RESUMO
A high level of chromosomal aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes may be an early marker of cancer risk, but data on risk of specific cancers and types of chromosomal aberrations (chromosome type and chromatid type) are limited. A total of 6,430 healthy individuals from nine laboratories in Croatia, Hungary, Lithuania, Poland, and Slovakia, included in chromosomal aberration surveys performed during 1978-2002, were followed up for cancer incidence or mortality for an average of 8.5 years; 200 cancer cases were observed. Compared with that for the low-tertile level of chromosomal aberrations, the relative risks of cancer for the medium and high tertiles were 1.78 (95% confidence interval: 1.19, 2.67) and 1.81 (95% confidence interval: 1.20, 2.73), respectively. The relative risk for chromosome-type aberrations above versus below the median was 1.50 (95% confidence interval: 1.12, 2.01), while that for chromatid-type aberrations was 0.97 (95% confidence interval: 0.72, 1.31). The analyses of risk of specific cancers were limited by small numbers, but the association was stronger for stomach cancer. This study confirms the previously reported association between level of chromosomal aberrations and cancer risk and provides novel information on the type of aberrations more strongly predictive of cancer risk and on the types of cancer more strongly predicted by chromosomal aberrations.
Assuntos
Aberrações Cromossômicas/estatística & dados numéricos , Transtornos Cromossômicos/epidemiologia , Citogenética , Linfócitos , Neoplasias/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Biomarcadores Tumorais/sangue , Transtornos Cromossômicos/genética , Europa Oriental/epidemiologia , Feminino , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Humanos , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias/genética , Neoplasias/mortalidade , Exposição Ocupacional/efeitos adversos , Medição de Risco , Fatores de Risco , Fumar/efeitos adversosRESUMO
In the second half of 2002, IARC for Central and Eastern European countries targeted studies on the relationship between chromosomal aberrations (CAs) and cancer risk. For these purposes we preliminarily investigated, under identical methodological circumstances, the base-line level of CAs in peripheral blood lymphocytes of 1414 healthy Hungarian persons between 1986 and 2001. The age and sex as biological, and smoking habit and residency (Budapest, industrial- and agricultural settlements) as environmental confounding factors were evaluated. Previously, people were not exposed to any known potential mutagens. The overall frequencies of aberrant cells (1.60+/-0.05%) were not influenced by sex, age and residency, but the smoking habits (1.84+/-0.09%) had significant impact on the elevation of aberrant cells. Aneuploidy, exchange-type dicentric chromosomes and the total of aberrations increased significantly with the age of the donors. The individual frequency of aberrant cells ranged between 0-12%. No aberrant cells were detected in 35% of individuals, and 1 aberrant cell was found in 23% of the total population, while 42% of the examined persons were characterized with aberrant cell rates between 2-12%. The initial value of 0.85% of aberrant cells doubled by the end of the examined 16-year period, following 2-4-fold fluctuations. None of the investigated biological or environmental factors was responsible for the elevation of the CAs. The causes of the elevation of CA-level can be explained more precisely when these data will be compared to cancer registry database of these persons.
