Mean comparisons of trauma symptoms between a reproductive trauma sample and a normative sample: Toward a trauma-informed practice.

OBJECTIVE: Traditionally, adverse reproductive experiences have been described as stressful events for the individuals who experience them. However, a growing body of evidence suggests that the term "stress" minimizes this experience, and adverse reproductive experiences should be reconceptualized as reproductive trauma. Currently, there are few ways that clinicians have agreed are valid pathways to measure trauma symptoms within this population. The purpose of this study was to examine comparisons between a sample of individuals who have experienced reproductive trauma to a normative sample utilizing the Posttraumatic Checklist for the DSM-V (PCL-V). METHOD: This study utilized a descriptive observational design. Participants indicated what form of adverse reproductive events they had experienced (with options including infertility, miscarriage, stillbirth, premature birth, complicated pregnancy, and distress during delivery), and then completed the PCL-V regarding their experience with this event. These data were compared with a PCL-V normative sample using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) models. RESULTS: Significant mean differences between the reproductive trauma groups and the normative group were found for at least one subscale (intrusion, avoidance, arousal, or changes in mood and cognition) for the infertility group, multiple miscarriages, stillbirth, complicated pregnancy, premature birth, and distress during delivery. Premature birth, distress during pregnancy, and stillbirth groups also noted total trauma scores significantly higher than the normative group. CONCLUSIONS: Results validate the use of the term reproductive trauma, despite constraints presented by Criteria A of PTSD in the DSM-V. Results also present indications for clinical treatment and diagnosis for psychologists and health professionals working with this population. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

Evaluation of LigaTie device for total lung lobectomy in small breed dogs - An ex vivo study.

This study aimed to evaluate an effectiveness of airway-sealing techniques used in total lung lobectomies in small dog breeds. Total lung lobectomies were performed on five canine cadavers weighing 2.5-8 kg. Airway-sealing techniques were performed on two randomly selected lobes per cadaver. The airway-sealing techniques consisted of traditional suture ligation, Endoloop, and LigaTie. After applying all surgical methods, bronchial stump was collected from the tongue and prepared. The effectiveness of each airway-sealing technique was evaluated by submerging the bronchial stumps in saline, followed by intubation to gradually increase the airway pressure to 80 cmH2O to identify the presence of air leakage in each lobe. Seven of the ten lobes in the traditional suture ligation group had a leakage; the leakages were fatal in three lobes. A single fatal leak occurred in the Endoloop group, while no leakage was noted in the LigaTie group. Therefore, the LigaTie technique had a higher statistical efficacy than the traditional suture ligation (p = 0.007). In conclusion, the LigaTie application reduced the incidence of air leakage following total lung lobectomies in small dog breeds.