescente , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Mauritânia/epidemiologia , Instituições Acadêmicas , Tinha do Couro Cabeludo/diagnóstico , Tinha do Couro Cabeludo/epidemiologia , Tinha do Couro Cabeludo/microbiologia
3.
Mali Med ; 36(4): 65-69, 2021.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38200721

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Erysipelas is an acute non-necrotizing dermohypoderma of bacterial origin, mainly due to streptococcus. Its elective topography is the leg, it is a frequent reason for consultation and hospitalization in medicine. This is a potentially serious medical emergency that can be life threatening. Our study aims to determine the epidemiological and clinical characteristics, as well as the risk and prognosis factors of erysipelas in Mauritania. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was a cross-sectional descriptive observational study from January 01, 2016 to July 30, 2017. The study population was represented by patients seen for an acute inflammatory placard, hot, painful and feverish. RESULTS: In the 61 patients, the mean age was 40 years with extremes of 1 and 73 years. A female predominance was observed. The locations were one-sided. In 93.4% of cases, erysipelas was found in the lower limbs. Satellite lymphadenopathy was present in 40 patients, ie 66% of cases. A fever greater than or equal to 38 ° C was observed in 87% of cases, it was associated with chills 10% of cases. Local risk factors are represented by a traumatic wound, acute eczema and intertrigo inter toe. General factors are obesity, taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and artificial depigmentation. The outcome of our patients is favorable in 95% of cases on antibiotics. 9 patients presented with abscess during the course, ie 15%. CONCLUSION: In our study, erysipelas was observed mainly in a young housewife in her forties. Clinically, the preferred location was that of the leg found in 93.4%. Several risk factors are associated with erysipelas in our study.


INTRODUCTION: L'érysipèle est une dermohypodermite aiguë non nécrosante d'origine bactérienne, essentiellement due au streptocoque.Sa topographie élective est la jambe, il constitue un motif fréquent de consultation et d'hospitalisation en médecine. Il s'agit d'une urgence médicale, potentiellement grave pouvant engager le pronostic fonctionnel et vital. Notre étude a pour objectif de déterminer les caractéristiques épidémiologiques, cliniques, ainsi que les facteurs de risque et pronostic de l'érysipèle en Mauritanie. PATIENTS ET MÉTHODES: Il s'agissait d'une étude observationnelle descriptive transversale du 01 Janvier 2016 jusqu'au 30 Juillet 2017. La population d'étude était représentée par les patients consultant pour un placard inflammatoire aigu, chaud, douloureux et fébrile. RÉSULTATS: Chez les 61 patients recrutés, l'âge moyen était de40 ans avec des extrêmes de 1 et 73 ans. Une prédominance féminine était observée. Les localisations étaient unilatérales. Dans 93,4% des cas, l'érysipèle siégeait aux membres inférieurs. Une adénopathie satellite était présente chez 40 patients soit 66% des cas. Une fièvre supérieure ou égale à 38°c était observée dans 87% des cas, elle était associée à des frissons 10% des cas. Les facteurs de risque locaux sont représentés par une plaie traumatique, un eczéma aigu et un intertrigo inter orteil. Les facteurs généraux sont l'obésité, la prise d'anti-inflammatoires non stéroïdiens et la dépigmentation artificielle. L'évolution de nos patients est favorable dans 95% des cas sous antibiotiques. 9 patients présentaient une abcédation au cours de l'évolution soit 15%. CONCLUSION: Dans notre étude, l'érysipèle est observé surtout chez une jeune femme au foyer de la quarantaine. Sur le plan clinque, la localisation préférentielle était celle de la jambe retrouvée dans 93,4%. Plusieurs facteurs de risque sont associés à l'érysipèle dans notre étude.

