Daughter-to-Father Attachment Style and Emerging Adult Daughter's Psychological Well-Being: Mediating Role of Interpersonal Communication Motives.

This study investigated insecure attachment of emerging adult daughters with their fathers and how it affects daughter's psychological well-being, with interpersonal communication motives taken as mediating variables. A sample of daughters (N = 243) ranging from 18 to 25 years was collected through purposive sampling from Islamabad and Rawalpindi. For this cross-sectional study, data were collected using psychometrically sound tools along with a demographic data sheet. Results revealed that anxiety and avoidance attachment style negatively correlate to young adult daughters' psychological well-being as hypothesized. Moreover, this relationship is partially mediated by interpersonal communication motives. Among communication motives, affection motive is a stronger predictor of psychological well-being scores (ß = .31, p < .01). Other motives, i.e., pleasure, relaxation, inclusion, escape, and control did not show significant results in mediation. These findings have practical implications for parents, mental health professionals, and family counselors.

Vaccination willingness among undergraduates: Role of conspiracy mentality and belief in Covid-19 vaccine conspiracies.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate willingness to vaccination, conspiracy mentality, and belief in vaccine conspiracies among undergraduate students as well as the level of adherence to non-pharmaceutical interventions during the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic. METHODS: The cross-sectional study was conducted from January to June, 2021, and comprised undergraduate students from Islamabad and Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Data was gathered using the General Conspiracy Mentality Scale and the Belief in Vaccine Conspiracies Scale. Willingness for vaccination and degree of adherence to non-pharmaceutical interventions was measured on a 5-point rating scale. Data was analysed using SPSS 26. RESULTS: Of the 300 subjects, 154 were males and 146 were females. The overall mean age of the sample was (23.47 ±2.17). A sample of 121(40.33%) respondents believed in vaccine conspiracies, while only 83(27.66%) showed disagreement. High scores on conspiracy mentality (p<0.020) and belief in vaccine conspiracies (p<0.006) were associated with little adherence to behavioural recommendations for coronavirus disease-2019. High scorers on conspiracy mentality (p<0.006) and belief in vaccine conspiracies (p<0.004) had less willingness for vaccination. There was no significant difference in the conspiracy mentality and belief in vaccine conspiracies with reference to gender (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Medical practitioners and healthcare organisations need to understand the connection between belief in vaccine conspiracies and related vaccine resistance and noncompliance with behavioural recommendations in the face of a pandemic.

Estimates of gelotophobia and perceived stress among obese individuals.

OBJECTIVE: The present research was carried out to estimate gelotophobia among obese individuals. Perceived stress and differences on socio-demographic factors were also studied. METHODS: The survey design cross-sectional study was conducted from January to June in 2018. A sample of 70 consenting participants (men = 22, women = 48) with BMI ≥ 25 were recruited through purposive sampling. The instruments of Geloph<15> and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) were used to assess the level of gelotophobia and level of stress in the sample. Demographic details of sample were also recorded to achieve study objectives. RESULTS: The estimate of gelotophobia among obese individuals in the current study showed that 45(64.2%) majority sample had moderate level of gelotophobia, while 7(10%) of the sample had high level of gelotophobia. Statistically significant differences were observed in the level of gelotophobia among individuals having different levels of socio-economic status (p < .05) and with history of being ridiculed by peers (p < .05). However, the present study did not show any significant demographic difference in perceived stress (p > .05). CONCLUSIONS: The findings of the study could provide evidence in favour of developing and implementing suitable intervention programmmes to help control risk of gelotophobia among obese individuals. The study could also assist in creating awareness and understanding about harmful consequences of bullying and nurturing a healthier narrative of conversations and humour among the youth.