Interleukin-17 Genotypes in Egyptian Asthmatic Children at Zagazig University Hospitals.

Bronchial asthma (BA) is increasing among Egyptian children. It is affected by multiple factors including genetic ones. In the current study, we assessed the relationship between interleukin-17 (IL-17) genotypes and the occurrence of BA among Egyptian children. This case-control study included 100 participants. Group I (the control group) comprised 50 healthy subjects. Group II (the asthmatic group) comprised 50 subjects diagnosed with atopic asthma according to the Global Initiative for Asthma. Measurement of serum Ig E and eosinophilic count was performed. Detection of single nucleotide polymorphism rs2275913 of IL-17 gene by restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction was conducted. GA and AA genotypes were more frequent in the asthmatic group compared to the control group (P = 0.03 and 0.01, respectively). Subjects carrying GA and AA genotypes were more susceptible to have asthma [odds ratio (OR) = 2.21, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.14-9.94, P = 0.03; OR = 7.78, 95% CI = 1.59-38.3, P = 0.01, respectively]. The A allele was higher in the asthmatic group (33%) compared to the control group (10%). A allele carriers were more susceptible to have asthma (OR = 4.43, 95% CI = 2.04-9.82 and P < 0.001). Immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels and eosinophil percentages were higher among the carriers of GA and AA genotypes when compared with the GG genotype. All pulmonary function tests were significantly lower among carriers of AA genotype compared with GG genotype. An A allele carrier, AA genotype, increased IgE level, and eosinophil level were significant predictors for occurrence of asthma (P = 0.01, 0.02, 0.004, and 0.01). In conclusion, AA genotype carriers and A allele carriers of the IL-17 gene are more likely to have asthma compared with controls.

Evaluation of patent ductus arteriosus by using two dimensional echocardiography in infant and neonate

Background: Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a part of the typical morbidity profile of the preterm infant, with a high incidence of 80­90% in extremely low birth weight infants born before 26 weeks of gestation. Whereas spontaneous closure of the ductus arteriosus (DA) is likely in term infants, it is less so in preterm ones. The aim of this study is to Evaluate Patent Ductus Arteriosus by using two dimensional echocardiography in infant and neonate. Method: The present study is a case-control study including 46 cases aged between neonate below 37 weeks of gestation to infant ˂6 months. This study was conducted in Neonatal ICU, Cardiology Unit and Pediatric Echocardiography Unit in Pediatric Department, Zagazig University. The period of the study was from January 2017 t0 December 2017. Results ECHO findings of both PDA cases and their controls were close to each other and there was no statistical significant difference between them except in size of left atrium which was significantly higher among PDA cases ranged from 0.91 cm to 1.7 cm with mean of 1.25±0.24, also ratio of LVED/ AO was higher among PDA cases than their controls and the difference was statistically highly significant. 9 cases (39%) of the studied PDA cases presented with high significant PDA, while 14 cases (61%) had low significant PDA.Concolusion: 1. Clinical assessment is somewhat helpful at detecting PDA early in the course of sick infants. Echocardiography is a safe method of detecting PDA and classifying it as HSPDA and LSPDA