RESUMO
A nonlinear-noise filtering method for image processing, based on the entropy concept is developed and compared to the well-known median filter and to the center weighted median filter (CWM). The performance of the proposed method is evaluated through subjective and objective criteria. It is shown that this method performs better than the classical median for different types of noise and can perform better than the CWM filter in some cases.
RESUMO
The chemiluminescence (CL) response of normal peripheral blood polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) in ascitic fluids (cirrhotic = 32; malignant = 17) was studied independently of the ascitic fluid complement activity. CL response and fibronectin levels were higher in malignant ascitic fluid than in cirrhotic ascitic fluid (p less than 0.001). Addition of pure fibronectin or malignant ascitic fluids to cirrhotic ascitic fluids increased the CL response of normal PMN. These findings suggest that the susceptibility of cirrhotic patients to spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a multifactorial defect involving factors distinct from low C3 levels. Fibronectin is an important factor in the promotion of the respiratory burst of normal PMN stimulated by opsonized zymosan or PMA in ascitic fluid. Our results suggest that low levels of ascitic fluid fibronectin could partly explain the high susceptibility of cirrhotic patients to spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.
Assuntos
Líquido Ascítico/citologia , Fibronectinas/fisiologia , Neutrófilos/metabolismo , Explosão Respiratória/efeitos dos fármacos , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Líquido Ascítico/química , Líquido Ascítico/metabolismo , Infecções Bacterianas , Suscetibilidade a Doenças , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Feminino , Fibronectinas/análise , Fibronectinas/metabolismo , Humanos , Cirrose Hepática/metabolismo , Cirrose Hepática/patologia , Cirrose Hepática/fisiopatologia , Medições Luminescentes , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neutrófilos/fisiologia , Neoplasias Ovarianas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Ovarianas/patologia , Neoplasias Ovarianas/fisiopatologia , Peritonite/epidemiologia , Peritonite/etiologia , Explosão Respiratória/fisiologia , Fatores de Risco , Neoplasias Gástricas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Gástricas/patologia , Neoplasias Gástricas/fisiopatologia , Acetato de Tetradecanoilforbol/farmacologia , Zimosan/farmacologiaAssuntos
Adipatos/urina , Encefalopatias/tratamento farmacológico , Cirrose Hepática/tratamento farmacológico , Malonatos/urina , Erros Inatos do Metabolismo/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças Musculares/tratamento farmacológico , Riboflavina/uso terapêutico , 3-Hidroxiacil-CoA Desidrogenases/deficiência , 3-Hidroxiacil-CoA Desidrogenases/metabolismo , Encefalopatias/congênito , Encefalopatias/urina , Ácidos Graxos/metabolismo , Feminino , Fibroblastos/enzimologia , Humanos , Lactente , Cirrose Hepática/congênito , Cirrose Hepática/urina , Erros Inatos do Metabolismo/urina , Doenças Musculares/congênito , Doenças Musculares/urina , Ácido Mirístico , Ácidos Mirísticos/metabolismo , Oxirredução , Ácido Palmítico , Ácidos Palmíticos/metabolismoRESUMO
A technique for the contrast enhancement of a picture is proposed. The method is derived from the entropy concept of information theory. The originality of the algorithm rests on the use of a local contrast to define the digital entropy. The basic idea of the treatment is to enhance the contrast by transforming the global entropy. The same technique can also be used for an adaptive smoothing processing.
