Studies on experimental chlamydial mastitis in goat histoenzymology.

Two strains of Chlamydia psittaci (one isolated from aborted goat foetus and the other from brain of a buffalo calf that had died of meningoencephalitis) were injected intracisternally into six goats to produce experimental mastitis. Cryostat sections of 7-8 microns thickness, obtained from udder, teat, liver and kidney of infected and control animals were incubated for histoenzymic demonstration of alkaline-(AKPase), acid-(ACPase) and adenosine-tri-(ATPase) phosphatases; lactate-(LDH) and succinate-(SDH) dehydrogenases and for reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate diaphorase (NADPH-D). Results demonstrated that AKPase and NADPH-D declined while ACPase accumulated in acinar cells of udder while both NADPH-D and ACPase decreased in teat sinus epithelium. Hepatic canaliculi in perilobular areas of liver lobules registered complete absence of AKPase and ATPase. Hepatocytes and renal tubules accumulated LDH, SDH and NADPH-D. The interstitial connective tissue of udder and kidney presented higher levels of AKPase. Comparison of results with biochemical alterations in the level of these enzymes revealed striking discrepancies which seem to arise because of failure of biochemical procedures to discriminate between functional cells of tissue and inflammatory cells. The functional significance of histoenzymic alterations has been discussed.

Two congenital abnormalities in domestic chickens.

During routine necropsies performed in domestic chickens, two abnormalities were noticed in adult White Leghorn female birds; one was of the sternal keel (carina), and the other was of the cecum.

Paranasal sinuses of the adult buffalo (bubalus bubalis).

In addition to sinus conchalis, four paranasal sinuses; sinus frontalis, sinus lacrimalis, sinus maxillaris and sinus palatinus have been found to occur in adult buffalo. The sinus sphenoidalis was not noticeable, whereas all other paranasal sinuses were well developed. The sinus frontalis in buffalo differs from that in ox, in that, in buffalo it does not involve any part of os-temporale; its sinus frontalis caudolateralis subdivided by the septum sinuum frontalium transversus rostralis; another transverse septum, the septum frontalium transversus caudalis separates the sinus frontalis from its diverticulum nuchale; the diverticulum nuchale is much more extensive due to well developed os parietale in this species than in ox and is further subdivisible into four subcompartments. The sinus lacrimalis, sinus maxillaris and sinus palatinus do not present much appreciable differences from those in ox. The topographic description of all the compartments, diverticulae, septae and communication of the paranasal sinuses in buffalo has been presented. The most suitable site of trephining the sinuses has been suggested.