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1.
Klin Khir ; (8): 9-12, 2013 Aug.
Artigo em Ucraniano | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24171280

RESUMO

Use of differentiated surgical approach to the management of surgical treatment, depending on the degree of violation of systemic hemodynamics, the timing and volume of surgical procedures, depending on the prognosis of traumatic disease course of cardiac index, interventions in the small and large intestine depending on morphological changes of the intestinal wall by cardiac and stroke indexes, put method extra-enteric anastomosis in patients with damage to the small intestine and colon combined with closed abdominal injury permitted to reduce the rate of postoperative complications from 22.2 to 10.1%, mortality at 2.1 times in shock period (from 19.3 to 9.2%) and the overall mortality from 33.3 to 21.1%.


Assuntos
Traumatismos Abdominais/cirurgia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos do Sistema Digestório/métodos , Intestino Grosso/cirurgia , Intestino Delgado/cirurgia , Traumatismos Abdominais/mortalidade , Traumatismos Abdominais/patologia , Parede Abdominal/patologia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos do Sistema Digestório/mortalidade , Coração/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Intestino Grosso/lesões , Intestino Delgado/lesões , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/prevenção & controle , Prognóstico , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Choque Traumático/mortalidade , Choque Traumático/prevenção & controle , Volume Sistólico , Análise de Sobrevida , Fatores de Tempo
2.
Neurosci Behav Physiol ; 40(7): 737-43, 2010 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20635216

RESUMO

We report here studies addressing the possibility of preventing neurodegenerative changes in the brain using adaptation to periodic hypoxia in rats with experimental Alzheimer's disease induced by administration of the neurotoxic peptide fragment of beta-amyloid (Ab) into the basal magnocellular nucleus. Adaptation to periodic hypoxia was performed in a barochamber (4000 m, 4 h per day, 14 days). The following results were obtained 15 days after administration of Ab. 1. Adaptation to periodic hypoxia significantly blocked Ab-induced memory degradation in rats, as assessed by testing a conditioned passive avoidance reflex. 2. Adaptation to periodic hypoxia significantly restricted increases in oxidative stress, measured spectrophotometrically in the hippocampus in terms of the content of thiobarbituric acid-reactive secondary lipid peroxidation products. 3. Adaptation to periodic hypoxia completely prevented the overproduction of NO in the brains of rats with experimental Alzheimer's disease, as measured in terms of increases in tissue levels of stable NO metabolites, i.e., nitrites and nitrates. 4. The cerebral cortex of rats given Ab injections after adaptation to periodic hypoxia did not contain neurons with pathomorphological changes or dead neurons (Nissl staining), which were typical in animals with experimental Alzheimer's disease. Thus, adaptation to periodic hypoxia effectively prevented oxidative and nitrosative stress, protecting against neurodegenerative changes and protecting cognitive functions in experimental Alzheimer's disease.


Assuntos
Adaptação Fisiológica , Doença de Alzheimer/prevenção & controle , Peptídeos beta-Amiloides/farmacologia , Hipóxia , Degeneração Neural/prevenção & controle , Fragmentos de Peptídeos/farmacologia , Doença de Alzheimer/induzido quimicamente , Doença de Alzheimer/patologia , Animais , Peroxidação de Lipídeos , Memória/efeitos dos fármacos , Degeneração Neural/patologia , Neurônios/patologia , Óxido Nítrico/metabolismo , Nitritos/metabolismo , Estresse Oxidativo/fisiologia , Ratos , Ratos Wistar
3.
Ross Fiziol Zh Im I M Sechenova ; 95(7): 706-15, 2009 Jul.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19803457

RESUMO

The study focused on a possibility of preventing brain neurodegeneration by adaptation to intermittent hypoxia (AH) in rats with experimental Alzheimer's disease (AD) modeled by injection of a neurotoxic bert-amyloid peptide fragment (Ab) into n. basalis magnocellularis. AH was produ- ced in an altitude chamber (4.000 m; 4 hours daily; 14 days). The following results were obtained after fifteen days of the Ab injection: (1) AH substantially prevented the memory impairment induced by Ab, which was determined using the conditioned avoidance reflex test; (2) the AH significantly restricted the enhanced oxidative stress, which was determined spectrophotometrically by thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance level in the hippocampus; (3) the AH completely prevented Ab-induced nitric oxide (NO) overproduction in brain, which was measured by tissue level of nitrite and nitrate; (4) pathologically changed and dead neurons (Niessle staining) were absent in the brain cortex of rats exposed to AH before the Ab injection. Therefore AH seems to effectively prevent oxidative and nitrosative stress thereby providing protection of brain against neurodegeneration and preservation of cognitive function in experimental AD.


