Training of Pelvic Floor Muscle Training Improves the Severity and Quality of Urine Incontinence and Increases Social Participation of Older Women in Southern Iran.

BACKGROUND: Aging and gender are risk factors for urine incontinence, which can lead to psychological, physical, and social complications. OBJECTIVE: This community-based study investigates the effectiveness of pelvic floor muscle training on the severity and quality of urine incontinence and social participation of older women. METHODS: This quasi-experimental community-based study was performed with the participation of 60 older women referring to the Public Health Center in Kerman City, southern Iran. The experiment group was trained with pelvic floor muscle training in 7 training sessions with distance health education in the second half of 2021. Before and after the intervention, data were collected based on: demographic, severity and quality of urine incontinence, and social participation inventories. Data were analyzed using a t-test and ANOVA (P ≤ 0.05). RESULTS: The mean scores of severity and quality of urine incontinence and social participation in the experiment and control groups before receiving the intervention were not statistically significant (P ≥ 0.05). But after that, a statistically significant difference was observed between the groups (P <0.05), which showed an improvement in the severity and quality of urine incontinence scores as well as SP in the experiment group. CONCLUSIONS: Tele-training of the Kegel exercise, even during the pandemic, can play an important role in improving incontinence and social participation in older women. Therefore, this training can be used to prevent and improve urine incontinence in public health centers in the community.

Improving service delivery using the self-reporting of errors by midwives and midwifery student.

INTRODUCTION: Reporting medical errors is one of the common methods for identifying and preventing mistakes in-hospital care. This study was conducted to identify the status of reporting and related factors in two groups of midwives and midwifery students. METHODOLOGY: This research was analytic correlational; it was conducted among all the midwives working in the midwifery and labor departments and midwifery students in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. The data collection tool included a checklist of errors and the researcher-construed questionnaires of awareness and attitude toward reporting errors. The results were examined using descriptive and inferential statistics (ANOVA, Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficient, and independent t-test) by SPSS software version 20. RESULTS: In this research, the error reporting in midwifery staff was 79.1% and the most frequent error was related to the patient's process of testing; the error reporting among the students was 90% and the most frequent error occurred in the labor processes. The present study also showed that there was a direct relationship between awareness and attitude toward reporting medical errors (P < 0.001), while there was not a significant relationship between the midwifery students' awareness and attitude toward reporting the medical errors (P = 0.31). CONCLUSION: According to the study, hospital midwives reporting is less than midwifery students. Accordingly, it is recommended to focus on the error and risk management committee to strengthen the reporting system.

A systematic review of the efficacy of alternative medicine in the treatment of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy.

To assess the efficacy alternative medicine in the treatment of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP), three major databases of PubMed, Cochrane Library and Scopus were systematically searched since inception until January 14 2019 to investigate the effects of herbal medicines on NVD. The quality assessment of studies was performed according to Jadad scale. All studies showed that ginger had a positive effect on nausea in pregnant women. Unlike others studies, one study reported that ginger was not beneficial to the treatment of vomiting. Herbal medicines such as matricaria chamomilla, elettaria cardamomum, pomegranate and spearmint syrup, lemon provide safe and effective medical alternatives for treating pregnant women with mild to moderate NVD. The results suggested that ginger were more effective than vitamin B, but at the dose of 35-500 mg ginger, vitamin B6 and ginger had identical effect. However, over a longer treatment period (60 days), vitamin B6 was proved to be more effective than ginger. The same effect was observed in the comparison of quince and vitamin B6 as well as ginger and doxylamine plus pyridoxine. Mentha did not generated a positive effect on nausea and vomiting. However, this finding should be considered in the light of the above limitations.IMPACT STATEMENTWhat is already known on the subject? Previous systematic reviews have shown the superiority of ginger over the placebo. Lemon, chamomile and Mentha have been found to be more effective than the placebo.What do the results of this study add? This systematic review confirmed the results of previous systematic reviews in a larger sample size. Ginger was more effective than vitamin B, but at the dose of 35-500 mg ginger, vitamin B6 and ginger had identical effect. However, over a longer treatment period (60 days), vitamin B6 was proved to be more effective than ginger.What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and further research? Matricaria chamomilla, elettaria cardamomum, pomegranate and spearmint syrup, lemon and ginger can be recommended to pregnant women for alleviation of NVP.

Evaluating the Effective Factors for Reporting Medical Errors among Midwives Working at Teaching Hospitals Affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences.

BACKGROUND: Recently, evaluation and accreditation system of hospitals has had a special emphasis on reporting malpractices and sharing errors or lessons learnt from errors, but still due to lack of promotion of systematic approach for solving problems from the same system, this issue has remained unattended. This study was conducted to determine the effective factors for reporting medical errors among midwives. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This project was a descriptive cross-sectional observational study. Data gathering tools were a standard checklist and two researcher-made questionnaires. Sampling for this study was conducted from all the midwives who worked at teaching hospitals affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences through census method (convenient) and lasted for 3 months. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics through SPSS 16. RESULTS: Results showed that 79.1% of the staff reported errors and the highest rate of errors was in the process of patients' tests. In this study, the mean score of midwives' knowledge about the errors was 79.1 and the mean score of their attitude toward reporting errors was 70.4. There was a direct relation between the score of errors' knowledge and attitude in the midwifery staff and reporting errors. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the results of this study about the appropriate knowledge and attitude of midwifery staff regarding errors and action toward reporting them, it is recommended to strengthen the system when it comes to errors and hospitals risks.