[Role of quality control for improvement of blood components in the Regional Blood Centre of Ouagadougou in Burkina Faso, 2014]. / Apports du contrôle qualité produits finis dans l'amélioration de la qualité des produits sanguins labiles au Centre régional de transfusion sanguine de Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso), 2014.

OBJECTIVES: In Burkina Faso, blood components must comply with national standards. Then, all Transfusion services must implement a quality control process to ensure compliance. Our study aims to establish the main characteristics of blood components of the regional transfusion center of Ouagadougou, and evaluate the capability of this center to improve its manufacturing process. METHODS: We conducted from marsh to December 2014 a pre-post study, assessing blood components' characteristics before and after the implementation of a six months' improvement plan. The assessed parameters were: volume, hematocrit (Ht) and hemoglobin (Hb) levels in RBCs; volume and the number of platelets in PPCs; and volume and concentration of clotting factor VIII in fresh frozen plasma (FFP), respectively. Three hundred and twelve RBCs and 280 PCs were randomly selected for the first series of controls, and 215 RBCs, 54 PCs and 60 FFP were selected for the second series of controls. We compared the mean values of the components parameters and the overall non-compliance rates for each series. RESULTS: The average Hb level of RBCs was respectively 47.8±8.9g and 54.7±7.2g in the first and second series compare to a standard of≥40g. Non-compliance rates of Hb level decreased significantly from 17.6% to 1.4%. For PCs units, the mean number of platelets was 0.14±0.10×1011 and 0.30±0.15×1011 in the first and second period compare to a standard of 0.5×1011. Non-compliance rates for platelets number were high 97.1% and 72.2%. CONCLUSION: The study demonstrates that only RBCs complied with national standards. The study also demonstrates the capability of CRTSO to improve blood components' processing even if for PCs and FFP, NC rates remain high. QC must be maintained and expanded to the others regional blood centers of the country.

[Implementation of hemovigilance in Sub-Saharan Africa]. / Mise en place de l'hémovigilance en Afrique subsaharienne.

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: Hemovigilance being an essential part of blood transfusion safety, many countries have set legislation for its organization and its establishment. In Sub-Saharan Africa, where transfusion practice is facing many challenges, hemovigilance does not always appear as a priority. Nevertheless, in 2000, Burkina Faso decided to reorganize its blood transfusion system according to the World Health Organisation recommendations and other international standards. A national blood transfusion center and regional blood transfusion centers were created. From 2005 to 2009, a hemovigilance pilot project was conducted by the regional blood transfusion center of Bobo-Dioulasso. METHODS: The implementation of this hemovigilance project included the following steps: training of medical and paramedical personnel of the health facilities provided with blood and blood products by the regional blood transfusion center, distribution of post transfusion and hemovigilance forms, and the creation of a hemovigilance and transfusion committee. RESULTS: During the period 2005-2009, 34,729 blood products were distributed for 23,478 patients. The return rate of the post-transfusion and hemovigilance forms (number of files completed partially or completely and returned to the regional blood transfusion center compared to the number of units distributed) raised from 83.1 to 94.8%, the rate of traceability (rate of forms returned to the regional blood transfusion center and totally completed) raised from 71.6 to 91.6%, and the concordance between the patient for which the blood was delivered and the patient transfused moved from 92.9 to 98.0%. The notification rate of transfusion incidents raised from 1.1 to 16.1 per 1000 units transfused during that period. CONCLUSION: The implementation of a hemovigilance system is possible in the Sub-Sahara African countries. This constitutes a major element in the improvement of different steps of transfusion safety. The implementation of a hemovigilance system requires negotiations between transfusion centers and the hospital personnel, and should be facilitated by the official regulation on blood transfusion practices.

[Molecular diagnosis of acquired human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in pooled plasma from blood donors at the Regional Blood Transfusion Center in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso]. / Diagnostic moléculaire du virus de l'immunodéficience humaine acquise (VIH) sur les pools de plasmas de donneurs de sang au centre régional de transfusion sanguine de Ouagadougou (CRST-O), Burkina Faso.

STUDY OBJECTIVES: The aim of this pilot study was to investigate the use of viral genome diagnosis of HIV-1 infection in blood donors in the regional blood transfusion center in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. METHODOLOGY: This prospective study was carried out from August to December 2009 at the regional blood transfusion center in Ouagadougou (RBTC-O). Detection of HIV-1 was performed by RT-PCR on pooled plasma and individual samples from blood donors. Samples were selected based on reactivity with fourth generation ELISA. RESULTS: ELISA assays on 20 plasma pools demonstrated 10 negative samples, 8 positive and 2 undeterminable. All positive and negative ELISA tests were confirmed by RT-PCR. Findings of RT-PCR on individual samples confirmed those obtained on pooled plasma samples. For the two undeterminable pools, RT-PCR identified one as negative and the other as positive. Individual RT-PCR testing of donations contained in positive and negative pooled plasma samples confirmed negative or positive findings. CONCLUSIONS: Because of the high cost of RT-PCR, we recommend use first on minipools or individual samples from blood donors with questionable HIV-1 status to confirm status quickly and minimize loss of blood bags.

[Lack of knowledge among blood donors in Burkina Faso (West Africa); potential obstacle to transfusion security]. / Faible niveau de connaissances des donneurs de sang au Burkina Faso; une entrave potentielle à la sécurité transfusionnelle.

BACKGROUND: The measures recommended to reduce TTD include clinical selection of donors, based on a standardized questionnaire which aims to find out antecedents and behaviours predicting transmitted diseases within donors. The effectiveness of this measure is well established in the industrialized countries where the level of education of the population may support a greater receptivity of donors about this procedure. What is happening in developing one? AIM: This study was carried out to assess knowledge attitude and behaviours among blood donors regarding blood and transfusion safety in Burkina Faso. METHODS: A cross sectional study was carried out in the blood bank of the teaching hospital of Ouagadougou. In addition to the routine questionnaire, 544 included blood donors were subjected to additional questions seeking to specify their behaviours, knowledge and attitude towards TTD diseases and screening. RESULTS: Donors were from 16 to 57 years of age (mean age : 28+/-7.9 years). The majority of donors were male (71.2%). Family donors represent 52% and first time donors 55%. About 30.8% were illiterate or of primary school level. A percentage of 14.4 donate to access HIV testing and 30.7% will donate blood immediately to check any contamination in case of exposure. There was no difference between donors having been informed about their HIV status in the past and the other donors regarding HIV, HBs Ag and VHC results. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that there is some great need for donors' education on transfusion safety. There is also need for staff training in donors' management.