4.
Mali Med ; 34(2): 12-17, 2019.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35897233

RESUMO

Many cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis are observed during hospital consultations in Nouakchott. The objective of our study is to collect all cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Nouakchott and to study its epidemiological and clinico-biological characteristics. METHOD: This is a prospective multicenter descriptive study conducted in two specialized hospital departments in Nouakchott from September 1st, 2016 to the end of October 2017. All patients with suspicious lesions of cutaneous leishmaniasis during this period were selected. Parasitological skin sampling, PCR and histology have been performed to patients. RESULTS: Twenty one out of 9000 patients were diagnosed during the study period, with an average age of 23 years (ranging from 3 to 70 years). A male predominance was noted with a sex ratio of 2/1. The most frequent locations are the discovered parts of the body (the 4 members). The ulcero-crusty form is encountered in 2/3 of the cases. L. major is more frequently identified (61.9%) followed by L infantum in 23.8% of cases. Meglume Antimoniate was administered intralesionally in 57.1% of patients. In Nouakchott, cutaneous leishmaniasis is not uncommon. The cases observed are related to an origin or a stay in the southern regions.


De nombreux cas de leishmaniose cutanée sont observés lors des consultations hospitalières à Nouakchott. L'objectif de notre étude est de recueillir tous les cas de leishmanioses cutanées à Nouakchott et d'en étudier les caractéristiques épidémiologiques et clinico-biologiques. MÉTHODE: Il s'agit d'une étude multicentrique descriptive prospective réalisée dans 2 services hospitaliers spécialisés de Nouakchott du 1er septembre 2016 à la fin du mois d'octobre 2017. Tous les patients présentant des lésions suspectes de leishmaniose cutanée durant cette période ont été retenus. Un prélèvement cutané à visée parasitologique, une PCR et une histologie ont été effectués aux patients. RÉSULTATS: Vingt et un patients sur 9000 consultants ont été diagnostiqués durant la période d'étude, avec un âge moyen de 23 ans (variant de 3 à 70 ans). Une prédominance masculine a été notée avec un sexe ratio de 2/1. Les localisations les plus fréquentes sont les parties découvertes du corps (les 4 membres). La forme ulcéro-crouteuse est rencontrée dans 2/3 des cas. L. major est plus fréquemment identifiée (61,9 %) suivi de L infantum dans 23,8% des cas. L'Antimoniate de Meglume a été administré par voie intralésionnelle chez 57,1% des patients. A Nouakchott, la Leishmaniose cutanée n'est pas rare. Les cas observés sont liés à une origine ou un séjour dans les régions du Sud.

5.
Mali méd. (En ligne) ; 34(2): 12-17, 2019. ilus
Artigo em Francês | AIM (África) | ID: biblio-1265738

RESUMO

De nombreux cas de leishmaniose cutanée sont observés lors des consultations hospitalières à Nouakchott. L'objectif de notre étude est de recueillir tous les cas de leishmanioses cutanées à Nouakchott et d'en étudier les caractéristiques épidémiologiques et clinico-biologiques. Méthode : Il s'agit d'une étude multicentrique descriptive prospective réalisée dans 2 services hospitaliers spécialisés de Nouakchott du 1er septembre 2016 à la fin du mois d'octobre 2017. Tous les patients présentant des lésions suspectes de leishmaniose cutanée durant cette période ont été retenus. Un prélèvement cutané à visée parasitologique, une PCR et une histologie ont été effectués aux patients. Résultats : Vingt et un patients sur 9000 consultants ont été diagnostiqués durant la période d'étude, avec un âge moyen de 23 ans (variant de 3 à 70 ans). Une prédominance masculine a été notée avec un sexe ratio de 2/1. Les localisations les plus fréquentes sont les parties découvertes du corps (les 4 membres). La forme ulcéro-crouteuse est rencontrée dans 2/3 des cas. L. major est plus fréquemment identifiée (61,9 %) suivi de L infantum dans 23,8% des cas. L'Antimoniate de Meglume a été administré par voie intralésionnelle chez 57,1% des patients. A Nouakchott, la Leishmaniose cutanée n'est pas rare. Les cas observés sont liés à une origine ou un séjour dans les régions du Sud


