Biosolids and Sludge Management.

The field of biosolids and sludge has progressed significantly over the past year. This review includes summations of the leading research published in journals and conference proceedings in 2017. The following sections are presented: biosolids regulations and management issues; biosolids characteristics, quality and measurement including microconstituents, pathogens, nanoparticles, and metals; sludge treatment technologies including pretreatment and sludge minimization, conditioning and dewatering, digestion, composting, and innovative technologies; disposal and reuse including combustion/incineration, agricultural uses, and innovative uses; odor and air emissions; and energy issues.