RESUMO
Children with cerebral palsy (CP) experience various restrictions owing to their underdeveloped mobility. Home confinement due to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic may further increase these restrictions. We report the case of a 7-year-old boy with CP (Gross Motor Function Classification System level IV) whose motor function declined during the period when physical therapy was discontinued due to lockdown, approximately four months. At the end of the home confinement, the patient's ability to maintain a sitting posture and weight-bearing capacity of the lower extremities decreased. His Gross Motor Function Measure total score also decreased from 34.5% to 31.9%. After resuming physical therapy, the patient recovered the function status seen before the discontinuation of physical therapy, but this took almost twice as long as the confinement period. We reaffirm that frequent physical therapy is crucial for maintaining motor function in non-ambulatory children with CP. As a countermeasure for the future, urgent efforts are needed for the development of telerehabilitation.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Atlantoaxial transarticular screw fixation (TASF) is a procedure that involves inserting screws vertically into the articular processes of C1 and C2. However, this procedure is associated with a risk of injury to surrounding structures including the vertebral artery, carotid artery, pharynx, and spinal cord by misinserting K-wires or screws. This study was performed to evaluate the risk of TASF using 3-dimensional navigation-guided drilling and screw insertion tract creation. METHODS: Three patients underwent the surgical procedure using a navigation system guided by intraoperative computed tomography. The insertion tract of the screw was created using the navigation system to avoid penetration of the C1 anterior arch or damage to the vertebral artery. A blunt-tipped guide wire was used, which was safe to advance to the cortex of the anterior arch of C1. RESULTS: There were no complications or instrument failures in any of the surgeries. In each case, the total radiation dose delivered was 5.31-7.02 mGy, and total radiation exposure time was 55.6-106.8 seconds. Bone fusion was achieved in all cases. CONCLUSIONS: TASF using a navigation system for drilling is useful for accurate placement of K-wire and preventing damage of the vital structures, lowering the risk of the procedure.
Assuntos
Articulação Atlantoaxial/cirurgia , Imageamento Tridimensional/métodos , Neuronavegação/métodos , Fusão Vertebral/métodos , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Parafusos Ósseos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fusão Vertebral/instrumentaçãoRESUMO
The patients with acute leukemia occasionally present with musculoskeletal symptoms initially, including bone pain, joint pain, muscular pain, and functional impairment. Without abnormal findings of peripheral blood cell counts or smear, the correct diagnosis tends to be delayed. Magnetic resonance imaging is often performed to examine musculoskeletal abnormalities; it can simultaneously reveal the bone marrow composition with high anatomical resolution and excellent soft tissue contrast. We present 4 pediatric patients who were initially diagnosed with acute pyogenic osteomyelitis or arthritis, based on the elevated white blood cell counts and/or C-reactive protein in addition to the localized high signal intensity on T2-weighted magnetic resonance images. Finally, they were diagnosed with B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia by bone marrow examination. The period between the onset of musculoskeletal symptoms and the diagnosis of leukemia ranged from 20 days to 6 months. In all cases, the T1-weighted magnetic resonance images taken prior to detection of peripheral blood abnormality revealed diffuse low signal intensity of the bone marrow in regions adjacent or contralateral to localized musculoskeletal symptoms. These findings should raise the suspicion of leukemia even without abnormalities in peripheral blood.
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This study examined the cerebral functional lateralization, from a phonological perspective, in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and typically developing children (TDC). With near infrared spectroscopy, we measured auditory evoked-responses in the temporal areas to phonemic and prosodic contrasts in word contexts. The results of TDC showed stronger left-dominant and right-dominant responses to phonemic and prosodic differences, respectively. Furthermore, although ASD children displayed similar tendencies, the functional asymmetry for phonemic changes was relatively weak, suggesting less-specialized left-brain functions. The typical asymmetry for the prosodic condition was further discussed in terms of acoustic-physical perceptual ability of ASD children. The study revealed differential neural recruitment in decoding phonetic cues between ASD children and TDC and verified the applicability of near infrared spectroscopy as a suitable neuroimaging method for children with developmental disorders.
Assuntos
Transtorno Autístico/fisiopatologia , Cérebro/fisiopatologia , Lateralidade Funcional , Linguística , Fonética , Percepção da Fala/fisiologia , Estimulação Acústica , Circulação Cerebrovascular , Cérebro/irrigação sanguínea , Criança , Linguagem Infantil , Pré-Escolar , Sinais (Psicologia) , Potenciais Evocados Auditivos , Feminino , Humanos , Testes de Linguagem , Masculino , Espectroscopia de Luz Próxima ao Infravermelho , Fala , Acústica da FalaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To find the effective maneuver of a positional test. METHODS: We performed three different maneuvers of a positional test in 86 vertiginous patients in supine-lying position in the following order: (1) "body-only maneuver": a patient turned only his body to one side while keeping his head still; (2) "head-only maneuver": a patient turned only his head to one side while keeping the body still; (3) "head-and-body maneuver": a patient turned his head and body together to one side. Eye movement during the whole procedure was recorded by two-dimensional electronystagmography. RESULTS: Nystagmus provocation rates were 9% in "body-only maneuver", 16% in "head-only maneuver", and 33% in "head-and-body maneuver". CONCLUSION: The positional test in which patient turned his head and body together proved most effective.
