Comprehensive Assessment of the Genotype-Environment Interaction and Yield Stability of Boro Rice Genotypes under Four Environments in Bangladesh Using AMMI Analysis.

Yield stability, alongside high yield potential and broad adaptation to various agroclimatic environments, is a key objective for rice breeders aiming to ensure food security. This study aimed to explore the most suitable and stable Boro rice genotypes for Bangladesh. Ten Boro rice genotypes underwent testing in four environments during the 2022 Boro season to investigate genotype-environment interaction (GEI) and yield stability performance. The experiment utilized three replications of a completely randomized block design. Yield stability performance was assessed through combined analysis and the additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) model. The combined ANOVA revealed that the environment explained 10.23%, while GEI accounted for 9.17%, and the genotypes captured 80.60% of the variance, significantly impacting grain yield. Significance was observed in the environment, genotype main effects, and GEI. Analysis indicated that BRRI dhan 68 yielded the highest (6,754 kg·ha-1) and BRRI dhan 88 the lowest (5,620 kg·ha-1) among the investigated genotypes. In addition, genotypes BRRI dhan 84, BRRI dhan 81, and BRRI dhan 67 exhibited the highest grain yields. The Rangpur environment demonstrated considerable stability across the four environments with a high mean value of grain yield (7,206 kg·ha-1). Therefore, the AMMI model emerges as a valuable tool for identifying the most suitable and stable Boro rice genotypes with high-yielding potential across various regions in Bangladesh, as well as under diverse conditions.

Evaluating the impact of Trichoderma biofertilizer and planting dates on mustard yield performance using the InfoCrop growth model.

A crop simulation model is adopted to calculate the potential yield in a certain location. The data sets generated in each scenario (2021-2022) were used to evaluate the InfoCrop model. A field experiment using a randomized complete block design was conducted at the Agronomy Department's research field, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University. The following two factors: 1) factor A: sowing dates (Planting date 1: PD1 = 5th November and Planting date 2: PD2 = 15th November 2021) and 2) factor B: Trichoderma biofertilizers (T1 = control, T2 = 50% chemical fertilizer + 2,000 kg ha-1 Trichoderma biofertlizer, T3 = fully chemical fertilizer; and T4 = fully 3,000 kg ha-1 Trichoderma biofertilizer). Three BARI (Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute) released varieties (V1 = BARI Sarisa-14, V2 = BARI Sarisa-16, and V3 = BARI Sarisa-17) used for the completion of the experiment. The Trichoderma biofertilizer and planting dates had a significant influence on yield and yield attributes of mustard. Results showed that plant height, leaf width, leaves per plant, pods per plant, harvest index, maturity date, and yield were significantly affected by Trichoderma biofertilizer treatments, two different conditions, and varieties. The regression analysis indicated a significant linear relationship between two different growing conditions especially for harvest index PD2>PD1 (0.88>0.83), grain yield (0.94>0.90), flowering date (0.95>0.91) and maturity date (0.95>0.90). It was found that the model significantly overestimated all the parameters with an acceptable error range (<15%) while growth and yield characteristics including flowering and maturity dates and yield were simulated and results were compared to observed data. BARI Sarisa 16 had the highest simulated yield of 2.5 t ha-1 and showed a high yielding variety among the used varieties in the experiment. As a result, it can be concluded that if the InfoCrop growth model is carefully calibrated, it will be an excellent tool for evaluating and identifying the best yielding variety.

Effects of foliar fertilizer application on the growth and fruit quality of commercial melon varieties grown in a soilless culture system.

Several factors influence the quality of melon fruits and foliar fertilizer application is one method for improving their quality. The objectives of this study were: (1) to investigate the response of commercial melon varieties to a soilless culture system in Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand, and (2) to evaluate the quality of melon fruit under various foliar fertilizer treatments. The experiment was arranged as a completely randomized block design with four replications. Eight commercial melon varieties, including four orange pulp melons (Sandee, Baramee, Sanwan, and Melon cat 697) and four green pulp melons (Kissme, Snowgreen, Melon Princess, and Kimoji), were used in this study. At 1-5 weeks after planting, the growth of the melons was measured using agronomic traits. Four foliar fertilizers (distilled water, micronutrients, secondary nutrients + micronutrients, and amino acid + micronutrients) were sprayed on the melon leaves at 1-5 weeks after pollination, and the growth of the melons, using fruit traits, was recorded. After harvesting, the melons were assessed for the quality of the fruit. This study was conducted at the School of Agricultural Technology and Food Industry's greenhouse and the Food Chemistry Laboratory of the Center for Scientific and Technological Equipment, Walailak University. In nearly all of the observed growth weeks, the data demonstrate that most agronomic and fruit traits were significantly different between the melon varieties. Sandee, Baramee, Melon cat 697, and Melon Princess are recommended for planting under Nakhon Si Thammarat's climate, based on fruit size and quality. Foliar fertilizer application impacted the shape, skin color, and quality of the melon. Melons treated with micronutrients, secondary nutrients and micronutrients, and amino acids and micronutrients exhibited better measures of fruit quality than those treated with non-foliar treatments. There was also an interaction observed between melon variety and foliar fertilizer application. Based on measures of fruit quality, Baramee, Melon cat 697, Kissme, and Melon Princess were more responsive to foliar fertilizer application than other melon varieties tested.