[Perceived child rearing behavior by juvenile diabetics at the time of puberty]. / Erlebtes Erziehungsverhalten bei juvenilen Diabetikern in der Pubertät.

The influence of the experienced parental rearing behavior has been researched through a questionnaire given to 81 juvenile diabeticians and 35 non-diabeticians, age 11-15. Taking the body development into consideration, no statistically significant connection can be found between the rearing behavior and the quality of the metabolic control. Girls experience their mothers as being more strict than boys do, regardless of whether they are diabeticians or not.

[Sports and their significance for the diabetic child]. / Sport und seine Bedeutung beim diabetischen Kind.

The positive effect of physical exercise on the metabolism for those with diabetes has been well known for a long time. It pertains also for children with diabetes. In spite of this, children and adolescents with diabetes still have problems taking part in sport-activities. The reasons are poor information and education of physicians, teachers, parents and those with diabetes. Holiday-camps will be an useful help for children to learn how to adapt the metabolism by self-control of blood and urine-sugar. Then it will be easier to accommodate physical exercise during the day. The improvement of fitness is one of the positive effects of sport, but it is of no consequence for metabolic control. However, sport-activities are a helpful addition for therapeutic management.

[The status of managing the type I diabetic patient in Austria. Organization]. / Stand der Betreuung der Typ-I-Diabetiker in Osterreich*. Organisation.

During the Annual Meeting of the Austrian Diabetes Association various diabetic centres presented their success and failure rates with respect to metabolic control and prevention of late complications in diabetic patients on a country-wide basis. The analysis revealed that only 30% of all type I diabetic patients are adequately controlled. Intensive education in diabetes self-management, capable of leading to optimal metabolic control in up to 50% of the instructed patients, is however available only to a small minority of the diabetic patients to date. Despite the enormous improvement which has been achieved in the management of pregnant diabetic women, intensive specialized care is often commenced far too late. In rural areas, in particular, even conventional therapy is not fully implemented and late complications are, thus, inevitable.

["Limited joint mobility". Diabetes-specific joint changes in diabetic children]. / "Limited Joint Mobility". Diabetes spezifische Gelenksveränderungen bei diabetischen Kindern.

This paper describes a case of limited joint mobility (diabetic cheiroarthropathy) observed in our pediatric diabetological outpatients department. Symptoms are limited mobility of big and small joints, thickened, waxy skin, delay in growth and maturation. Of major importance is the reference to the microvascular risk of 83% as stated by Rosenbloom in diabetes patients of Type I suffering from limited joint mobility and this signifying unfavourable prognoses.

[Importance of fear in diabetic children]. / Zur Bedeutung der Angst bei diabetischen Kindern.

A group of 36 boys and girls aged 9 to 16 suffering from diabetes mellitus was tested with a Children's Anxiety Scale. There are significant lower scores in the group of the children aged 9 to 12. No marked difference was found between the diabetic children aged 13 to 16 and the control group. Results are demonstrated in one diagram and discussed. The disease, the higher defense and the management-training are reducing the level of anxiety.