Hydrometrocolpos With Polydactyly in Consanguineous Parents: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Neonatal hydrometrocolpos (HMC) is a cystic dilatation of a neonate's vagina and uterus occurring secondary to congenital vaginal obstruction, with or without maternal estrogenic stimulation of uterine and cervical glands causing increased secretions during the prenatal and postnatal period. Diagnosis is made using ultrasonography and further confirmed by MRI. HMC in a neonate can rarely present with congenital anomalies such as polydactyly, which may indicate a variety of underlying genetic syndromes. There is a deficit in the literature as to whether the development of HMC in a neonate of consanguineous parents is an isolated finding or solely related to an underlying syndrome. We hope to help bridge this gap by reporting a case of a 12-day-old neonate presenting with hydrometrocolpos and polydactyly, born to consanguineous parents.

Vegan, Vegetarian and Meat-Based Diets in Saudi Arabia.

Introduction One of the most essential risk factors for chronic medical conditions is dietary intake. The dietary habits in Saudi Arabia shifted towards the Western diet, which is high in fat, salt and sugar. Plant-based diets like vegetarianism and veganism have gained popularity in the last few years. Individuals commit to a plant-based diet for many reasons. Plant-based diets are associated with various health benefits but can still cause nutrition deficiencies.  Purpose The aim of the study is to examine the proportion of vegan, vegetarian and omnivore diets in Saudi Arabia. To compare between plant-eaters and meat-eaters in health, lifestyle factors and nutritional status. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted. A previously validated online questionnaire was distributed via social media platforms. The authors used convenience sampling to collect the data. Results A total of 1018 respondents answered the survey. Most respondents 885 (87%) were omnivores, 52 were vegetarians (5%) and 81 (8%) were vegans. Moreover, 61% of the total respondents never consumed vitamin B12 supplements, and 10% consumed vitamin B12 daily. The majority of respondents 548 (54%) used no other dietary supplements, and 470 (46%) used unspecified dietary supplements. Vegan respondents were more likely than other diet categories to have healthier lifestyle features, including >3 times/week exercise (standardized residual = 3.55) and >7 hours of sleep (standardized residual = 2.44). Conclusion Majority of Saudis follow omnivore diets and the frequency of those who follow plant-based diets is very low. Those who follow a vegan diet seem to have better health rating and lifestyle compared to the omnivores. Public health officials and healthcare providers are encouraged to increase awareness among the Saudi population about the health benefits of a plant-based diet.