White Sponge Nevus: Report of a Case and Review of the Literature.

White sponge nevus is a rare benign autosomal dominant disorder with variable penetrance. It is characterized by asymptomatic white plaques affecting mainly the oral mucosa. Careful clinical and histopathological examination is indicated to exclude other more serious conditions presenting as oral white lesions. Herein, we present a new case of oral white sponge nevus in a 17-year-old Iranian male with no familial background.

Botulinum Toxin A in Treatment of Facial Flushing.

Flushing is a condition with episodic attacks of redness of the skin with a sensation of warmth or burning, this disease causes emotional and functional problems in patients. There is various treatments for this condition; one of them is the use of botulinum toxin-A (BTA). In this prospective pilot study we studied the effect of Botulinum toxin-A (BTA) effect on DLQI of patients with facial flushing, we compared the DLQI before and after treatment. The number of 24 women with facial flushing admitted to the department of dermatology of Hamadan Farshchian Hospital, with the age range of 18 to 60 was enrolled in the study. Patients completed Dermatology Quality of life Index questionnaire before and one month after treatment. In our study 1 unit of BTA was injected intracutaneously per square cm in both sides of cheeks, to a total dose of 30 units per session. All of 24 patients completed the study. The mean age was 37.79±13.13. In all patients, DLQI decreased, and in two months follow up, the mean of DLQI improved from 8.08±1.17 to 4.5±1.21 (P.value<0.005). Based on this study BTA is an effective and safe treatment for facial flushing.

Comparison between Intralesional Triamcinolone and Kligman's Formula in Treatment of Melasma.

Melasma is a common acquired skin disorder. While different treatments are currently being used, in many cases it is refractory to treatment. According to the effects of topical steroids in decreasing skin pigmentation, we studied the efficacy of this new method for treatment of melasma. A total of 42 women with facial melasma, admitted to the department of dermatology of Hamadan, were enrolled in the study. They were divided randomly into two groups (A and B), group A (case) received subepidermal triamcinolone injections with a dose of 4 mg per cc and 5 mm intervals until complete blanching of melasma lesions, and group B (control) received Kligman's formula (hydroquinone 5%, tretinoin 0.1%, and dexamethasone 0.1%). At the first visit, we completed the MASI score papers, and we repeated that at weeks 4 and 8 of the study. We followed them for two months, every two weeks. At each visit, side effects and clinical response to treatment were noted. A decrease in MASI was observed in both group (11.57 ± 4.33 vs 9.31 ± 3.75 at 4th week and vs 8.01 ± 3.1 at 8th week, P-value < 0.001 in group A, and 10.46 ± 5.61 vs 9.76 ± 5.21 at 4th week and vs 8.96 ± 4.96 at 8th week, P-value< 0.001 in group B). In comparison between 2 groups, response to treatment was much better in group A than group B (P-value<0.001). In comparison to topical treatments, based on these findings, triamcinolone microinjection is a new, safe and strong therapeutic method for treatment of melasma.

Evaluation of the young children with neurodevelopmental disability: a prospective study at hamadan university of medical sciences clinics.

OBJECTIVE: Developmental impairment is a common problem in children health that occurs in approximately 5-10% of the childhood population. The aim of this study was to determine the etiologic yield of subspecialists' evaluation of young children with developmental disability. MATERIALS & METHODS: All children aged between 2 months and 5 years referred over a 15-month period to Hamadan University of Medical Sciences subspecialty services for initial evaluation of a suspected developmental Disability, were enrolled in the present study. Diagnostic yield was determined after the completion of clinical assessments and laboratory tests requested by the evaluating physician. RESULTS: A total of 198 children (129 boys and 69 girls) were eligible for our study. 108 children had global developmental delay and 90 children had isolated developmental delay. Approximately » of all patients did not have any specific etiology for developmental disability. Cerebral palsy (CP) was the most common clinical syndrome in all patients (41.4%). Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (13.8%), brain dysgenesis (13%), genetic disorder (13%), and neurodegenerative diseases (11%) were determined in more than one half of all children with global developmental disability. in our study, "developmental speech delay" was the common cause of isolated speech delay. CONCLUSION: Determination of an underlying etiology is an essential part of specialty evaluation of young children with developmental disability. The results of this study were similar closely to the results of other studies.