[Structural and functional changes in heart under medical therapy in mental workers having arterial hypertension].

Aim of the study was to study main structural and functional parameters of heart, evaluate efficiency of treatment (Egiloc, Cardilopin, their combination) in arterial hypertension patients. Examinations including ECG, EchoCG were performed initially, in 3 and 6 months after the treatment start. The study covered 126 patients with arterial hypertension II degree, who received the medium-dose therapy, and 34 apparently healthy individuals.

[Specific cardiomyopathy in patients with hemochromatosis].

The paper contains data on specific features of cardiac involvement in primary and secondary hemochromatosis (symptomatology, echocardiographic signs, etc.) as well as on pathogenesis of hereditary hemochromatosis. Algorithm of diagnosis of hereditary hemochromatosis is also presented.

[Target organs involvement in arterial hypertension. The role of heredity and environment (study of twins)]. / Porazhenie organov-mishenei pri arterial'noi gipertonii. Rol' nasledstvennosti i sredy (bliznetsovoe issledovanie).

AIM: To elucidate relationship between hereditary and environmental factors in development of target organ damage in hypertension. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The state of myocardium, central nervous system, blood vessels (including funduscopic examination) was assessed in 64 pairs of mono- and dizygous hypertensive twins (mean age 57.2+/-3.2 years) and clinical and genetic analysis of qualitative and quantitative signs was carried out. RESULTS: Hypertensive twins had similar qualitative features of target organs involvement irrespective of duration of hypertension. Concordance of signs of target organ damage in homozygous twins was more than twice higher than that of same signs in dizygous twin pairs. Left ventricular myocardial mass and intima-media thickness were mainly determined by hereditary factors. Their contribution into overall phenotypic variability of a sign exceeded 70%.

[The role of heredity and environment in formation of 24-hour blood pressure profile in patients with hypertension (a study of twins)]. / Rol' nasledstvennosti i sredy v formirovanii sutochnogo profilia arterial'nogo davleniia u bol'nykh arterial'noi gipertoniei (bliznetsovoe issledovanie).

Twenty four hour blood pressure monitoring was carried out in 64 sex concordant pairs of monozygotic and dizygotic hypertensive twins (mean age 52.7-/+3.2 years). Clinico-genetic analysis of quantitative parameters showed that during day awake time systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressures were mainly determined by environmental factors while pulse pressure and heart rate were predominantly affected by genetic factors. Formation of parameters of variability of blood pressure and its biphasic rhythm were under the influence of random (intrafamily) environmental factors.

[Hypolipidemic effects of alisat and lipostabil in patients with diabetes mellitus]. / Gipolipidemicheskie éffekty alisata i lipostabila u bol'nykh sakharnym diabetom.

AIM: To study a hypolipidemic action of alisat and lipostabil in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Changes in blood lipids were studied in 121 NIDDM patients aged 36-66 years with compensated or subcompensated carbohydrate metabolism on sugar-reducing therapy. The latter consisted of a 52-week course of alisat (600 mg/day) or lipostabil (900 mg/day) in baseline levels of total cholesterol (TC) under 6.5 mmol/l and above 6.5 mmol/l, respectively. RESULTS: Alisat and lipostal treatments reduced TC levels from 5.4 +/- 25 to 4.77 +/- 0.12 mmol/l and from 7.07 +/- 0.24 to 5.92 +/- 0.30, LDLP cholesterol from 4.0 +/- 0.31 to 2.98 +/- 0.15 mmol/l and 5.54 +/- 0.25 to 4.04 +/- 0.34 mmol/l, respectively. Lipostabil changed LDLP cholesterol and triglycerides from 0.51 +/- 0.05 to 0.33 +/- 0.03 mmol/l and from 2.54 +/- 0.25 to 1.66 +/- 0.15 mmol/l, respectively, while HDLP cholesterol rose from 1.22 +/- 0.10 to 1.55 +/- 0.07 mmol/l. Alisat did not change significantly. CONCLUSION: Adjuvant lipostabil is recommended in combined treatment of NIDDM in marked dyslipidemia, alisat--in moderate dyslipidemia.

[Prognostic significance of baseline state of platelet aggregation and blood viscosity during gravitational plasmapheresis in patients with angina pectoris]. / Prognosticheskoe znachenie iskhodnogo sostoianiia agregatsii trombotsitov i viazkosti krovi pri provedenii gravitatsionnogo plazmafereza u bol'nykh so stenokardiei.