Assuntos
Eletronistagmografia , Movimentos da Cabeça/fisiologia , Membrana dos Otólitos/fisiopatologia , Equilíbrio Postural/fisiologia , Reflexo Vestíbulo-Ocular/fisiologia , Vertigem/diagnóstico , Testes de Função Vestibular , Doenças do Nervo Vestibulococlear/diagnóstico , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Membrana dos Otólitos/inervação , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Decúbito Dorsal/fisiologia , Vertigem/fisiopatologia , Doenças do Nervo Vestibulococlear/fisiopatologiaRESUMO
We performed three maneuvers of the positional test in supine patients: (1) body maneuver, in which patients turned only the body to one side while keeping the head as still as possible; (2) head-only maneuver, in which patients turned only the head to one side while keeping the body still; and (3) head and body maneuver, in which patients turned the head and body together to one side. The nystagmus provocation rates of those three maneuvers among 86 vertiginous patients were 9% in the body maneuver, 16% in the head-only maneuver, and 33% in the head and body maneuver, respectively. We proved that performing the positional test by turning the head and body together is very effective in provoking positional nystagmus.
Assuntos
Eletronistagmografia , Movimentos da Cabeça , Orientação , Decúbito Dorsal , Vertigem/diagnóstico , Testes de Função Vestibular , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Sensibilidade e EspecificidadeRESUMO
We have reported that a change in muscle fibre type distribution is present in two strains of diabetic rats (Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty and Goto-Kakizaki rats). In this study, we determined whether the change in soleus muscle fibre type distribution was caused by diabetes, using obese, diabetic (Zucker diabetic fatty, ZDF), obese, non-diabetic (Zucker fatty, ZF) and non-diabetic, non-obese rats (Zucker lean, ZL). Moreover, we investigated whether the gene expression levels of metabolic key molecules, namely the transcriptional factors of metabolic genes, exemplified by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1alpha (PGC-1alpha), and the oxidative enzymes in mitochondria, exemplified by succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), were changed in type I and II muscle fibres in each type of rat, using the new technique of laser capture microdissection (LCM). Both plasma glucose and glucosylated haemoglobin levels were significantly higher in ZDF than in ZL and ZF rats. A lower percentage of type IIA fibres was observed in the muscles of ZDF rats than in those of ZL and ZF rats. The mRNA expression levels of SDH in type II fibres and of PGC-1alpha in type I fibres were significantly lower in ZDF than in ZL and ZF rats as assessed by LCM and real-time PCR analysis. We have shown, for the first time, that a lower percentage of type IIA fibres was observed in ZDF rats. We have also discovered that the expression levels of the oxidative metabolism-related genes, PGC-1alpha and SDH, decreased in type I and type II fibres, respectively, of ZDF rats.
Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus/metabolismo , Expressão Gênica , Fibras Musculares Esqueléticas/química , Fibras Musculares de Contração Lenta/química , Músculo Esquelético/química , Obesidade/metabolismo , Proteínas de Ligação a RNA/análise , Succinato Desidrogenase/análise , Fatores de Transcrição/análise , Tecido Adiposo/patologia , Animais , Glicemia/metabolismo , Peso Corporal , Diabetes Mellitus/enzimologia , Diabetes Mellitus/genética , Diabetes Mellitus/patologia , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Hemoglobinas Glicadas/metabolismo , Insulina/sangue , Lasers , Masculino , Microdissecção/métodos , Fibras Musculares de Contração Rápida/química , Fibras Musculares de Contração Rápida/enzimologia , Fibras Musculares Esqueléticas/enzimologia , Fibras Musculares Esqueléticas/patologia , Fibras Musculares de Contração Lenta/enzimologia , Músculo Esquelético/enzimologia , Músculo Esquelético/patologia , Obesidade/enzimologia , Obesidade/genética , Obesidade/patologia , Tamanho do Órgão , Coativador 1-alfa do Receptor gama Ativado por Proliferador de Peroxissomo , RNA Mensageiro/análise , Proteínas de Ligação a RNA/genética , Ratos , Ratos Zucker , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Succinato Desidrogenase/genética , Succinato Desidrogenase/metabolismo , Fatores de Transcrição/genéticaAssuntos
Enterovirus/isolamento & purificação , Doença de Mão, Pé e Boca/epidemiologia , Doença de Mão, Pé e Boca/virologia , Animais , Células CACO-2 , Pré-Escolar , Chlorocebus aethiops , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Japão/epidemiologia , Masculino , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa/métodos , Células VeroRESUMO
This paper describes the design of a mobile device for examining sensorimotor timing. Control software installed in this device has facilities for storing time series data of interstimulus onset intervals, intertap onset intervals, and response duration in a comma-delimited file of ASCII text format as well as for running an experiment on synchronization tapping. The device provides a highly convenient way to allow collecting such timing data even in real situations like a kindergarten or a day care center for elderly people, given its mobile property and ease of use.
Assuntos
Pé/fisiologia , Movimento/fisiologia , Sensação/fisiologia , Pré-Escolar , Computadores , Eletrofisiologia/instrumentação , Feminino , Humanos , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
An affinity column immobilizing a decapeptide H(2)N-RGDSPASSKP-CO(2)H was used to select RGD-binding aptamers from a pool of 86-mer single-strand oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) containing a random 40-mer sequence. The enriched library thus obtained was further selected against adsorbed fibronectin and individual aptamers were monocloned in E. coli and sequenced to give a couple of highly homologous ODNs, which indeed inhibited fibronectin-integrin mediated cell adhesion.