[Isolated pareses of the terminal branches of the facial nerve: clinical findings, etiology and differential diagnosis]. / Isolierte Paresen der Fazialisendäste - Klinische Befunde, Ursachen und Differenzialdiagnose.

Clinical findings from 35 patients with isolated paralyses of distinct branches of the facial nerve are demonstrated. Presumably because of its position, the mandibular marginal ramus has most often been affected (n = 21) followed by buccal (n = 6) and temporal branches (n = 4). In two patients, the pattern of perioral muscular pareses was compatible with lesions of more than one branch. Causes for the facial nerve branch lesions were iatrogenic (n = 25), tumor (n = 4), trauma (n = 2), inflammatory (n = 1), idiopathic (n = 1) and congenital (n = 2). The impact of the clinical investigation to distinguish supranuclear lesions is emphasized.

[Etiologic and pathogenetic aspects of the demyelinating process in multiple sclerosis]. / Atiologische und pathogenetische Aspekte zum Demyelinisationsprozess bei der Multiplen Sklerose.

In our opinion there is no specific germ for multiple sclerosis. The pathogenic process is developed after a clinically "silent" period and results in a demyelinization process. Partially genetical aspects have to take into account for certain disease processes. Up to now both, the theory of infection as well as the neuroallergetic theory are of importance.

[A method for the standardized in vitro testing of biomaterials with bacterial cultures]. / Verfahren zur standardisierten In-vitro-Testung von Biomaterialien mit Bakterienkulturen.

The preclinical investigation of potential biomaterials requires a comprehensive profile of biological parameters. In the present paper a new in vitro test will be described which allows a standardized testing of the effect of biomaterials on the proliferation of bacteria. For this test eluates of solid materials, granulates or powders of potential biomaterials were prepared. These eluates were mixed a bacterial culture containing a definite number of microbes and incubated for 4-20 hours at 37 degrees C. The effect on bacterial growth was determined photometrically.

[Chemical characterization of Escherichia coli K 1 capsular polysaccharide]. / Chemische Charakterisierung des Escherichia coli K 1 Kapselpolysaccharides.

The exact chemical characterization of the prepared Escherichia coli K 1 capsule polysaccharide is necessary and a prerequisite for using this antigen as a screening antigen in the production of monoclonal anti-K 1-antibodies. The K 1-antigen, prepared by phenol-water-extraction, was analyzed by protein, RNA, and neuraminic acid determination. An addition, the antigen was subjected to elementary analysis, infrared- and 13C-NMR-spectroscopy, and gelchromatography. After testing the serological specificity, the K 1-antigen was identified as a high molecular polyneuraminic acid.

[Progress of research in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis by study of the cerebrospinal fluid]. / Forschungsfortschritte zur Diagnose der Multiplen Sklerose durch Liquoruntersuchung.

There are neither specific cell investigations nor immunological tests for the diagnosis of MS. Various immunological alterations occur in the course of the disease, but none is unique to MS. Accurate diagnosis remains confined to the clinical field. The diagnosis can be supported by CSF analysis. Laboratory examinations can help to determine the particular stage of the disease and provide clues to the etiology and pathogenesis. The appearance of abnormal CSF levels increases the certainty of the diagnosis.

Research approaches on the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis by CSF examination.

The diagnostic value of CSF oligoclonal IgG bands, intrathecal IgG synthesis, cytology and markers of myelin breakdown in the cerebro-spinal fluid were evaluated in multiple sclerosis. None of the various immunological alterations were unique to MS. The diagnosis depends therefore mainly on course and clinical symptoms, but can be supported by CSF analysis.

[Incidence and distribution of multiple sclerosis in Halle District]. / Zur Häufigkeit und Verteilung der Multiplen Sklerose im Bezirk Halle.

An epidemiological study of multiple sclerosis (MS) in the district of Halle, Halle-Neustadt and the area near the river Saale was carried out. We found 178 patients with a definite diagnosis in a total population of 396,529, corresponding to a prevalence of 44.9/100,000. The annual incidence rate was 2/100,000. When probable but not definitely diagnosed cases are included in the count, the estimated prevalence rises to 53.7/100,000 population.

[Diagnostic significance of computerized tomography in cerebral manifestations caused by Whipple's disease]. / Zur diagnostischen Bedeutung des Computertomogramms bei zerebraler Manifestation durch Morbus Whipple.

A woman, who died at the age of sixty, showed different clinical symptoms for more than 3 years. The disease was characterized especially by neurologic and psychical symptoms and kachexia. By autopsy a cerebral manifestation of Whipple's disease was found. The difficulties in diagnosing the main central nervous disturbances were discussed. Besides the detection of SPC-cells in the CSF and in bioptical obtained brain tissue the diagnostical importance of CT-findings increases more and more. The hitherto known and in the special literature published changes of cranial CT in Whipple's disease were reported. In the present case the cranial CT was normal.

[CNS involvement in primary angiitis--personal clinicomorphologic studies of 6 cases]. / ZNS-Beteiligung bei primärer Angiitis--Eigene klinisch-morphische Untersuchungen an 6 Fällen.

We report on the clinical symptomatology, diagnostic difficulty and inadequate possibilities for treatment of 6 patients suffering from primary agiitis of intracranial vessels. They died at age 36 to 64 years. The duration of the disease varied between 6 weeks and 11 1/2 years and was diagnosed, autoptically in all cases, as giant cell angiitis (2 cases) and, trombangiitis obliterans (4 cases). A degenerative cerebrovascular process had already been assumed clinically in four of the cases, and intracranial veins were also involved in three (very distinctly in one). The vascular disease was generalised or multilocular in four observations. Although autoimmunological processes were probably involved, the etiopathogenesis is still, in the final analysis, more or less unknown.

[Clinical manifestation of thrombendangiitis obliterans of the central nervous system]. / Zur klinischen Manifestation der Thrombendangiitis obliterans am ZNS.

It is reported on the clinical and morphological findings of two women with obliterating thrombendangiitis who finally died of the sequelae of this vascular disease at the age of 36 years and 64 years, respectively, after a 14-year and 10-month duration of the disease. Despite generalisation or multilocalisation of the disease only the cerebral symptomatology was clinically manifest. The diagnosis obliterating thrombendangiitis could be verified only by histological investigations post mortem. In the second case intracranially exclusively a venous affection of the vessels of the cerebral sinuses, of ascending veins of the cerebral covering and profound cerebral veins with differently old inflammation foci in the sense of an obliterating thrombendangiitis was present. It is referred to the general problems of diagnosis, etiopathogenesis and therapy of the obliterating thrombendangiitis.