[Induction of immunologic deficiency by benzene and its correction by administration of anabol]. / Induktsiia immunodefitsita benzolom i ego korrektsiia vvedeniem anabola.

Cellular immunity and activity of enzymes of xenobiotic metabolism have been investigated. It has been shown that administration of benzene induces a stable immune deficiency syndrome characterized by a decrease in the quantity if antibody-forming cells, T-killers and T-suppressors. The activity of enzymes (cytochrome P-450 and cytochrome C reductase) was also inhibited. It has been shown that anabol can stimulate the parameters of cellular immunity and enzyme activity. Benzene intoxication was demonstrated to be a model of immune deficiency syndrome similar to the clinical pattern. Anabol was shown to be an effective immunomodulator.

[Effect of T-activin on enzymes in the metabolism of xenobiotics]. / Vliianie T-aktivina na fermenty metabolizma ksenobiotikov.

Effect of T-activin on some xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes and several immunity parametres in secondary immune deficiency (subacute and chronic benzene intoxication) were investigated. T-activin was shown to regulate the xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme system. The compound decreased the enzymatic activity in subacute benzene intoxication, approaching their values up to the control level. In chronic benzene intoxications, which were accompanied by decrease in xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes activity, except of glutathione-S-transferase, T-activin stimulated these enzymes. At the same time, T-activin increased some immunological parameters in these models. Thymus-tropic peptides appear to be the bioregulators of some in vivo systems.

[Change in immunological and biochemical parameters in germ-free animals in response to T-activin]. / Izmenenie nekotorykh immunologicheskikh i biokhimicheskikh parametrov pod deistviem T-aktivina u bezmikrobnykh zhivotnykh.

The influence of immunoregulating humoral thymus factor T-activin (fraction AFT-6) on the activity of xenobiotic metabolism enzymes (EMX) and cellular-dependent cytotoxicity was investigated in germ-free guinea-pigs. Germ-free and conventional animals were injected 5 micrograms of T-activin intraperitoneally, on 3 successive days. The control animals were injected a physiologic saline. A day after the last injection the animals were killed, and EMX and K cell activity was measured. It was found that EMX activity in germ-free animals was decreased. T-activin stimulated cytochrome P-450, NADP-cytochrome-C-reductase, glutathione-S-transferase, benzopyrene hydroxylase and epoxyhydrase activity. In conventional animals the activity of these enzymes remained unchanged under the influence of T-activin. K-cell activity in germ-free animals was decreased, as compared to conventional guinea-pigs. Under the influence of T-activin the parameter increased and stood at about 70% of normal values.

[New approaches to the diagnosis of chronic bronchitis. The interrelation of functional and immunological disorders]. / O novykh podkhodakh k diagnostike khronicheskogo bronkhita. Vzaimosviaz' funktsional'nykh i immunologicheskikh narushenii.

A subpopulation study of immunocompetent cells was carried out in 76 patients with chronic bronchitis, using monoclonal antibodies OKT 3, OKT 11, OKT 4, OKT 8, OKT 6, OKT 10, OKB 7, OKM 1, OKIa 1 and Leu 7. Detailed investigation of external respiratory and cardiovascular functions was done simultaneously. Four types of immune response were identified in relation to immunity control: individuals with a high immunoregulatory index (T helper/T suppressor ratio) due to a profound deficiency of the T suppressor subpopulation; patients with a decreased immunoregulatory index due to low quantity of T helpers; 3) patients with chronic bronchitis and normal immunoregulatory index in the presence of normal or moderately reduced quantities of T helpers and T suppressors, and 4) patients with a low immunoregulatory index due to increased T suppressor subpopulation. Relationship between the clinical pattern of the disease, and immunologic and functional disorders was examined. The identified types of immune response are shown to correspond to various functional classes descriptive of stages in the development of chronic pulmonary heart.

[The enzyme spectrum of the peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with nonspecific lung diseases]. / Fermentnyi spektr limfotsitov perifericheskoi krovi u bol'nykh nespetsificheskimi zabolevaniiami legkikh.

The data on the activity of the enzymes of xenobiotic metabolism in peripheral blood lymphocytes point to essential disorders within the system of detoxification in patients with bronchopulmonary pathology. The necessity of cultivating cells with mitogens before measurement of the activity of the enzymes of xenobiotic metabolism of the first phase (cytochrome P-450, cytochrome C-reductase) for more precise measurement and reproducibility of the results is discussed. Study of the activity of cytosol enzymes of the second phase (glutathione-S-transferase, sulfotransferase) does not require preliminary cell cultivation. The authors emphasize the importance of studying the enzymes of xenobiotic metabolism to individualize the treatment and choose optimal drug doses.