Solid pseudopapillary tumor in an ectopic pancreas: an unusual presentation.

Pancreatic solid pseudopapillary tumor is a rare neoplasm. Very rarely, it may arise from an ectopic site. Solid pseudopapillary tumor occurring in the root of mesentery has not been described in the literature. This report summarizes a case of an adult male having the tumor arising from the mesenteric root. He underwent complete resection of the tumor followed by six cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy and remains asymptomatic till date.

An alarming but self-limited case of isolated large spontaneous liver hematoma in pregnancy.

Spontaneous subcapsular liver hematoma is rare but potentially life-threatening complication of pregnancy usually associated with severe preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome (hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets). We present here a case of such a large spontaneous liver hematoma presenting in pregnancy, but without other known associated abnormalities, which has not been described before and it resolved on itself without any intervention.

Type IV jejunal atresia with an unusual variation of enteric duplication: report of a case.

We report a rare case of type IV jejunal atresia with enteric duplication and multiple diverticuli, found in a 3-day-old baby girl. To our knowledge, this association has never been reported before.

Management of jejunoileal atresias: an experience at eastern Nepal.

BACKGROUND: Intestinal atresia is a common cause of neonatal intestinal obstruction, and management of this disease in limited setup of a developing country is very difficult. METHODS: This study is a retrospective study of patients with jejunoileal atresias and their postoperative outcome in a teaching hospital in eastern Nepal over a 5-year period. RESULTS: There were 28 children (19 boys and 9 girls). 11 children (39.28%) had jejunal atresia and 17 (60.71%) had ileal atresia. Eight (28.5%) patients died, 6 were jejunal atresia (54.5%) and 2 were ileal atresia (11.7%). The most common cause of death was sepsis which occurred in 7 out of 8 cases (87.5%). The risk factors for mortality identified were leucopenia, neutropenia, delay in surgery, location of atresia and type of atresia. Jejunal atresia tended to have a higher mortality than ileal atresia, and severe types of atresia (type IIIb and IV) were more often associated with mortality than other types of atresia. The significant differences between jejunal and ileal atresia were the increased duration between presentation and surgery, longer postoperative and total hospital stay, presence of more severe atresias and an increased risk of mortality in case of jejunal atresias. CONCLUSION: The prognosis for this disease have definitely changed in the last few decades in developed countries but in our environment, problems like late presentation and diagnosis, lack of availability of good neonatal intensive care units and parenteral nutritional support still prevail.

Caecal volvulus: a twisted tale.

Caecal volvulus is an uncommon cause of acute intestinal obstruction caused by axial twisting of the caecum along with the terminal ileum and ascending colon. Early diagnosis is essential in order to reduce the high mortality rate, though the condition is rarely diagnosed correctly at the time of presentation. We report a series of four cases describing their presentation, management and subsequent outcome.

Isolated pancreatic tuberculosis mimicking as carcinoma: a case report and review of the literature.

INTRODUCTION: Pancreatic tuberculosis is a rare disease even in endemic countries for tuberculosis. Here, we report a case of pancreatic tuberculosis from tuberculosis endemic zone presenting as obstructive jaundice mimicking pancreatic cancer. CASE PRESENTATION: A 41-year-old male presented with features of malignant obstructive jaundice. Ultrasonography and computed tomography scan showed mass in the pancreatic head and uncinate process. He underwent a pancreatoduodencetomy. Histological examination showed typical features of tuberculosis. Antitubercular drugs were started and he remains well six months after surgery. CONCLUSION: Tuberculosis should be considered as a differential diagnosis to an obscure pancreatic mass in younger or middle aged patient residing in tuberculosis endemic zone.

Transhepatic perforation of the gallbladder: rare complication of a common disease.

Acute cholecystitis leading to gallbladder perforation is relatively common. However, transhepatic perforation of the gallbladder leading to biliary peritonitis is very rare. We present a rare case of biliary peritonitis caused by transhepatic perforation of the gallbladder.

Retroperitoneal inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors are rare, and those located retroperitoneally are even rarer. The authors present the case of a 52-year-old male farmer with a lump in the lower abdomen of 2 months in duration that was retroperitoneal in location. It was excised, and histopathologic examination revealed an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor. The present case is presented by virtue of its rare location.

Giant sacrococcygeal teratoma in an adult: case report.

