Results of Frequency Analysis Distribution of Polymorphism Rs1800895 592C>A In IL10 Gene among Patients with Chronic Polypoid Rhinosinusitis.

INTRODUCTION: Chronic polyposis rhinosinusitis is a disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the nasal mucosa and sinuses. In the tissues of polyps and intranasal secretions, an increase in the concentration of various inflammatory mediators, in particular interleukins is observed due to an increase in their de novo synthesis by effector cells. The research objective to study the distribution of genotypic forms of the IL10 gene locus and evaluate their role in the development and clinical course of chronic polypoid rhinosinusitis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In accordance with the purpose of the study and to fulfill the assigned tasks, clinical studies were carried out in 140 patients with CPRS and with chronic rhinosinusitis, who were examined and treated at the ENT department of the multidisciplinary clinic of the Tashkent Medical Academy in 2017-2019. The examined patients met the following criteria: the presence of polyposis tissue in the nasal cavity that obstructs the common nasal passage completely or by at least 50%; complaints of prolonged difficulty in nasal breathing; according to the patient, the disease significantly reduces the quality of his life; absence of acute inflammatory pathology; written informed consent for surgical treatment and morphological examination of the surgical material. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The revealed reliably high frequency of this genotype in group 1 of patients with CPRS, compared with group 2 of CPRS, also confirms our assumption about the protective role of the genotypic variant of the A/A polymorphism rs1800895 592 C>A in the IL10 gene, in relation to the development of CPRS in patients (6.45 % versus 5.0%, respectively, at χ2=0.02; Р=0.45; RR=1.17; OR=1.18; 95% CI: 8.557-8.942). This fact is probably due to the fact that in carriers of the A/A genotype of the IL10 gene, the anti-inflammatory activity of epithelial matrix metalloproteinases is significantly increased, compared with patients carrying other genotypic variants. CONCLUSION: The results obtained showed that, with this pathology of the genotypic variant of the A/A polymorphism rs1800895 592 C>A in the IL10 gene, there is a risk of developing CPRS in patients (6.45% versus 5.0%, respectively). This fact is probably due to the fact that in carriers of the A/A genotype of the IL10 gene, the anti-inflammatory activity of epithelial matrix metalloproteinases is significantly increased, compared with patients carrying other genotypic variants.

Prevalence of and factors affecting otitis media with effusion in children in the region from Balkans to Caspian basin; A multicentric cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to contribute to the literature about the prevalence of OME by conducting a research in a wide geography examining most of the associating factors together with a questionnaire. Additionally, possible effects of altitudes and latitudes, concordance between the otoscopic examination findings and tympanometric and acoustic reflex test results were evaluated in 4-7 years old children in the same season in different countries. METHODS: In the randomly sampled schools from different regions of different cities where people of different scoioecomonic statuses live, 4-7 year-old children were included in the study. The results of the questionnaire covering the potential factors in OME etiology were evaluated together with the results of the otoscopic examination and tympanometry findings, and also the acoustic reflex findings to direct the interpretation in cases of low amplitude - blunted peak tympanograms which can be interpreted as a "Type B" or "Type As". All the results were gathered in the same season. RESULTS: Ten centers from nine countries participated in the study. A total of 4768 children were evaluated. The frequency of OME diagnosed by otosopic examination was 22.48% (n=1072) and the diagnosis rate when otoscopic examination plus type B tympanometry were taken into account was found as 11.3% (n=539) in general population. Factors increasing the prevalence of OME were found as; mother's educational level (p=0.02), child's age (p=0.006), history of upper respiratory tract infection (p=0.001), smoking father (p=0.01), mother being a housewife or laborer (p=0.01), history of allergy (p=0.001), asthma (p=0.04), or allergy symptoms (p=0.02). No direct relationship was found between altitudes or latitudes and prevalence of OME. CONCLUSION: The important affecting factors found after analyzing all of the potential risk factors in the same model are secondhand smoke exposure, low level of mother's education, mother's occupation, positive history of URTI, and age of the child being less than 7. By paying attention to the factors that increase the prevalence of OME, putting particular emphasis on the preventable ones such as smoking, education, and fighting with allergies could decrease the prevalence of this public health issue.