GCT of proximal phalanx of ring finger: a case report.

Giant-cell tumor (GCT) of bone arising from phalanx of a finger is extremely rare. Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute in their study on 900 treated cases of GCT from 1947-1997 reported only 0.9% incidence of GCT in bones of the hand. There was no case of GCT of the phalanges in that series. We report here a case of GCT of bone arising from phalanx of finger because of its very unusual location. The tumor was diagnosed on the basis of fine-needle aspiration cytology and confirmed by histopathology.

A rare case of paratesticular pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma diagnosed by fine needle aspiration: a case report.

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma of children and young adults. It represents 6.5% of all malignant tumors in pediatrics with an annual incidence of 4 to 7 cases per million children. Embryonal RMS arising in paratesticular region in young males is a common entity, however pleomorphic RMS in such location is quite rare. An eighteen year old male presented with painless right scrotal mass measuring 7 x 6 x 5 cm of two year duration, which was reported on ultrasonography as extratesticular tumor. Fine needle aspiration showed cellular smears comprising of pleomorphic population of mostly singly scattered cells and few cell aggregates. Few isolated large cells with whip like cytoplasmic processes and faint cross-striations were also seen. A diagnosis of paratesticular malignant mesenchymal tumor probably RMS was made. Tumor was removed surgically with right sided orchidectomy. On histopathology, it was reported as pleomorphic RMS. There was focal lymphatic invasion and involvement of rete testis. Immunostaining of tumor cells revealed myogenin and desmin positivity. The case is being presented because of diagnosis of RMS on Fine needle aspiration and rare occurrence of pleomorphic RMS in paratesticular location.

Microfilaria of Wuchereria bancrofti in cytologic smears: a report of 5 cases with unusual presentations.

BACKGROUND: Endemicity of filariasis in tropical countries calls for its high incidence. However, the disease is often overlooked or misdiagnosed because unusual presentations. As a result the patients are often subjected to numerous investigations before a definitive diagnosis is made. CASES: Microflaria ofWucheria bancrofti was observed in fine needle aspiration (FNA) smears of 5 cases including 1 axilla?ry lump, 1 epididymal nodule, 1 spermatic cord nodule and 2 thyroid nodules. All 5 cases presented with clinical details not diagnostic of filariasis. CONCLUSION: The importance of detecting microfilaria in unsuspected cases cannot be undermined and has been highlighted in this report. Careful screening of FNA smears might be helpful in detecting microfilaria even in patients not presenting with features characteristic of the disease. It will prevent delay in institution of specific therapy and subsequent morbidity of the patient.

Hemoglobin E disease in North Indian population: a report of 11 cases.

Hemoglobin E (beta26Glu --> Lys) is the most common hemoglobin (Hb) variant in Southeast Asia and the second most prevalent worldwide. However in India, it is prevalent in Bengal and the north-eastern region, but relatively rare in the rest of the country. Identification of this Hb variant is important, because the doubly heterozygous state for HbE and beta-thalassemia is characterized clinically by thalassemia major, a situation different from other compound heterozygous states for structural beta-chain variants and beta-thalassemia. Thus, the affected individual may be symptomatic and transfusion dependent at an early age. This paper reports four cases with Hb E trait, three cases with hemoglobin E disease and another four cases with Ebeta-thalassemia. Laboratory investigations are based on RBC indices and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). A negative correlation has been found to exist between levels of HbA(2) and RBC indices including the MCV and MCH. A similar correlation has been seen between levels of HbF with Hb, RBC count, and MCV. The main aim is to increase the awareness of this relatively rare disorder, so that it can be included in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting clinically like thalassemia intermedia or thalassemia major. This awareness may also help in prenatal diagnosis, genetic counseling and clinical management. The clinical, hematological and laboratory features of this disorder are also discussed.

Unsuspected metastatic renal cell carcinoma with initial presentation as solitary soft tissue lesion: a case report.

A 42 year old male presented with painless soft tissue mass 8x7x6.5 cm in right scapular region for 2 months. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) showed a malignant clear cell tumour. Ultrasonography (USG) abdomen revealed a heterogeneous mass m 8.6x7x8.4 at the lower pole of left kidney. USG guided FNAC from left kidney mass showed cytomorphology consistent with RCC.