Congenital sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT) is the most common germ cell tumour of infancy and childhood. Authors report a case of 18-year-old female with progressively enlarging sacral mass since birth. MRI showed a solid-cystic mass with no involvement of surrounding structures and it was excised completely by the post-anal route.

Intussusception due to non Hodgkin's lymphoma; different experiences in two children: two case reports.

In children, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma has been found to be the lead point in intussusception involving the terminal ileum. We present here two cases of ileal primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma which presented as intussusception, highlighting the differing presentations of these children and their outcome, with a brief review of the literature.

Comparison of aspiration-sclerotherapy with hydrocelectomy in the management of hydrocele: a prospective randomized study.

BACKGROUND: Hydrocelectomy is practiced as the gold standard technique for the treatment of hydrocele worldwide. Aspiration and sclerotherapy is cheap, less invasive and safe compared to hydrocelectomy. However, the outcomes are inconsistent because of lack of uniformity in methods and sclerosing agents used. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a randomized controlled study conducted in a university hospital for a period of one year. Sixty symptomatic adult males without fertility concern or coexisting scrotal pathology were enrolled. Aspiration and sclerotherapy and hydrocelectomy were performed in 30 each. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES: incidence of complications, loss of working days, cost involved, recurrence rate and patient's satisfaction. Patients were followed up till 6 months after the procedures. RESULTS: Eight patients (26.7%) after hydrocelectomy developed fever which was significantly more (p<0.05) than 2 patients (6.7%) following sclerotherapy. Four patients (14%) with hydrocelectomy had infection (p<0.05). The incidence of pain and haematocele between the two groups were comparable. Nine patients (34.6%) after sclerotherapy developed recurrence at 3 months. All patients developed recurrence after repeat aspiration and sclerotherapy. The level of satisfaction was more in hydrocelectomy 19 (95%) versus 13 (61.9%) patients in sclerotherapy (p<0.05). The cost involved was fivefold and the loss of working days sevenfold in hydrocelectomy (p<0.01) as compared to sclerotherapy. CONCLUSION: Although aspiration and sclerotherapy had less complications, morbidity and was cheaper, it had lower success rate and less patient's satisfaction than hydrocelectomy.

Anorectal tuberculosis coexisting with adenocarcinoma: an unusual association.

INTRODUCTION: Tuberculosis affecting the anorectum is an uncommon extra-pulmonary form of the disease, and its association with malignancy is highly unusual. CASE REPORT: A 35 year lady presented with lower gastrointestinal bleed, altered bowel habit and significant weight loss. On examination, she had nodular stricture in the lower rectum, with friable mucosa, bleeding easily on touch. With the diagnosis of carcinoma lower rectum, she underwent abdomino-perineal resection of the growth. The histopathological examination revealed carcinoma rectum with coexisting tuberculosis. CONCLUSION: The aetiological association between the tuberculosis and anorectal cancer is a matter of debate. However, the treating surgeon should be aware of this association, to avoid confusion and delay in the management.

A report of a rare congenital malformation in a Nepalese child with congenital pouch colon: a case report.

Congenital pouch colon is one of rare congenital anomalies. We report a 3-day-old male child with congenital pouch colon who underwent a window colostomy but died because of overwhelming sepsis. Due to its rarity, many surgeons in our part of the world may not be aware of it, hence increasing the potential to its mismanagement. However, with simple keen observations, we can safely come to its diagnosis. The aim of this report is to bring attention to congenital pouch colon associated with anorectal malformation in our country, with a brief emphasis on an approach to its diagnosis and initial management.

Nonfamilial juvenile polyposis coli manifesting as massive lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage: report of two cases.

Juvenile polyposis syndrome is an uncommon hamartomatous disorder with gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations of varying degree and malignant potential. We report the cases of an 8-year-old girl and a 5-year-old girl who suffered massive lower GI hemorrhage. Neither patient had a family history of polyposis. After the patients were stabilized, radiological evaluation, laparotomy, and intraoperative colonoscopy revealed multiple polyps in the colon. Both patients underwent total colectomy, mucosal proctectomy, and ileoanal anastomosis. The diagnosis of nonfamilial juvenile polyposis was based on the histological findings and the absence of a family history. To our knowledge, this presentation of juvenile polyposis has been reported only twice before. We discuss the clinical features and diagnosis of juvenile polyposis and the treatment options. Although juvenile polyposis is a rare condition in children, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of life-threatening GI hemorrhage.