Turkish translation and transcultural validity and reliability of an assessment tool for spasticity: Leg Activity Measure (Leg A).

BACKGROUND: The Leg Activity Measure is the only self-report measure that has been published to date that takes into account both the influence on quality of life and passive and active function in the literature. AIMS: The purpose is to examine the translation, cross-cultural adaptation validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Leg Activity Measure (Tr-LegA). METHODS: Neurological patients (n = 52) with lower limb spasticity (aged 47.09 ± 14.74 years) were enrolled. The study consisted of two stages. At the first stage, the scale was translated into Turkish and culturally adapted. Validity and reliability analyses were conducted at the second stage. Construct validity was evaluated by exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The Rivermead Mobility Index (RMI), Nottingham Health Profile (NHP), and Functional Independence Measure (FIM) were used for convergent validity. The reproducibility (test-retest reliability) was assessed by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Furthermore, the standard error of measurement (SEM) was calculated. RESULTS: EFA suggested one factor for the Passive Function and two factors for the Active Function and Impact on Quality of Life Scales (QoL). Tr-LegA Passive and Active Function Scales were correlated with the total RMI, NHP, and FIM (p < 0.05). Tr-LegA Impact on Quality of Life Scale was correlated with the RMI and NHP (p < 0.05). Tr-LegA Passive Function Scale (ICC = 0.997), Tr-LegA Active Function Scale (ICC = 0.996), and Tr-LegA Impact on Quality of Life Scale (ICC = 0.976) had good reliability. Only Passive Function Scale had a significant floor effect (25%). CONCLUSIONS: Tr-LegA is a valid and reliable multidimensional scale for passive and active function and quality of life in patients with lower limb spasticity. THE CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: NCT05182411.

The effect of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation on functional skills, muscle strength, and trunk control in children with cerebral palsy: A randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) is generally used for the lower limbs in children with Cerebral Palsy (CP). This study aimed to determine the effect of PNF and Neurodevelopmental Therapy (NDT) on functional abilities, muscle strength, and trunk control in children with CP. METHODS: Thirty spastic CP children classified as either level I-II in the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) or level I-II in the Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) were included. The PNF (n = 15) and the NDT group (n = 15) had physiotherapy for six weeks. The ABILHAND-Kids scale, the Purdue Pegboard Test (PBPT), the Nine-Hole Peg Test (9-HPT), and the Jebson-Taylor Hand Function Test (JTHFT) were employed. Pinch meters, Jamar handheld dynamometers, and digital muscular strength assessments were used. RESULTS: The PNF group increased shoulder flexion (p < 0.05), adduction (p < 0.05), elevation (p < 0.05), scapular abduction (p < 0.05), elbow extension (right) (p < 0.05), grip (p < 0.05), and pinch strengths (left p < 0.05, right p < 0.05). The PNF group had significantly lower 9-HPT (p < 0.05), JTHFT (card turning), JTHFT (simulated feeding), JTHFT (lifting light cans), and JTHFT (lifting weight cans) durations (p < 0.05), and significantly higher PBPT (right-left) PBPT (bimanual), PBPT (assembly). (p < 0.05), ABILHAND (p < 0.05), and TCMS total scores (p < 0.001). While JTHFT (simulated feeding-left), JTHFT (stacking checkers-left), JTHFT (lifting light cans-left), and JTHFT (lifting weight cans-right/left) (p < 0.05) durations decreased in the NDT group, PBPT (right) (p < 0.05) had an increase in duration. CONCLUSION: PNF improves trunk control, upper extremity functional skills, selective proximal muscle strength, and distal upper extremity muscle and grip strength.

The effect of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) and Interferential Currents (IFC) on pain, functional capacity, and quality of life in patients with multiple sclerosis: A randomized controlled, single-blinded study.

OBJECTIVE: The aim is to compare the effects of different electrical stimulations on pain, functional capacity and quality of life in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (pwMS). METHOD: 40 pwMS were included in the study, randomized by simple random method and divided into 2 groups. Low-frequency Transkutaneal Electric Stimulation (TENS) was applied to 1st group and Interferential current was applied to 2nd group for 30 min 5 days/a week for 4 weeks. For pain severity Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), for neuropathic pain the LANSS questionnaire was used. Functional capacity was evaluated with the 2-minute walk test (2MWT) and quality of life was evaluated with the 'Multiple Sclerosis International Quality of Life Scale (MusiQol)'. RESULTS: The most severe and mean VAS and LANSS results significiantly decreased, 2MWT results significiantly increased in two groups (p<0.05). A significiant increase was found in all sub-headings of the MusiQol, except for the relationship with the health system in TENS group (p<0.05). An increase was found in the total score, activities of daily living, well-being, relationship with friends, relationship with family, sexual life, rejection sub-headings of the MusiQol in IFC group (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of VAS, LANSS, 2MWT and MusiQol (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: In this study, it was found that interference current and TENS applications decrease pain and increase functional capacity. However, it was determined that TENS application was a more effective method in increasing the quality of life. CLINICALTRIALS: NCT05110586.