[The evaluation of the endogenous intoxication level in the sterile phase of pancreonecrosis].

The study is based on the analysis of the conservative and surgical treatment of 123 patients with the "sterile phase" of pancreonecrosis, completed by the evaluation of biochemical indexes of the endogenous intoxication. The achieved results specify the important role of the independent inflammation predictors in a complex estimation of the severity prognosis and the complication possibility after the operative treatment of the acute destructive pancreatitis.

[Prognostic value of peroxidase and antioxidant systems in patients with sterile pancreonecrosis].

The submitted survey is based on the analysis of results of conservative and surgical treatment of 123 patients with sterile pancreonecrosis in the view of a complex estimation of intensity of infringement of peroxidation and antioxidation. The research specifies the role of independent predictors of inflammation in a complex estimation of the disease severity and complications possibility after surgery.

[Characteristics of endotoxemia and non-specific adaptive reaction in patients with severe peritonitis in the Far North]. / Pokazateli éndotoksikoza i nespetsificheskoi adaptivnoi reaktsii pri raspostranennom peritonite v usloviiakh Krainego Severa.

We evaluated the endogenous intoxication biochemical characteristics for healthy person residing in Yakuts and assessed the endogenous manifestations and unspecific adaptive reaction in patients with severe surgical abdominal infection. Such assessments of biochemical parameters of the endogenous intoxication syndrome and of the non-specific adaptive reaction were shown to be highly valuable in individual prognostication and treatment for patients with surgical abdominal infection.

[The effect of extracts from Rhododendron aureum Georgi and Artemisia yacutica drod. on wheat root meristem cells division]. / Vliianie ékstraktov Rododendrona zolotistogo (Rhododendron aureum Georgi) i Polyni iakutsko'i (Artemisia yacutica drod.) na delenie kletok kornevo'i meristemy prorostkov pshenitsy.

A study was made of the action of extracts from two Yakutian plant species in the course of mitosis in the rootlet meristemic tissue in germs of the local variety of common wheat. The examined extracts contain a large amount of biologically active substances and colchicine-like compounds causing (at certain dilutions) the increase in mitotic activity of the meristemic tissue in wheat germs, with simultaneous augmentation of the number of abnormal cells in mitosis, which well compares with the action of 0.01% colchicine solution.

[The effect of the biochemical adaptations in the Manchu alder (Duschecia fruticosa (Rupr)) to an elevated natural radiation background on the survivability of seedlings and on the radiosensitivity of its seeds]. / Vliianie biokhimicheskikh adaptatsii ol'khi kustarnikovoi (Duschecia fruticosa (Rupr)) k povyshennomu estestvennomu radiatsionnomu fonu na vyzhivaemost' prorostkov i radiochuvstvitel'nost' ee semian.

Seeds and sprouts of bushy alder existing for long under the condition of the enhances natural radiation background (ENRB; from 1.4 to 72.0 mCu/(kg.s)) have been examined to determine biochemical adaptations to permanent low-level irradiation. To achieve this goal a combined cytological and biochemical technique for the assessment of the activity of genome of the sprout root meristem in response to translation, replication and reparation has been applied. The activity of antioxidant systems has been studied. The data obtained allow us to reveal mechanisms of alder bush biochemical adaptations to various ENRB rates and their effect upon seeds radiosensitivity and sprouts survival. It is determined that the increase in sprout vitality and high radioresistance of seeds ripened under the conditions of low-level natural radiation is due to the content of low molecular antioxidants and activation of systems of genome reparation.

[Various causes of decreased aldehyde dehydrogenase activity in the rat liver and blood in chronic alcoholic intoxication]. / Nekotorye prichiny umen'sheniia aktivnosti al'degiddegidrogenazy pecheni i krovi krys pri khronicheskoi alkogol'noi intoksikatsii.

