[Computed tomography in pre-irradiation topometry applied to diseases of the thoracic organs]. / Komp'iuternaia tomografiia v predluchevoi topometrii pri zabolavaniiakh organov grudnoi kletki.

The authors describe methods of pre-irradiation topometry in patients with thoracic tumors. They are based on patients' examination using an X-ray simulator and a computerized tomograph. The superiority of these methods over the previously used conventional methods was shown. The authors presented 77 cases observed by them. Radiation therapy plans in 48% of the patients were changed as a result of pre-irradiation investigation.

[Optimization of eccentric rotation gamma-irradiation of the ribs]. / Optimizatsiia ékstsentricheskogo rotatsionnogo gamma-oblucheniia reber.

The authors developed a method of eccentric rotation therapy of the ribs by the Aspekt-I optimization program using for irradiation the Altai-MT gamma-apparatus with an automated control system. A mean fractionation regimen (5 fractions of 4 Gy daily) was used. An analgesic effect for 5-10 days was observed in all patients, a complete effect--1-1.5 mos. after treatment.

[Ultrasound tomography in the topical diagnosis and evaluation of results in the treatment of patients with stage III and IV ovarian cancer]. / Ul'trazvukovaia tomografiia v topicheskoi diagnostike i otsenke rezul'tatov lecheniia bol'nykh rakom iaichnikov III i IV stadii.

The paper describes an experience with ultrasonic tomography of the abdominal cavity and small pelvis in 34 cases of stage III and IV ovarian cancer who received polychemotherapy. In application of the said procedure, the topography and size of primary and disseminated tumors were ascertained and the immediate effect of medication assessed. The results of ultrasonic tomography were analysed in combination with other methods of research.

[2-dimensional ultrasonic scanning for irradiation planning]. / Ul'trazvukovoe dvumernoe skanirovanie dlia planirovaniia oblucheniia.

The paper is concerned with the results of the utilization of echotomography in the topometric preparation of patients with malignant tumors for irradiation. Proceeding from the examination of 600 cancer patients in the All-Union Cancer Research Center. USSR AMS, it has been established that echotomography makes it possible not only to define the borders of pathology in the peritoneal cavity and retroperitoneal space but also to specify the relative position of the adjacent internal organs. Some practical aspects of the use of ultrasound for topometry are discussed. A possibility of using this method for the three-dimensional planning of irradiation is indicated. Using an echotomoscope one can obtain a contour of the section of a soft phantom with an accuracy of 5 +/- 1 mm that significantly exceeds the limits of precision of a contour measured with the help of a lead band where it equals 10 +/- 7 mm. Echotomography makes it possible to get a contour in any plane. In view of certain limitations of the echotomographic method one should also resort to x-ray methods for the topometric planning of irradiation to specify the position and size of the bearing osseous structures. While converting reduced ultrasound images in the scale of 1:1 the optic method with an episcope proved to be the most accurate one where an error of reproducibility of a contour reaches 1 mm. In the use of an optical-electronic device this value exceeds 10 mm and corresponds to 4 mm while utilizing a pantograph.