RESUMO
Cancer is increasingly recognized as a major and growing health concern in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR). This report outlines the current burden of cancer in the Region and the challenges faced by the countries; these are mainly lack of national cancer surveillance, lack of a model of integrated care for noncommunicable disease prevention in general and cancer in particular, inadequate national capacity-building and lack of programme sustainability. Strategies for cancer prevention, control and care in the Region are discussed, such as: the formulation of evidence-based policies, mobilization and appropriate allocation of resources, active participation of all stakeholders, government commitment to legislation, education and international collaboration.
Assuntos
Efeitos Psicossociais da Doença , Prioridades em Saúde/organização & administração , Necessidades e Demandas de Serviços de Saúde/organização & administração , Neoplasias , Adulto , Causas de Morte , Criança , Participação da Comunidade , Países em Desenvolvimento , Medicina Baseada em Evidências , Feminino , Política de Saúde , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Região do Mediterrâneo/epidemiologia , Oriente Médio/epidemiologia , Programas Nacionais de Saúde/organização & administração , Neoplasias/epidemiologia , Neoplasias/prevenção & controle , Cuidados Paliativos/organização & administração , Vigilância da População , Prevalência , Prevenção Primária/organização & administração , Distribuição por Sexo , Organização Mundial da SaúdeRESUMO
We conducted a national household survey to estimate the prevalence and causes of hearing impairment in Egypt. From 6 randomly selected governorates (Alexandria, Dakahlia, Luxor, Marsa Matrouh, Minia and North Sinai), 4000 individuals were screened for hearing loss. The prevalence of hearing loss was 16.0% with no significant sex differences. There were significant differences between the age groups and governorates: Marsa Matrouh had the highest prevalence of hearing loss (25.7%) and North Sinai the lowest (13.5%); those > or = 65 years had the highest prevalence (49.3%), but it was also high in those aged 0-4 years (22.4%). Otitis media with effusion (30.8%) was the commonest cause of hearing loss, followed by presbycusis (22.7%).
Assuntos
Perda Auditiva/epidemiologia , Perda Auditiva/etiologia , Testes de Impedância Acústica , Adolescente , Adulto , Distribuição por Idade , Idoso , Causalidade , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Egito/epidemiologia , Feminino , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Perda Auditiva/diagnóstico , Perda Auditiva/terapia , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Programas de Rastreamento , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Otite Média com Derrame/complicações , Presbiacusia/complicações , Prevalência , Características de Residência/estatística & dados numéricos , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Distribuição por Sexo , Estatísticas não ParamétricasRESUMO
Cancer is increasingly recognized as a major and growing health concern in the Eastern Mediterranean Region [EMR]. This report outlines the current burden of cancer in the Region and the challenges faced by the countries; these are mainly lack of national cancer surveillance, lack of a model of integrated care for noncommunicable disease prevention in general and cancer in particular, inadequate national capacity-building and lack of programme sustainability. Strategies for cancer prevention, control and care in the Region are discussed, such as: the formulation of evidence-based policies, mobilization and appropriate allocation of resources, active participation of all stakeholders, government commitment to legislation, education and international collaboration
Assuntos
Neoplasias , Efeitos Psicossociais da Doença , Países em Desenvolvimento , Incidência , Prevalência , Distribuição por Sexo , Prioridades em Saúde , Organização Mundial da SaúdeRESUMO
We conducted a national household survey to estimate the prevalence and causes of hearing impairment in Egypt. From 6 randomly selected governorates [Alexandria, Dakahlia, Luxor, Marsa Matrouh, Minia and North Sinai], 4000 individuals were screened for hearing loss. The prevalence of hearing loss was 16.0% with no significant sex differences. There were significant differences between the age groups and governorates: Marsa Matrouh had the highest prevalence of hearing loss [25.7%] and North Sinai the lowest [13.5%]; those >/= 65 years had the highest prevalence [49.3%], but it was also high in those aged 0-4 years [22.4%]. Otitis media with effusion [30.8%] was the commonest cause of hearing loss, followed by presbycusis [22.7%]
