RESUMO
BACKGROUND: In 2014, the American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation Quality of Care Committee was asked to develop performance measures (PMs) to assess program quality and aid in program improvement and certification. METHODS: A 3-step process was used to prioritize, develop, and then validate new PMs for both cardiac and pulmonary rehabilitation programs. First, we surveyed national leadership, medical directors, and program directors to identify and rank various American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation potential PM topics. Then, the face validity of the drafted PMs was assessed in a second national survey. Finally, we assessed the inter- and intrarater reliability and feasibility of each PM by abstracting patient charts at programs throughout the United States. At each step, modifications were made to refine and improve the measures for clarity, reliability, and consistency. RESULTS: Through survey answers received from 302 people (19% response rate), we identified 5 categories for PM development: optimal blood pressure control, tobacco use cessation, and improvement in functional capacity, depression, and sensation of dyspnea. After drafting the PMs, a second survey with 82 respondents (57% response rate), found that the proposed PMs had good face validity. Finally, we found excellent inter- and intrarater reliability for the blood pressure, functional capacity, depression, and dyspnea measures (κ generally >0.80.) However, validity concerns were raised about the tobacco intervention PM as written, and it continues to undergo further refinement and testing. CONCLUSIONS: We developed and validated 5 new PMs for use in cardiac and pulmonary rehabilitation program quality assessment, improvement, and certification.
Assuntos
Reabilitação Cardíaca/normas , Pneumopatias/reabilitação , Melhoria de Qualidade , Indicadores de Qualidade em Assistência à Saúde , Atividades Cotidianas , Pressão Sanguínea , Depressão/prevenção & controle , Dispneia/prevenção & controle , Humanos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Abandono do Hábito de Fumar , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosAssuntos
Reabilitação Cardíaca/normas , Cardiologia/normas , Cardiopatias/reabilitação , Avaliação de Processos e Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde/normas , Indicadores de Qualidade em Assistência à Saúde/normas , American Heart Association , Consenso , Medicina Baseada em Evidências/normas , Cardiopatias/diagnóstico , Cardiopatias/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Recuperação de Função Fisiológica , Sociedades Médicas/normas , Resultado do Tratamento , Estados UnidosAssuntos
Cardiologia/normas , Infarto do Miocárdio sem Supradesnível do Segmento ST/terapia , Melhoria de Qualidade/normas , Indicadores de Qualidade em Assistência à Saúde/normas , Infarto do Miocárdio com Supradesnível do Segmento ST/terapia , Comitês Consultivos , American Heart Association , Consenso , Medicina Baseada em Evidências/normas , Humanos , Infarto do Miocárdio sem Supradesnível do Segmento ST/diagnóstico , Infarto do Miocárdio sem Supradesnível do Segmento ST/fisiopatologia , Infarto do Miocárdio com Supradesnível do Segmento ST/diagnóstico , Infarto do Miocárdio com Supradesnível do Segmento ST/fisiopatologia , Resultado do Tratamento , Estados UnidosRESUMO
PURPOSE: This study evaluated the effectiveness of a 5-day mind-body exercise (MBE) program on measures of quality of life, balance, balance confidence, mobility and gait in community-dwelling women. METHODS: The MBE program was a 5-day retreat where multiple sessions of Feldenkrais(®)-based sensorimotor movement training and walking were performed daily. Forty-six women aged 40-80 years old participated in either the MBE program or maintained normal daily activity. Two-footed eyes-closed balance, gait characteristics, mobility via the Timed Up and Go test, balance confidence and quality of life were assessed before and after the intervention. RESULTS: Women in the MBE group experienced improvements in mobility (6%; p = 0.01), stride length (3%; p = 0.008), single limb support time (1.3%; 0.006), balance confidence (5.2%; p < 0.001) and quality of life (p < 0.05) while the control group did not change. CONCLUSION: This short-term intensive program may be beneficial to women at risk of mobility limitations.
Assuntos
Terapia por Exercício/métodos , Marcha/fisiologia , Equilíbrio Postural/fisiologia , Caminhada/fisiologia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Qualidade de Vida/psicologiaRESUMO
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States (US). In addition to this, many of the risk factors of CHD, such as obesity, sedentary lifestyle, diabetes mellitus, and poor nutrition, are disproportionately high in the US. Despite the many known benefits of cardiac rehabilitation (CR), referral and participation rates in these programs are paradoxically low. Over the course of this review, we will discuss some of the many benefits of CR, some of the risk factors for CHD in the US, and factors that affect referral and participation in these programs.
