[Hygienic problems in the location of modern wind electric power stations in their design].

Hygienic aspects of the placement of wind power plants (WPP) in connection with the intensive development of wind power and the lack of systematic information on their effects of the environment and living conditions of the population are becoming more actual. In the article there are considered results of the sanitary-epidemiological expertise of the construction project of three modern large wind farm (the South - Ukrainian, Tiligulskaya and Pokrovskaya) with a total capacity offrom 180 to 500 MW of wind farms with 2.3 MW power generators of wind turbines. It is shown that in the process of wind farm construction a contamination of the environment (air soil, ground water) may take place due to the working of construction equipment and vehicle, excavation, welding and other operations, in the exploitation of wind farm there can be created elevated levels of acoustic and electromagnetic pollution in the neighborhood and emergencies with the destruction of WPP in adverse weather conditions. Based on the calculations presented in the projects, and the analysis of data on the impact offoreign windfarm on the environment it was found that the limiting factor of the influence is the wind farm noise pollution in the audio frequency range that extends beyond the territory of wind fields, electromagnetic radiation is recorded within the hygienic standards and below only in the immediate vicinity of its sources (electrical equipment and power lines). For considered modern wind farms there was grounded sanitary protective zone with dimensions of 700 mfrom the outermost wind turbines by the noise and it was recommended compliance distance of200 mfrom the wind turbine to limit any activity and people staying in times of possible emergency situations in adverse weather conditions.

[The location of wind-mill electric generating plants: hygienic aspects].

The hygienic aspects of the location of wind-mill electric generating plants become more pressing due to the intensive development of wind-power engineering. Possible risk factors from wind-mill electric generating plants that can influence the environment and the population are considered. A 400-m control area is recommended on the basis of the made calculations of an acoustic and electromagnetic pollution area, an exposure area during emergency situations, as well the field measuring data on noise from wind-mill electric generating plants with a capacity of 20 MW, by applying 100-kW wind-mill electric generating units. Further studies are proposed to improve the differentiated sizes of control areas for wind-mill electric generating plants with wind-mill electric generating units of varying capacity.

[Hygienic assessment of the risk of ambient air pollution to human health in the Ukraine's industrial towns].

The paper presents the results of a hygienic analysis of ambient air pollution in 18 industrial cities of the Ukraine in 1990, 1996, and 2003 and the calculations of noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic hazards of ambient air pollutions to human health. According to the calculated complex indices P, the cities were ranked by the magnitude of ambient air pollution (an environmental disaster area; extreme, severe, moderate, weak, and permissible pollution). The non-carcinogenic and (total indices, indices for critical organs and systems) carcinogenic risks were estimated for the populations of the studied cities in relation to the level of atmospheric pollution on their territories. Proposals are given for further development of studies.

[Hygienic evaluation of ambient air pollution in the industrial towns of the Ukraine and assessment of its risk to human health].

The paper presents the results of a hygienic analysis of ambient air pollution in 18 large industrial towns of the Ukraine in 1990, 1996, and 2003 and calculations of cancer and non-cancer risks of atmospheric pollutions to the population's health. It also provides proposals for further development of studies.

[Role of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the etiology of lung cancer morbidity among the population a of a large industrial city]. / Issledovanie roli kantserogennykh politsiklicheskikh aromaticheskikh uglevodorodov v formirovanii zabolevaemosti rakom legkogo naseleniia krupnogo promyshlennogo goroda.

The article deals with results of studies covering the levels of carcinogenic aromatic hydrocarbons including benzpyrene (an indicator) in atmosphere of various districts within an industrial city. Concentrations of toxic substances, heavy elements, radioactive aerosols in the air were also analyzed. Lung cancer morbidity among the population was studied. By means of poll among the patients the scientists revealed the duration of residence in various districts within the city, occupational background, bad habits, which preceded lung cancer. Close correlation between lung cancer incidence and air pollution with benz(a)pyrene was seen. Threshold concentrations of the carcinogen were estimated. Role of smoking and air pollution in lung cancer morbidity were determined.