[Predisposition to type II diabetes in Ukraine residents exposed to famine 1932-1933 during prenatal development].

It has been shown in a number of studies that the early-life exposition to famine can have long-term consequences for human health. In the present study, the analysis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) prevalence in Ukraine residents born before, during, and after the famine 1932-1933 was performed. It has been found that T2D prevalence is increased in the people exposed to the peak of the famine during prenatal development compared with those not exposed to famine. Such differences are predominantly expressed in those persons born during the first half-year, and they are absent in those born during the second half-year thus pointing to the role of seasonal factors in driving famine-induced disease pathogenesis. We hypothesized that prenatal exposure to famine can result in induction of the long-term metabolic changes that have adaptive significance during early postnatal development but predispose to metabolic disorders at the late stages of life.

[Levels of some auto-antibodies and C-peptide in insulin-treated patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) depending on gender of the patients and disease duration].

Determination of antibodies to thyroid peroxidase was recently proposed to single out subgroups among patients with DM1 for following clinical and genetic studies. 73 men and 64 women who are being treated with insulin and included in territorial register of patients with DM of Mariupol city, Donetsk region, Ukraine. Average age of patients at the stage of investigation was 35.17+/-1.16, the duration of the disease was 11.85+/-0.74, BMI-23.13+/-0.32 kg/m2, HBA1c9.23+/-0.25, C-peptide 0.48+/-0.09 nmol/l, glutaminic acid decarboxylase antibodies-GADAs-0.63+/-0.04 units/ml and did not depend on gender. Patients aged less then 30 years had their level of GADAbs and TPOAbs changed linearly correlated with the duration of diabetes mellitus. Obtained data can be used to assess subgroups among patients with DM1.

[Role of seasonal factors in pre- and postnatal ontogenesis for etiology of type 1 diabetes mellitus].

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease characterized by autoimmune degradation of insulin-producing beta-cells. It was shown in a number of epidemiological studies of seasonality of birth in children with type 1 diabetes that the autoimmune process began during fetal and postnatal development. No such studies were carried out in the former Soviet Union countries. The aim of the present study is to compare the seasonal birth month pattern in patients with type 1 diabetes (10780 men and 9337 women) born in 1960-2002 to that in the total population of Ukraine (14 785601 men and 13 911370 women) born during the same period. Significant differences were found between these two populations: chi-squared = 103.97, p < 0.0001 and 135.17, p < 0.0001 in men and women, respectively. The results of cosinor analysis showed similar sinusoidal birth patterns of patients with type 1 diabetes in all sub-groups, irrespective of the age of clinical disease expression: 0-9, 10-19, or 20-29 years. In all cases, the highest and lowest predispositions to type 1 diabetes were inherent in the people born in spring and autumn, respectively. We propose that seasonal differences in the birth pattern in the two above populations could be due to long-term programming of glucose-insulin metabolism determined by the effect of certain seasonal factors during early ontogenesis.

[Insulin edema in patients with diabetes mellitus and recent diabetic ketoacidosis (epidemiology and case reports)]. / Insulinovyi otek u bol'nykh sakharnym diabetom, nedavno perenesshikh diabeticheskii ketoatsidoz (épidemiologicheskie dannye i klinicheskie varianty).

Insulin edema (IE) has been known for a long time as one of complications caused by insulin therapy, but even today its pathogenesis stays unclear, and epidemiology unknown. IE incidence in patients over 15 years of age receiving treatment in the year 2003 for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in the city of Donetsk (adult population 858200) has been retrospectively studied according to clinical archives and national diabetics register data. Presented are three own observations on the development of IE after DKA treatment. 13 (17%) out of 76 DKA patients had IE. Keeping in mind reoccurring DKA incidents--16%. During IE the known duration of Diabetes Mellitus came out to be 5 years on average, and did not differ from insulin therapy duration, whereas the Diabetes Mellitus duration in non DKA group without edemas exceeded the continuance of insulin treatment by over two years (P < 0.05).

[Incidence of proliferative retinopathy and sex-related differences in death rate among patients with diabetes mellitus and sight impairment treated with insulin (according to the data from national diabetic registry)]. / Rasprostranennost' proliferativnoi retinopatii i gendernye razlichiia v urovne smertnosti sredi poluchaiushchikh insulin bol'nykh sakharnym diabetom s narusheniem zreniia (po dannym natsional'nogo diabetologicheskogo registra).

The article presents the analysis of the occurrence of diabetes mellitus-linked sight impairment and proliferative retinopathy after data of National Diabetes Population Register among patients receiving insulin therapy. The number of women with above mentioned impairments has been found to prevail significantly over that of men. This tendency is also observed among the patients aged to 50 y. o., although in this age group the number of men with diabetes mellitus prevails over that of women. This discrepancy can be explained through higher death rate linked with diabetes mellitus among men as compared with women. Death rate statistics concerning patients with diabetes mellitus complicated with sight impairment for 2003 y. confirms this supposition.

[Thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins and the incidence of postoperative hypothyroidism in patients with diffuse toxic goiter]. / Tireostimuliruiushchie immunoglobuliny i chastota posleoperatsionnogo gipotireoza u bol'nykh diffuznym toksicheskim zobom.

Thyroid function was studied in 38 patients with diffuse thyroid goiter after subtotal thyroidectomy (3.82 and 25.9 months after surgery. Postoperative hypothyroidism developed less frequently in diffuse goiter patients who showed before treatment thyro-stimulating antibodies in the blood. The authors recommend a differential approach to the volume of thyroidectomy depending on the presence and absence of thyroid-stimulating antibodies before the operation.

[Effect of merkazolyl on the level of thyrostimulating immunoglobulins of the blood in patients with diffuse toxic goiter]. / Vliianie merkazolila na uroven' tireostimuliruiushchikh immunoglobulinov v krovi bol'nykh diffuznym toksicheskim zobom.

A study was made of the level of thyrostimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) in the blood of 31 untreated patients with diffuse toxic goiter (DTG). The effect of thiamazole applied at a daily dose of 30-60 mg for 3-4 weeks on a TSI level was investigated in 18 patients. The level was assessed by an increase in a cAMP level in thyroid paired lobes after incubation with immunoglobulins of DTG patients. The basal level of TSI does not correlate with the level of blood thyroxin, thyroid iodine absorptive capacity of DTG patients, and severity of thyrotoxicosis. Thiamazole produces a different effect depending on a degree of severity of thyrotoxicosis decreasing a TSI level in patients with disease of average severity and not changing the level in severe thyrotoxicosis.