Assuntos
Leishmaniose Cutânea , Leishmaniose Cutânea/diagnóstico , Leishmaniose Cutânea/epidemiologia
6.
Mali Med ; 30(1): 38-42, 2015.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29927157

RESUMO

In order to study the complications of artificial depigmentation (AD) in Mauritania, we conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study among women in the Dermatology Department of Nouakchott national hospital from July to September 2012. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of complications of AD. Of the 394 patients who consulted during the study period, we identified 164 users of depigmentation products. The average age of users of AD is 30.38 years, ranging from 13 to 70 years. The levels of study are most represented 40.2% in the primary and secondary in 41.5%. The majority of users are of the white Moorish ethnic group (34.8%) followed by the Fulani ethnic group (26.8%). 56% of patients were married, 24% were single. 52% of married patients say their spouses disapprove of this practice. 49.4% of patients are undergo artificial depigmentation to be beautiful. 96.3% of these users had one or more complications. Complications noted during this study are dermatophytes (30.5%), superficial or deep folliculitis (7.9%), bacterial dermohipodermitis (erysipelas: 2.4%), exogenous ochronosis (26. 2%), black spots (83.5%). The women's main motivation is aesthetic (49.4%). Among users, 73.8% know the side effects without this discouraging this practice. Most often these side effects do not motivate a consultation and are well tolerated by patients who accept them as ransom AD. Despite the high prevalence of light-skinned subjects, in Mauritania artificial depigmentation remains a common practice.


Dans le but d'étudier les complications de la DA en Mauritanie, nous avons mené une enquête transversale descriptive chez les femmes consultant dans le service de Dermatologie du CHN de Nouakchott de Juillet à Septembre 2012. L'objectif de l'étude était de déterminer la prévalence des complications de la DA. Sur les 394 malades ayant consulté durant la période d'étude, nous avons recensé 164 utilisatrices de produits dépigmentant. L'âge moyen des utilisatrices de DA est de 30,38 ans avec des extrêmes de 13 et 70 ans. Les niveaux d'étude les plus représentés sont le primaire dans 40,2% et le secondaire dans 41,5%. La majorité des utilisatrices sont de l'ethnie maure blanc dans 34,8% suivi de l'ethnie pulaar dans 26,8%. 56% des patientes sont mariées suivi des célibataires dans 24%. 52% des patientes mariées affirment que leurs conjoints désapprouvent cette pratique. 49,4% des patientes s'adonnent à la DA pour être belle. 96,3% de ces utilisatrices avaient une ou plusieurs complications. Les complications notées lors de cette étude sont à type de dermatophyties (30,5%), de folliculites superficielles ou profondes (7,9%), de dermohypodermites bactériennes (érysipèle : 2,4%), d'ochronose exogène (26,2%), de taches noires (83,5%. La principale motivation est esthétique (49,4%). Parmi les utilisatrices, 73,8% connaissent les effets secondaires sans que cela ne les dissuadent de cette pratique. Le plus souvent ces effets secondaires ne motivent pas une consultation et sont bien supportés par les patients qui les acceptent en tant que rançon de la DA. Malgré la prévalence élevée de sujets à peau claire en Mauritanie la DA reste une pratique courante.