Assuntos
Adaptação Fisiológica , Doença de Alzheimer/prevenção & controle , Peptídeos beta-Amiloides/farmacologia , Hipóxia , Fragmentos de Peptídeos/farmacologia , Doença de Alzheimer/induzido quimicamente , Doença de Alzheimer/patologia , Animais , Peroxidação de Lipídeos , Memória/efeitos dos fármacos , Degeneração Neural/patologia , Degeneração Neural/prevenção & controle , Neurônios/patologia , Óxido Nítrico/metabolismo , Nitritos/metabolismo , Estresse Oxidativo/fisiologia , Ratos , Ratos Wistar
4.
Bull Exp Biol Med ; 146(4): 391-5, 2008 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19489304

RESUMO

NO synthesis disturbances play an important role in the development of neurodegenerative damage in Alzheimer disease. We previously showed that adaptation to intermittent hypobaric hypoxia prevents cognitive disturbances in rats with experimental Alzheimer disease. Here we evaluated the role of NO in cognitive disorders and development of adaptive protection during experimental Alzheimer disease. Adaptation to hypoxia in rats was performed in a hypobaric pressure chamber at a simulated altitude of 4000 m (4 h per day for 14 days). Alzheimer disease was simulated by bilateral injections of a toxic fragment of beta-amyloid (25-35) into n. basalis magnocellularis. For evaluation of the role of NO in the development and prevention of memory disorders, the rats received intraperitoneally either NO-synthase inhibitor N omega-nitro-L-arginin (L-NNA, 20 mg/kg, every other day for 14 days) or NO-donor dinitrosyl iron complex (200 microg/kg daily for 14 days). NO-synthase inhibitor potentiated the damaging effect of beta-amyloid, abolished the protective effect of adaptation to hypoxia, and produced memory disorders in rats similar to those observed during experimental Alzheimer disease. In contrast, the increase in NO level in the body provided by injections of the NO-donor produced a protective effect against memory disorders caused by beta-amyloid similar to that induced by adaptation to hypoxia. We concluded that reduced NO production in the organism plays an important role in the development of cognitive disorders produced by injections of beta-amyloid, while prevention of NO deficit by administration of NO-donors or non-pharmacological stimulation of NO synthesis can provide a protective effect in experimental Alzheimer disease.


Assuntos
Doença de Alzheimer/metabolismo , Doença de Alzheimer/prevenção & controle , Transtornos Cognitivos/prevenção & controle , Degeneração Neural/induzido quimicamente , Doença de Alzheimer/induzido quimicamente , Peptídeos beta-Amiloides/farmacologia , Animais , Transtornos Cognitivos/metabolismo , Hipóxia/fisiopatologia , Ferro/farmacologia , Masculino , Degeneração Neural/metabolismo , Óxido Nítrico/antagonistas & inibidores , Óxido Nítrico/fisiologia , Óxido Nítrico Sintase/antagonistas & inibidores , Nitroarginina/farmacologia , Óxidos de Nitrogênio/farmacologia , Fragmentos de Peptídeos/farmacologia , Ratos , Ratos Wistar
5.
Vestn Ross Akad Med Nauk ; (2): 50-5, 2007.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17396563

RESUMO

The aim of the study was to compare the protective effects of adaptation to altitude hypoxia (AH) on neurodegenerative brain disorders (NBD) induced with infusion of beta-amyloid peptides (Abeta) into the brain (imitation of Alzheimer's disease) of rats belonging to two species: Wistar rats (WR) and August rats (AR). Previously it was shown by the authors that WR were less resistant to memory function impairment and open-field activities, induced with Abeta infusion compared with AR. This study showed that preliminary AH significantly restricted brain function impairment induced by Abeta in WR, so AH demonstrated the protective effect in WR. In contrast, in AR preliminary AH provoked those impairments induced by Abeta. The AH protective effect in WR was associated with activation of stress-limiting systems (antioxidant system, NO system). Lack of AH protective effect in AR was associated with lack of activation of these systems in these rats. Thus, the different AH effects on NBD development in WR and AR are obviously determined by hereditary peculiarities of stress-limiting systems in WR and AR.


Assuntos
Adaptação Fisiológica/fisiologia , Encéfalo/patologia , Hipóxia/genética , Imunidade Inata/fisiologia , Doenças Neurodegenerativas/patologia , Animais , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos Endogâmicos , Ratos Wistar
6.
Bull Exp Biol Med ; 144(2): 174-7, 2007 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18399273

RESUMO

Preadaptation of cultured HT22 mouse hippocampal neurons to oxidative stress prevented cell damage induced by severe oxidative stress. This protection manifested in a decrease in metabolic disturbances in neurons. Adaptation of neurons to oxidative stress was accompanied by accumulation of HSP32 and HSP70. HSP synthesis inhibitor quercetin abolished the protective effect of adaptation under conditions of oxidative stress. Activation of HSP70 synthesis in neurons is an important mechanism for adaptive protection of cells.


