[Clinical results and prospects for the use of phenosanic acid in patients with focal epilepsy]. / Klinicheskie rezul'taty i perspektivy primeneniya fenozanovoi kisloty u vzroslykh patsientov s fokal'noi epilepsiei.

OBJECTIVE: To study the efficacy and safety of using a new original synthetic antioxidant - phenosanic acid as an adjunct therapy in patients with focal epilepsy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study evaluated the efficacy and safety of phenosanic acid as an adjunct therapy to basic antiepileptic drugs in 120 patients with focal epilepsy. Primary purpose: to study the dynamic of seizure frequency. Secondary purposes: to study the dynamic of seizure-free days, the dynamics of bilateral tonic-clonic seizures, the results of questionnaires and scales (General Dynamics Assessment, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Quality of Life in Epilepsy (QOLIE-31-P), European Quality of Life Questionnaire (EQ-5D), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Frontal Asstssment Battery (FAB), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)). RESULTS: Phenosanic acid (Dibufelon) showed statistically significant benefit over placebo in the primary indicator of efficacy (reduction in the frequency of epileptic seizures by at least 50%) and in the secondary indicators. The drug was safe and well tolerated by the patients. CONCLUSION: The addition of phenosanic acid (Dibufelon) to base antiepileptic drugs seems to be perspective because of its positive effect on reducing the number of epileptic seizures, as well as on comorbid disorders in the emotional and cognitive spheres.

[The risk of suicidal behavior in patients with epilepsy]. / Risk razvitiia suitsidal'nogo povedenia u bol'nykh épilepsiei.

AIM: To study a role of psychopathological and social factors in the development of suicidal behavior in patients with different forms of epilepsy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred and nineteen patients with epilepsy, 57 men and 62 women, mean age 40.7±0.54 years, were studied using neurological and psychiatric examinations, along with a large battery of scales for assessment patient's state and suicidal behavior. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Clinical and psychological risk factors for suicidal behavior as well as for motivation of suicide prevention are identified. The formation of psychopathology determines the model of personality changes associated with epilepsy and the patients' response to social exclusion and stigma that lead to suicide.

[Brivaracetam in the treatment of patients with epilepsy]. / Brivaratsetam v lechenii bol'nykh épilepsiei.

The newest antiepileptic drug (AED) brivaracetam (Briviac, UCB Pharma) (BRV) was approved in the Russian Federation in 2017 as an adjuvant therapy for the treatment of partial seizures with/without secondary generalization in adults and adolescents over 16 years old with epilepsy. This review contains the data of BRV preclinical studies, pharmacokinetic profile and the results of comparative study of BRV and LEV. The results of main studies of efficacy and tolerability with pooled analysis as well as data from meta-analysis are presented. The authors present conclusions of the Russian leading epileptologists on perspectives of using BRV in different populations of epileptic patients. The use of BRV is able to provide long-term efficacy in terms of seizure control, is well tolerated, keeps quality of life and social activity of people with epilepsy.

[Russian experience of lacosamide (vimpat) usage in treatment of uncontrolled focal epilepsy]. / Rossiiskii opyt primeneniya lakosamida (vimpat) pri lechenii patsientov s nekontroliruemoi fokal'noi epilepsiei.

Many patients with epilepsy receive treatment in polytherapy. Selection of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) for the combination should be carried out in accordance with the principles of rational polytherapy, taking into account the mechanism of action, pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) properties of drugs. Along with levetiracetam, gabapentin, vigabatrin and pregabalin, lacosamide (LCM) shows superior PK profile in rating of all AED and can be combined with any of them. The goal of this study was to evaluate efficacy and tolerability of LCM in patients with uncontrolled partial onset seizures (POS) in routine clinical practice. METHODS: 181 patient's charts from 14 sites in Russia have been analyzed in retrospective manner. Patients 16 years old and older with POS with or without secondary generalization were included. Documented observation period of up to 12 months after initiation or until discontinuation of LCM therapy. Primary effectiveness variables was retention at Observational Point 3 (approximately 12 months). Other variables were: percentage change from historical baseline in seizure frequency, 50% and 75% treatment response and seizure-free status at the Observational Points 1, 2 and 3 (approximately 3, 6 and 12 months) and incidence and reason of treatment discontinuation. RESULTS: retention rate was high with 89.5% after 12-month observation. The development of seizure frequency showed a continuous decrease in terms of 50%, 75% treatment respond rates and seizure free status. A total of 5 adverse drug reactions leading to discontinuation of LCM therapy were recorded in 5 of 181 patients (2.8%) during the observation period. The high retention rate observed in this retrospective chart review is assumed to indicate a good tolerability and effectiveness of an adjunctive LCM treatment in patients with uncontrolled partial epilepsy in Russia.

[The experience treatment of adjunctive lacosamide for patients with drug-resistance partial epilepsy].

The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of lacosamide (100-400 mg per day) as adjunctive treatment to other antiepileptic drugs (AED) in patients with uncontrolled partial epilepsy. A retrospective evaluation of efficacy and safety of lacosamide was made in 56 patients, aged 17-58 years, with focal seizures with- or without secondary localization during 6 months. Lacosamide was used with other AED (carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, lamotrigine, valproates, levetiracetam, topiramate); in 73,2% patients it was administered with two additional AED. In 69,6% patients, the dose of lacosamide was 300 mg per day. The complete cessation of seizures was achieved in 8 (14,3%) patients, 18 (32,1%) patients had 50-75% reduction in seizures, 17 (30,4%) had 50% reduction. There were no changes in 3 (23,2) patients. Dose-dependent adverse effects were diplopia, vertigo, sleepiness, skin allergic reactions. No side-effects were caused by drug intolerance. Lacosamide is believed to open new possibilities in treatment of epilepsy.