7.
Mali méd. (En ligne) ; 30(1): 38-42, 2015.
Artigo em Francês | AIM (África) | ID: biblio-1265688

RESUMO

Dans le but d'etudier les complications de la DA en Mauritanie; nous avons mene une enquete transversale descriptive chez les femmes consultant dans le service de Dermatologie du CHN de Nouakchott de Juillet a Septembre 2012. L'objectif de l'etude etait de determiner la prevalence des complications de la DA. Sur les 394 malades ayant consulte durant la periode d'etude; nous avons recense 164 utilisatrices de produits depigmentant. L'age moyen des utilisatrices de DA est de 30;38 ans avec des extremes de 13 et 70 ans. Les niveaux d'etude les plus representes sont le primaire dans 40;2 et le secondaire dans 41;5. La majorite des utilisatrices sont de l'ethnie maure blanc dans 34;8suivi de l'ethnie pulaar dans 26;8. 56 des patientes sont mariees suivi des celibataires dans 24. 52 des patientes mariees affirment que leurs conjoints desapprouvent cette pratique. 49;4 des patientes s'adonnent a la DA pour etre belle. 96;3 de ces utilisatrices avaient une ou plusieurs complications. Les complications notees lors de cette etude sont a type de dermatophyties (30;5); de folliculites superficielles ou profondes (7;9); de dermohypodermites bacteriennes (erysipele : 2;4); d'ochronose exogene (26;2); de taches noires (83;5. La principale motivation est esthetique (49;4). Parmi les utilisatrices; 73;8 connaissent les effets secondaires sans que cela ne les dissuadent de cette pratique. Le plus souvent ces effets secondaires ne motivent pas une consultation et sont bien supportes par les patients qui les acceptent en tan t que rancon de la DA. Malgre la prevalence elevee de sujets a peau claire en Mauritanie la DA reste une pratique courante


Assuntos
Corticosteroides , Hiperpigmentação , Preparações Clareadoras de Pele/efeitos adversos , Preparações Clareadoras de Pele/toxicidade , Mulheres
8.
J Agric Food Chem ; 62(40): 9841-7, 2014 Oct 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25213754

RESUMO

Fruits contain polyphenols, widespread antioxidants beneficial for human health. Their mass transfer was studied during the leaching of apple slices immersed in mannitol solutions with ranging concentrations (0, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6 M). The solution of Fick's law for unsteady mass transfer in planar configuration was used to calculate apparent diffusivity (De). Polyphenols were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography for each immersion time. Leaching from raw apple tissues occurred only when cell integrity was lost, here at a certain level of difference in osmotic pressure. Different diffusivity values were found in the two apple varieties. Values of De either decreased from 0.2 to 0.1 × 10(-9) and 0.2 × 10(-9) m(2) s(-1) for Golden Delicious and Granny Smith, respectively, or were not determined when the mannitol concentration increased from 0 to 0.6 M. The osmotic strength of the solution strongly impacted the leaching rate of polyphenols from apple cells. The structure of the polyphenols also affected De, with low values for procyanidins.


Assuntos
Malus/química , Polifenóis/química , Carboidratos/análise , Carboidratos/química , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão/métodos , Ácidos Cumáricos/química , Difusão , Flavonoides/química , Cinética , Manitol/química , Pressão Osmótica , Polifenóis/análise , Proantocianidinas/química , Soluções
9.
Bull Soc Pathol Exot ; 104(5): 374-7, 2011 Dec.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21184292

RESUMO

This work presents the results of the behavioural and serologic survey on HIV/AIDS conducted from December 2007 to December 2008 among the group of STD (sexually transmitted disease) patients, supposed to be at HIV infection risk. In Mauritania, the last survey of HIV seroprevalence among the STD patients goes up to the year 1995 (the prevalence was estimated then to be 0.9%). The goal was to determine the seroprevalence of HIV and syphilis and to gather information on the knowledge, the sexual behaviours on a risk concerning the HIV/AIDS, and the sexually transmitted disease among these patients. The census has been made on over 224 STD patients during the period of the study, without predominance of sex and with a majority of young adults. The prevalence for HIV is 9% and for the syphilis it is 10%. Actually, the condom is widely underused by this group, even in occasional intercourse. The STD patients are a group of risk towards HIV, because of their risk behaviours and low level of knowledge.


