RESUMO
The authors presented data on levels, structure and dynamics of combined occupational diseases in coal miners of Donetsk region in Ukraine, analyzed possible mechanisms of such diseases.
Assuntos
Minas de Carvão , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Perda Auditiva Provocada por Ruído/epidemiologia , Perda Auditiva Provocada por Ruído/etiologia , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ruído Ocupacional/efeitos adversos , Doenças Profissionais/etiologia , Ocupações , Fatores de Risco , Fatores de Tempo , Ucrânia/epidemiologia , Vibração/efeitos adversosRESUMO
The examinations indicated that the students of mining colleges from Donbass showed unfavourable changes in their health status, including those in their immunobiological resistance and functional status. There was a direct relationship between the levels of environmental pollution and the body's changes, i.e. those in the cardiovascular, respiratory, muscular, and nervous systems. Recommendations for health promotion in the students are given in the paper.
Assuntos
Minas de Carvão , Poluição Ambiental , Nível de Saúde , Estudantes , Adolescente , Promoção da Saúde , Humanos , UcrâniaRESUMO
Pupils from the mining-trade secondary schools aged, 17-18 from different towns of Donbass were examined for the state of immunologic reactivity, as evidenced by the peripheral blood content of leucocytes, level of Igs A, M, G, as well as cytotoxicity of blood plasma. The results obtained suggest weakening of immunological reactivity in the examined populations, with the degree of the immunological reactivity impairement being higher in Donetsk as compared with more clean ecological zone Selidovo, which fact suggests a negative influence the complex of harmful environmental factors has on human organism. The above age group warrants further study; there is also the need to devise approaches toward immunocorrecting therapy for such contingents.
Assuntos
Poluentes Atmosféricos/efeitos adversos , Sistema Imunitário/efeitos dos fármacos , Resíduos Industriais/efeitos adversos , População Urbana , Adolescente , Formação de Anticorpos/efeitos dos fármacos , Ecologia , Exposição Ambiental/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Sistema Imunitário/imunologia , Imunidade Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Mineração , Ucrânia , Educação VocacionalRESUMO
With the purpose of studying the impact of ecological health hazard conditions on the juvenile organism, a total of 192 pupils of upper grades from schools in Donetsk, Makeyevka, Mariupol (conventionally a "dirty" zone) and 126 schoolchildren from Artemovsk and Krasnyi Liman (conventionally a "clean" zone) were evaluated for the immunological status. Children from the polluted zone demonstrated decreased levels of lysozyme in saliva as well as of glycogen and acid phosphatase in leucocytes, there were also deviations from the norm in the peripheral blood picture. Young residents of Mariupol appeared to have the worst findings.
Assuntos
Imunidade/efeitos dos fármacos , Adolescente , Poluição do Ar/efeitos adversos , Ecologia , Humanos , Imunidade/imunologia , Indústrias , Ucrânia , População UrbanaRESUMO
The article presents results of study into the level of physical development, condition of the cardiovascular-, respiratory-, central nervous systems, immunobiologic resistance of the organism, prevalence of morphofunctional deviations from the norm, and morbidity rates among the students of the mining-trade secondary school (aged 15-18). It has been found out that adverse ecological situation in urban centres of the Donetsk Province together with specific character of training for occupation in coal industry have a marked negative effect on the functional status as well as health status of the adolescents. On the basis of the studies made a complex of measures has been designed to maintain and promote the health of students of the mining-trade secondary schools.
Assuntos
Saúde Ambiental , Nível de Saúde , Mineração/educação , Aptidão Física , Adolescente , Poluição do Ar/efeitos adversos , Antropometria , Saúde Ambiental/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Imunidade Inata , Ucrânia , População Urbana , Avaliação da Capacidade de TrabalhoRESUMO
Professiographic analysis of the labour in coal mining resulted in the model for forecast of successful vocational education for the machinists of underground installations, and allowed the differential admission to mining special vocational schools to carry out.
Assuntos
Logro , Minas de Carvão/educação , Educação Vocacional , Adolescente , Minas de Carvão/instrumentação , Humanos , Prognóstico , Psicofisiologia , Análise e Desempenho de Tarefas , UcrâniaRESUMO
The pattern of forming of the adaptational process to occupational-industrial factors of working in a coal mine depending on the conditions of carrying out practical work was determined. It was found out that the adaptation of young boys to the working activity in deep horizons was accompanied by a more marked tension of the functional status and regulation mechanisms compared to working in less deep horizons.
Assuntos
Adaptação Fisiológica/fisiologia , Medicina do Adolescente/normas , Minas de Carvão/normas , Medicina do Trabalho/normas , Educação Vocacional/normas , Adolescente , Hemodinâmica/fisiologia , Humanos , Microclima , Respiração/fisiologia , Ucrânia , Avaliação da Capacidade de TrabalhoRESUMO
Proceeding from the study of organization of the teaching and production process among students of secondary vocational mining schools it was established that students' physical adaptation, developed to the end of theoretical studies, was rather unstable. Exposure to a number of occupational factors of mines caused stress of regulatory mechanisms at the initial stage of probation that was succeeded by adaptative reconstruction when working in rather shallow mines and by its absence when working in deep mines. Thus, the necessity of hygienic corrections in the teaching process of students of vocational mining schools was underlined.