Assuntos
Cardiologia , Cardiopatias/reabilitação , Cardiologia/métodos , Cardiologia/normas , Fidelidade a Diretrizes , Cardiopatias/diagnóstico , Cardiopatias/epidemiologia , Humanos , Guias de Prática Clínica como Assunto , Padrões de Prática Médica , Serviços Preventivos de Saúde , Desenvolvimento de Programas , Medição de Risco , Fatores de Risco , Comportamento de Redução do Risco , Resultado do Tratamento , Estados Unidos/epidemiologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Assessment of the reliability of performance measure (PM) abstraction is an important step in PM validation. Reliability has not been previously assessed for abstracting PMs for the referral of patients to cardiac rehabilitation (CR) and secondary prevention (SP) programs. To help validate these PMs, we carried out a multicenter assessment of their reliability. METHODS: Hospitals and clinical practices from around the United States were invited to participate in the Cardiac Rehabilitation Referral Reliability (CR3) Project. Twenty-nine hospitals and 23 outpatient centers expressed interest in participating. Seven hospitals and 6 outpatient centers met participation criteria and submitted completed data. Site coordinators identified 35 patients whose charts were reviewed by 2 site abstractors twice, 1 week apart. Percent agreement and the Cohen κ statistic were used to describe intra- and interabstractor reliability for patient eligibility for CR/SP, patient exceptions for CR/SP referral, and documented referral to CR/SP. RESULTS: Results were obtained from within-site data, as well as from pooled data of all inpatient and all outpatient sites. We found that intra-abstractor reliability reflected excellent repeatability (≥ 90% agreement; κ ≥ 0.75) for ratings of CR/SP eligibility, exceptions, and referral, both from pooled and site-specific analyses of inpatient and outpatient data. Similarly, the interabstractor agreement from pooled analysis ranged from good to excellent for the 3 items, although with slightly lower measures of reliability. CONCLUSIONS: Abstraction of PMs for CR/SP referral has high reliability, supporting the use of these PMs in quality improvement initiatives aimed at increasing CR/SP delivery to patients with cardiovascular disease.
Assuntos
Indexação e Redação de Resumos , Reabilitação Cardíaca , Avaliação de Processos e Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde , Encaminhamento e Consulta , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Prontuários Médicos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Estados Unidos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Because health care costs in the United States have been growing disproportionately compared to inflation for many years, without a clear connection to improved quality or increased access to care, employers and payers have begun to test new models of health care delivery and payment. These models are linked to the concepts of affordability, accountability, and accessibility and incorporate the premise that there must be shared responsibility for improving meaningful patient outcomes, with attention to the coordination of team-based and patient-centered care, and value for services purchased. This article explores emerging health care delivery and payment models, including expanded access to care related to the Affordable Care Act of 2010, patient-centered medical homes and neighborhoods, accountable and coordinated care organizations, and value-based purchasing and insurance design, with an emphasis on implications for cardiovascular and pulmonary rehabilitation programs and the American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation.
Assuntos
Reabilitação Cardíaca , Atenção à Saúde/economia , Custos de Cuidados de Saúde , Reforma dos Serviços de Saúde/economia , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde/economia , Pneumopatias/reabilitação , Doenças Cardiovasculares/economia , Atenção à Saúde/métodos , Reforma dos Serviços de Saúde/métodos , Humanos , Seguro Saúde/economia , Pneumopatias/economia , Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act , Assistência Centrada no Paciente/economia , Responsabilidade Social , Estados Unidos , Aquisição Baseada em Valor/economiaRESUMO
Medical directors of cardiac rehabilitation/secondary prevention (CR/SP) programs are responsible for the safe and effective delivery of high-quality CR/SP services to eligible patients. Yet, the training and resources for CR/SP medical directors are limited. As a result, there appears to be considerable variability throughout CR/SP programs in the United States in the roles, responsibilities, and engagement of CR/SP medical directors. Since the publication of the 2005 scientific statement from the American Heart Association and American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation regarding medical director responsibilities for outpatient CR/SP programs, significant changes have occurred. This statement updates the responsibilities of CR/SP medical directors, in view of changes in federal legislation and regulations and changes in health care delivery and clinical practice that impact the roles and responsibilities of CR/SP medical directors.
Assuntos
Reabilitação Cardíaca , Pessoal de Saúde/legislação & jurisprudência , Diretores Médicos/legislação & jurisprudência , Prevenção Secundária/legislação & jurisprudência , American Heart Association , Doenças Cardiovasculares/prevenção & controle , Humanos , Pacientes Ambulatoriais , Sociedades Médicas , Estados UnidosRESUMO
Medical directors of cardiac rehabilitation/secondary prevention (CR/SP) programs are responsible for the safe and effective delivery of high-quality CR/SP services to eligible patients. Yet, the training and resources for CR/SP medical directors are limited. As a result, there appears to be considerable variability throughout CR/SP programs in the United States in the roles, responsibilities, and engagement of CR/SP medical directors. Since the publication of the 2005 scientific statement from the American Heart Association and American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation regarding medical director responsibilities for outpatient CR/SP programs, significant changes have occurred. This statement updates the responsibilities of CR/SP medical directors, in view of changes in federal legislation and regulations and changes in health care delivery and clinical practice that impact the roles and responsibilities of CR/SP medical directors.