Assuntos
Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Soroprevalência de HIV , HIV-1 , Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Cidades/epidemiologia , Preservativos/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Infecções por HIV/sangue , HIV-1/fisiologia , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Entrevistas como Assunto , Masculino , Mauritânia/epidemiologia , Comportamento Sexual/fisiologia , Comportamento Sexual/estatística & dados numéricos , Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis/sangue , Adulto Jovem
10.
Health Educ Res ; 25(3): 438-50, 2010 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19841040

RESUMO

This study examined a prediction model that integrated three categories of predictors likely to influence adoption of the Quebec Healthy Schools (HS) approach, i.e. attributes of the approach, individual and contextual characteristics. HS receptivity was considered as a potential mediator. For this study, 141 respondents representing 96 schools participated in a postal survey. We used bivariate logistic regression to assess factors associated with HS adoption and Baron and Kenny's method to test the mediation effect of HS receptivity. Four predictors related to school organizational characteristics had more weight in influencing the adoption of HS: the 'presence of leaders within schools', 'perceived school contextual barriers', 'school investment in healthy lifestyles' and 'beliefs in collective efficacy'. The influence of the latter two predictors was not direct but mediated by HS receptivity. Our findings showed that standard attributes generally considered as predictors of the adoption of an innovation are not the strongest determinants to explain HS adoption in the present context. The results shed light on the crucial role of organizational context in the adoption of this type of approach.


Assuntos
Promoção da Saúde/organização & administração , Serviços de Saúde Escolar/organização & administração , Atitude Frente a Saúde , Estudos Transversais , Docentes , Previsões/métodos , Promoção da Saúde/normas , Promoção da Saúde/tendências , Humanos , Estilo de Vida , Modelos Logísticos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Obesidade/prevenção & controle , Cultura Organizacional , Inovação Organizacional , Quebeque , Serviços de Saúde Escolar/normas , Serviços de Saúde Escolar/tendências
11.
Mali Med ; 22(1): 22-5, 2007.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19617109

RESUMO

The goal of our study was to report cutaneous side effects of anti retroviral drugs. For this purpose we performed a transversal prospective trial during 6 month in the dermatological department and in the out patients management department of Dakar. Heighty four (84) cutaneous side effects were encounted in 38 HIV infected patients. There were 6,1% of toxidermies, severe in 3 cases (2 Stevens Johnson syndrome d 1 DRESS), 3,5% of immunitary restauration syndrome (2 zonas, 4 herpes) and 3,9% of lipodystrophy. The putative drugs of toxidermies were Nevirapine, Effavirenz and Zidovudine and antiproteases and Stavudine were the cause of lipodystrophy. The duration before apparitions of the lesions was 16,9 days for toxidermies, 45,5% for immunitary restauration syndrome and 40,72 months for the lipodystrophy.


Assuntos
Antirretrovirais/efeitos adversos , Toxidermias/etiologia , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Toxidermias/epidemiologia , Feminino , Soropositividade para HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Adulto Jovem
12.
J Urol (Paris) ; 100(6): 316-7, 1994.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7745263

RESUMO

Surgery was performed within 24 hours after penile fracture which occurred during coitus due to isolated damage to the corpus cavernosum. Post-operative follow-up was uneventful and the patient recovered normal erectile function which was only lost at the moment the of the accident.


Assuntos
Coito , Doenças do Pênis/cirurgia , Pênis/lesões , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Pênis/cirurgia , Ruptura
14.
Med Trop (Mars) ; 40(2): 169-75, 1980.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6247600

RESUMO

80 perforating ulcers recorded during 7 years (1970-1976) in Abidjan hospitals are reviewed. The therapeutic tactic is discussed according to the traditional and socio-economic living patterns of african patients: the authors propose a complete surgical treatment carried out either directly or after some delay but without discharging the patient who, in most cases, would no more report to the hospital. Suture may be an emergency treatment in patients with poor condition but it must be completed later during the same confinement.


Assuntos
Úlcera Péptica Perfurada/cirurgia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Côte d'Ivoire , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Úlcera Péptica Hemorrágica/mortalidade , Úlcera Péptica Hemorrágica/cirurgia , Úlcera Péptica Perfurada/mortalidade , Fatores Socioeconômicos
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