[Analysis of the results of ERAS protocol in real-life clinical practice AFTER radical cystectomy (the first prospective multicenter study in Russia)].

AIM: to carry out a multicenter prospective analysis of the results of the ERAS protocol in patients undergoing radical cystectomy in real-life clinical practice. The aims of the study were to assess the complication and mortality rate after radical cystectomy using the ERAS protocol and to assess how often ERAS protocol was imple- mented. MATERIALS AND METHODS: a multicenter study was carried out in 4 clinics in Russia. A total of 134 patients who underwent radical cystectomy in 2017 were prospectively analyzed. Open and laparoscopic radical cystectomy was performed in 35 (26.1%) and 99 (73.9%) patients, respectively. Bricker procedure prevailed as a method for urine derivation (91.7%). Complication and mortality rate, and each principle of ERAS protocol was analyzed both in the general sample of patients and separately for open and laparoscopic radical cystectomy. RESULTS: length of hospitalization before the radical cystectomy was 1 (1-2) day. The median duration of surgery was 260 (205-300) minutes, median blood loss was 300 (200-400) ml. The median of the patients time in ICU was 1 (0-2) day. A total of 95 (70%) complications were recorded in the 90-day period after the surgery, including Clavien I-II category in 52 (38.8%) cases and Clavien III-IV in 43 (32%) cases. Of these, gastrointestinal tract complications were predominated. Gastroparesis requiring a nasogastric tube was observed in 16 (11.9%) patients. Ileus developed in 43 (32.1%) cases, and 22 patients (16.4 %) were managed conservatively; however, 21 patients (15.7%) undergone to reoperation. A 90-days mortality reached 5.2% and the main causes included multiple organ failure as a complication of peritonitis, acute heart failure after myocardial infarction and massive bleeding. Re-hospitalization rate was 9.7% (n=13). Length of stay was 12 (9-16) days. According to univariate and multivariate analysis, an absence of antibacterial prophylaxis, a history of coronary heart disease and the patients age more than 75 years were predictors of an increased complication rate. A 30-days mortality rate is 5.2%, and re-hospitalization was required in 9.7% (n=13) cases. An average length of stay was 12 (9-16) days. Frequency of implementation of ERAS protocol in each of the participating clinic varied. Open and laparoscopic radical cystectomy have insignificant differences in some intra- and postoperative parameters, but, in general, both approaches are comparable in terms of complications, mortality, and length of stay. CONCLUSION: 1. Despite the use of the ERAS protocol, radical cystectomy has a high frequency of complications (up to 70%); most of them are Clavien I-II. A 30-days mortality rate is 5.2%, and re-hospitalization is required in 9.7% cases. 2. Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that an absence of antibacterial prophylaxis, a coronary heart disease and the patients age more than 75 years are predictors of an increased complication rate. 3. Open and laparoscopic radical cystectomy have insignificant differences in some intra- and postoperative parameters, but, in general, both approaches are comparable in terms of complications, mortality, and length of stay. 4. To obtain more convincing data on the ERAS protocol after radical cystectomy, long-term studies are required.

[Quality of life in women after anterior pelvic exenteration].

60 women, who underwent anterior pelvic exenteration with different types of urine derivation since 2004 till 2014 years in urology department, RMAPO, S.P. Botkin city hospital, were included in retrospective investigation. Middle age of patients was 53,2+/-3 (32-68). 38 women with bladder cancer and 22 women with urinary injuries after radiation therapy underwent anterior pelvic exenteration. Aim of this work is to perform quality of life comparison of patients after anterior pelvic exenteration with different types of urine derivation. Patients were divided in 3 groups: 1-st group 39 (65%) women, who underwent Brickers operation, 2-nd group 19 (31,66% ) women, who had Studers operation and 3-rd group - 2 (3,34%), patients who underwent continent urine derivation with formation of catheterizing urinary reservoir. Questionnaire (SF-36) was used to evaluate quality of life. Observation period was from 2 to 10 years. Postsurgical lethality was 3%, 5-years survival rate was 60,9+/-15,8% and 5-years recurrence-free survival rate was 55,4+/-12,6%. We established that quality of life in women who underwent orthotopic urine derivation was higher than in patients who underwent incontinent ileoconduit formation. Better quality of life was demonstrated by women, who had catheterizing urinary reservoir, but it is difficult to compare this group with the others, because of small number of patients with heterotopic catheterizing reservoir. Regarding the results of our investigation we made next conclusions: In spite of difficult technique, high risk of postoperative complications and lethality, anterior pelvic exenteration provide 5-years survival rate for 70% of patients In locally advanced tumors of pelvic organs anterior pelvic exenteration is salvational operation and keep satisfactory quality of life Orthotopic intestinal urine derivation is better to provide satisfactory quality of life for patients with invasive bladder cancer. For women with urinary injuries after radiation therapy Brikers operation is better type of urine derivation, in special cases heterotopic catheterizing reservoirs can be made.