Synthesis and effect of fatty acid amides as friction modifiers in petroleum base stock.

Fatty acid amides were prepared by using Lewis acid as a catalyst. The products from reaction was subjected to solvent extraction with chloroform and then followed by purification with n-hexane, ethanol and acetonitrile. Fatty acid amide, characterized by various physicochemical and tribological properties like wear scar, weld load and coefficient of friction. These compounds found good antiwear (AW) and extreme pressure (EP) additive. The addition of various EP and AW additives in lubricating oil is an important and effective way to reduce friction and wear. Fatty acid amides were used as antiwear and friction modifier additive and a comparative study was carried out for 1%, 3%, 5% additive blend with commercial petroleum base stocks 150N and 500N.

Synthesis of polymers from fatty alcohol and acrylic acid and its impact on tribological properties.

Anhydride copolymers were synthesized from acrylic acid and fatty alcohols (C12- C18, C18:1). These n-alkyl acrylates were treated with maleic anhydride in presence of hydrogen peroxide in second step, to form anhydride copolymer. The anhydride copolymer further reacted to n-butylamine to form poly (n-acrylate-co-nbutylmalemide). The compounds were used as pour point depressant (PPD) additive. The synthesized experimental pour point depressants were added in different concentrations to conventional base stock (150N and 500N), which had no other additive content before. Synthesized additives were effective as viscosity index improver but also lowered the pour point. These results were comparable with industrial product. Furthermore all additives showed antiwear (AW) and extreme pressure (EP) properties. The resultant anhydride copolymer can act as multifunctional additive, which is novelty of the work.

Effect of wax esters as friction modifiers in petroleum base stock.

Condensation product of fatty acids and fatty alcohols is termed as wax esters. A series of fatty acids and fatty alcohols both saturated & unsaturated ranging from C 12 to C 22 were synthesised using p-TSA as a catalyst. Carbonyl functionality was confirmed by infrared spectrophotometer. Wax esters were used as friction modifier additives at 1%, 3%, 5% in 150N and 500N commercial petroleum base stocks. These base stocks were characterized by tribological properties like wear scar, weld load and coefficient of friction. All the tribological properties were better for saturated products than the unsaturated ones.