Assuntos
Proteínas de Choque Térmico HSP70/metabolismo , Proteínas de Choque Térmico/metabolismo , Hipocampo/metabolismo , Adaptação Fisiológica , Animais , Linhagem Celular , Hipocampo/citologia , Hipocampo/efeitos dos fármacos , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/toxicidade , Camundongos , Neurônios/efeitos dos fármacos , Neurônios/metabolismo , Estresse Oxidativo
7.
Bull Exp Biol Med ; 144(4): 507-10, 2007 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18642699

RESUMO

The stress response and NO production in reprogrammed proinflammatory or antiinflammatory alveolar macrophages were studied after lipopolysaccharide treatment. Experiments with macrophages not containing HSP70 showed that lipopolysaccharide in a dose of 500 ng/ml induced stress response in cells with the proinflammatory phenotype (as distinct from an antiinflammatory phenotype). The stress response was not observed in HSP70-containing lipopolysaccharide-stimulated proinflammatory macrophages, but occurred in cells with antiinflammatory phenotype. Hence, the presence of HSP70 in alveolar macrophages results in the inversion of the phenomenon of reprogramming of the stress response. Independently on the phenotype, stimulation with lipopolysaccharide was accompanied by a 60-70% increase in NO production by macrophages not containing HSP70. However, NO production by HSP70-containing macrophages did not increase in response to lipopolysaccharide treatment. Our results indicate that reprogramming of the cell response in macrophages does not concern the system for NO synthesis. HSP70 prevents the lipopolysaccharide-induced activation of NO synthesis in alveolar macrophages.


Assuntos
Lipopolissacarídeos/farmacologia , Macrófagos Alveolares/efeitos dos fármacos , Macrófagos Alveolares/metabolismo , Animais , Células Cultivadas , Proteínas de Choque Térmico HSP70/metabolismo , Macrófagos Alveolares/citologia , Óxidos de Nitrogênio/metabolismo , Ratos , Ratos Wistar
8.
Bull Exp Biol Med ; 141(4): 404-6, 2006 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17152355

RESUMO

We studied the role of nitric oxide in the stress response and apoptosis. Intracellular nitric oxide potentiated the stress response. However, intracellular nitric oxide suppressed the stress response in macrophages of proinflammatory and antiinflammatory phenotypes. Intracellular nitric oxide promoted apoptosis in macrophages of the proinflammatory phenotype, but inhibited this process in cells of the antiinflammatory phenotype. Exogenous nitric oxide synthesized by macrophages protected them from lipopolysaccharide-induced apoptosis. Our results indicate that nitric oxide produces various effects on the stress response and apoptosis in macrophages, which depends on modus operandi.


Assuntos
Apoptose , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Óxido Nítrico/metabolismo , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Células Cultivadas , Fragmentação do DNA , Inflamação , Lipopolissacarídeos/metabolismo , Ativação de Macrófagos , Camundongos , Fenótipo
9.
Bull Exp Biol Med ; 139(5): 540-2, 2005 May.
Artigo em Inglês, Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16224544

RESUMO

In Wistar and August rats characterized by different resistance to acute emotional stress we compared the resistance to neurodegenerative brain damage (model of Alzheimers disease) produced by administration of a neurotoxic peptide fragment (25-35) beta-amyloid into the brain. August rats were more resistant to acute stress and development of neurodegenerative disorders compared to Wistar rats. This conclusion was derived from studying animal behavior in conditioned passive avoidance task and open-field test that characterize cognitive function of the brain. Administration of beta-amyloid modulated the behavior of Wistar rats, which reflected the impairment of memory and orientation and exploratory activity in these animals. These disturbances in Wistar rats were accompanied by activation of lipid peroxidation in the hippocampus.


Assuntos
Doenças Neurodegenerativas/patologia , Ratos Endogâmicos , Ratos Wistar , Peptídeos beta-Amiloides/metabolismo , Animais , Aprendizagem da Esquiva/fisiologia , Comportamento Animal/fisiologia , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Hipocampo/metabolismo , Hipocampo/patologia , Peroxidação de Lipídeos , Malondialdeído/metabolismo , Memória/fisiologia , Doenças Neurodegenerativas/metabolismo , Ratos , Estresse Psicológico
10.
Vestn Khir Im I I Grek ; 143(11): 26-8, 1989 Nov.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2633428

RESUMO

The condition of the "tumor field" in cancer of the rectum was studied. The work was performed on 28 preparations of the resected and extirpated rectum as serial paraffin sections in 8 radial directions for a distance of 10 cm from the visible margin of the tumor. The "tumor field" border at the distal direction is not less than 3.5-4 cm with the exophital growth and 4-5 cm with the endophital growth. The "tumor field" contours resemble an ellipse with excentricity in the proximal direction.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Retais/cirurgia , Reto/cirurgia , Humanos , Invasividade Neoplásica , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Neoplasias Retais/patologia , Reto/patologia
11.
Vestn Khir Im I I Grek ; 144(8): 38-42, 1989 Aug.
Artigo em Russo | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2603305

RESUMO

The surgical treatment of rectum cancer in 165 patients with the apparatus AKA-2 for compressive anastomoses was analyzed. The oncological adequacy of proximal resections of the rectum at the distal level of the section not less than 3.5-5 cm from the visually seen margin of the tumor depending on its growth type was shown. Low anterior resection of the rectum in patients with considerable size of the tumors is not oncologically justified.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Retais/cirurgia , Reto/cirurgia , Adulto , Idoso , Canal Anal/cirurgia , Anastomose Cirúrgica/métodos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Neoplasias Retais/patologia , Reto/patologia
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