Total and Abdominal Adiposity and Hypertension in Indigenous Women in Midwest Brazil.

BACKGROUND: Obesity is a major risk factor for hypertension, and abdominal fat in particular has been more strongly associated with cardiovascular diseases and its prevalence has increased in Brazilian indigenous populations. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of hypertension among indigenous women and its association with total and abdominal obesity after adjustment for confounding factors. METHODS: This cross-sectional study evaluated indigenous non-pregnant women aged 20-59 years living in two villages of the indigenous reserve of Dourados, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Data were collected by trained interviewers. Households were visited and were selected by simple random sampling using SPSS software version 21. The casting of lots was performed from a list of households located on a map of villages. To locate the selected households, a Global Positioning System device was used. A questionnaire was used to obtain data on socio-demographic, lifestyle and health-related variables and to obtain anthropometric data on weight, height, and waist circumference (WC). Blood pressure was measured twice during home visits. RESULTS: Data were collected between June and October 2013 with 362 women. Most of them were aged <40 years (66.3%) and had low educational level (≤4 years of schooling, 82.0%), had overweight/obesity (74.0%), WC ≥80 cm (83.7%), and family history of hypertension (60.5%). The prevalence of hypertension was 42.0% (CI 95%: 37.0-47.2). In the multivariable analysis, respondents with WC 80-87 cm and ≥88 cm showed approximately 2 times higher prevalence rates of hypertension compared with those with WC <80 cm after adjusting for confounding factors. There was no association between body mass index (BMI) and hypertension in this study. CONCLUSIONS: The overall prevalence of hypertension was high and associated only with abdominal adiposity but not with BMI.

Compreendendo o cotidiano profissional do enfermeiro-líder / Understanding the daily work of the nurse-leader

Estudo do tipo qualitativo, da modalidade Análise Temática, que teve como objetivo apreender a percepção de enfermeiros-líderes de uma instituição de ensino público sobre o seu trabalho. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevista gravada, com cinco enfermeiros, durante o mês de novembro de 2009. Após organização e análise dos dados, emergiram as categorias temáticas fatores que intervêm positivamente na atuação do enfermeiro-líder; fatores que intervêm negativamente e; influência do estilo de liderança na vida pessoal e profissional do enfermeiro-líder Dentre os fatores que se destacaram constam: na primeira categoria, a inexperiência da equipe e o trabalho exaustivo; na segunda, as boas condições de trabalho, de remuneração e características pessoais do enfermeiro e; na terceira, a interferência ou não do cargo na qualidade de vida. Concluiu-se que na instituição investigada, de modo geral, o enfermeiro-líder percebe o seu trabalho como possibilidade de se desenvolver e crescer profissionalmente.