Dynamics of accumulation of alcohol- and aldehyde dehydrogenases inhibitors in liver tissue of rats with chronic alcohol intoxication showed that content of the bioinhibitors of protein nature was increased during the animals alcoholization, whereas inhibition of aldehyde dehydrogenase was more distinct as compared with alcohol dehydrogenase. When the nature of aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor was studied using the immunoenzyme analysis, the inhibitor proved to be an autoantibody, produced in chronic alcoholization of rats as a result apparently of the enzyme modification. Titre of specific antibodies to "autoantigen" (aldehyde dehydrogenase from liver tissue of alcohol consuming rats) was 12-16-fold higher in liver tissue and blood serum of rats with alcoholism as compared with the corresponding preparations of control animals. An immuno-enzymological mechanism, responsible for an increase of acetaldehyde content in blood developed after ethanol consumption in alcoholism, is discussed.

[Effect of intersubunit interaction in horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase on the kinetics of ethanol oxidation]. / Vliianie mezhsub'edinichnogo vzaimodeistviia v alkogol'degidrogenaze iz pecheni loshadi na kinetiku okisleniia étanola.

The kinetics of enzymatic oxidation of ethanol in the presence of alcohol dehydrogenase within a wide range of ethanol and NAD concentrations (pH 6.0--11.5) were studied. It was shown that high concentrations of ethanol (greater than 0.7--5 mM, depending on pH) and NAD (greater than 0.4--0.8 mM) activate alcohol dehydrogenase from horse liver within the pH range of 6.0--7.9. A mechanism of activation based on negative cooperativity of ADH subunits for binding of ethanol and NAD was proposed. The catalytic and Michaelis constants for alcohol dehydrogenase were calculated from ethanol and NAD at all pH values studied. The changes resulting from the subunit cooperativity were revealed. The nature of ionogenic groups of alcohol dehydrogenase, which affect the formation of complexes between the enzyme and NAD and ethanol, and the rate constants for catalytic oxidation of ethanol was assumed. The biological significance of the enzyme capacity for activation by high concentrations of ethanol within the physiological range of pH in the blood under excessive use of alcohol is discussed.

[Stabilization of polyacrylamide gel immobilized horseradish peroxidase by its covalent coupling to albumin]. / Stabilizatsiia immobilizovannoi v poliakrilamidnom gele peroksidazy iz khrena putem kovalentnogo prisoedineniia k fermentu al'bumina

Pretreatment of peroxidase by its covalent coupling to inert proteins and albumin by means of glutaraldehyde considerably increases the thermostability and specific activity of polyacrylamide gel (PAAG) immobilized peroxidase. The effects of PAAG composition on the catalytic properties of the immobilized oligomers: peroxidase-inert proteins-albumin, are studied. The oligomers immobilized in 40% PAAG (10% N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide) possess the maximal specific activity (4.5 nmol/g). The effects of oligomer composition on their catalytic activity and stability in PAAG are studied. The stability of oligomers of optimal composition (ratio of albumin/peroxidase is 2.4), incorporated into 40% PAAG, is 15 times higher as compared to that of the soluble enzyme and 250 times higher as compared to that of the enzyme incorporated into PAAG without pretreatment. A mechanism of stabilizing effect exerted by albumin on peroxidase in PAAG-immobilized oligomers, is discussed.

[Catalytic properties and stability of horseradish peroxidase immobilized in polyacrylamide gel]. / Kataliticheskie svoistva i stabil'nost' peroksidazy iz khrena, immobilizovannoi v poliakrilamidnom gele

Effect of polyacrylamide (PAA) gel on properties of horseradish peroxidase, immobilized by means of the incorporation into PAA gel is studied. Catalytic properties of immobilized enzyme are studied. Km value and pH-dependency of the enzyme activity are found to be close to those of soluble enzyme, kcat value is 3 times lower at pH 7.0. PH-stability of immobilized peroxidase at 20 degrees C and thermostability of soluble and immobilized peroxidases at pH 7.0 within the temperature range from 20 to 81 degrees C are studied. The stability of peroxidase in PAA gel is found to decrease (in 3 times at 20 degrees C, and in 17 times at 56 degrees C). A mechanism of the effect of PAA gel on catalytic properties and stability of peroxidase is discussed.