The study was undertaken to examine 56 patients (mean age 54.9 +/- 1.1 years) who had functional class III (n = 12), IV (n = 32), and unstable (n = 12) angina pectoris. Due to inefficacy of conservative therapy, all the patients underwent gravitation plasmapheresis (GPA). The parameters of induced platelet aggregation were examined by the Born-O'Brien method and blood viscosity on a rotor viscometer before, immediately and on days 1 and 3 after GPA. It was found that the baseline blood viscosity and platelet aggregation should be known to predict the natural history of angina in the following 1-3 days after GPA. There was a pronounced positive clinical effect in higher blood viscosity and platelet aggregation. An improvement in the clinical course of the disease and its stabilization were not observed in the baseline lower blood viscosity and platelet in patients with progressive angina.

[Effects of prolonged-action nitrates on platelet aggregation and prostaglandin formation]. / Vliianie nitratov prolongirovannogo deistviia na agregatsiiu trombotsitov i produktsiiu prostaglandinov.

Platelet aggregation and prostaglandin levels were examined in 50 patients with coronary heart disease concurrent with Functional Classes II-III angina who received nitroglycerin-retard (n = 20; Group 1), corovas (n = 20; Group 2), and placebo (n = 10; Group 3). Long-acting nitrates were found to exert a positive action on thrombocytic hemostasis as decreased platelet aggregation and reverse aggregation in 25% of the corovas-treated patients. Placebo failed to have the same action. Nitroglycerin-retard caused an increase in prostacyclin concentrations. Nitroglycerin-retard and corovas produced a clear-cut antianginal effect. They promoted the reduction in the number of anginal episodes and of nitroglycerin tablets used. No antianginal effect was absent when placebo was used.

[State of lipid metabolism, platelet aggregation and microcirculation in patients with angina pectoris during plasmapheresis treatment]. / Sostoianie lipidnogo obmena, agregatsii trombotsitov i mikrotsirkuliatsii u bol'nykh so stenokardiei v protsesse lecheniia plazmaferezom.

The paper presents the changes found in the lipid spectrum in 48, platelet aggregation in 23 and microcirculation in 35 patients with coronary heart disease after plasmapheresis. In patients with Functional Classes III and IV angina, repeated procedures of plasmapheresis were found to result in a clinical improvement of its course in 92% of the patients and in conversion to a lower functional class of angina in 71%. Massive plasmapheresis performed by the developed methods caused a significant improvement in the lipid spectrum, blood rheology, and microcirculation, which persisted for 1 to 6 months after plasmapheresis in relation to the type of hyperlipoproteinemia.

[State of the blood platelet link of hemostasis and microcirculation in patients with ischemic heart disease during plasmapheresis treatment]. / Sostoianie trombotsitarnogo zvena gemostaza i mikrotsirkuliatsii u bol'nykh ishemicheskoi bolezn'iu serdtsa pri lechenii plazmaferozom.

The paper provides the results of studies into plasmapheresis-induced changes in the thrombocytic link of hemostasis and microcirculation in 40 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Repeated sessions of plasmapheresis (P) were found to produce an inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation and to improve microcirculation in CHD patients with signs of increased platelet functional activity. In CHD patients with low platelet functional activity, the first P session was demonstrated to cause an increase in platelet functional activity whereas the subsequent sessions inhibited platelet aggregation. No significant microcirculatory improvement was seen in this group of patients. Heparin and rheopolyglucin given to control patients exerted no substantial effect on the thrombocytic link of hemostasis and microcirculation.

Platelet aggregation and prostaglandin metabolites in the blood of patients with ischaemic heart disease during antiarrhythmic treatment.

The influence of antiarrhythmic drugs (oral lidocaine, palpitine, Etacizine) on blood platelet aggregation and prostaglandin metabolites was studied in 91 patients with ischaemic heart disease. Lidocaine showed a positive, Etacizine a negative, and palpitine no effect on platelet aggregation. There was no uniform effect of lidocaine on prostaglandin metabolites; it increased the prostacycline and decreased the thromboxane levels. Palpitine increased both prostacyclin and thromboxane levels, whereas Etacizine decreased both metabolites, especially prostacyclin.

[Parameters of hemostasis in persons with neurocirculatory dystonia under conditions of "dry" immersion]. / Pokazateli hemostaza u lits s neirotsirkuliatornoi distoniei, nakhodiashchikhsia v usloviiakh "sukhoi" immersii.

Twelve volunteers, aged 45-55 years, with hypertension type neurocirculatory dystonia were exposed to 7-day "dry" immersion. Plasma, platelet and vessel hemostasis was investigated. "Dry" immersion was found to stimulate hypercoagulatory changes in the above hemostasis systems. It was also shown that the test subjects developed a slow process of readaptation.