Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 2 de 2
Filtrar
Mais filtros










Base de dados
Intervalo de ano de publicação
1.
Phytother Res ; 32(12): 2466-2474, 2018 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30277282

RESUMO

Microbiota alterations are observed in pathological conditions, and their regulation is a subject of great interest. Gut microbes are affected by diet, and plant polyphenols may have positive effect on gut microbiota; however, plant-derived extracts may have toxic effects. Guarana (Paullinia cupana Mart.) is a nontraditional medicinal plant applied worldwide. Guarana yields an alkaloid and polyphenol-rich seed with antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties, where caffeine is the major compound. We evaluated the effects of guarana seed powder (GSP) and purified caffeine on gut microbial composition and redox and inflammatory parameters in Wistar rats after 21 days of treatment. Fecal microbiota was analyzed utilizing 16S rDNA sequencing. Antioxidant enzymes activities from liver, kidney, and colon, as well as oxidative damage markers, were evaluated. Total nonenzymatic antioxidant potential was also evaluated. Microbiota was altered by both treatments, GSP and caffeine, without loss of diversity. In the liver, the kidney, and the colon, we observed a decrease in the antioxidant enzymes activities in the GSP group with no increase in the expression of oxidative damage markers, although some enzymes were also regulated by caffeine. Taken together, these results suggested that GSP ameliorates redox parameters but negatively affected gut microbiota, partially via caffeine.


Assuntos
Cafeína/farmacologia , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/efeitos dos fármacos , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Teobromina/farmacologia , Teofilina/farmacologia , Animais , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Cafeína/química , Disbiose/induzido quimicamente , Disbiose/microbiologia , Disbiose/patologia , Masculino , Oxirredução/efeitos dos fármacos , Paullinia/química , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Plantas Medicinais/química , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Sementes , Teobromina/química , Teofilina/química
2.
Neurotoxicology ; 69: 164-180, 2018 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30316701

RESUMO

Fish consumption and ubiquitous methylmercury (MeHg) exposure represent a public health problem globally. Micronutrients presented in fish affects MeHg uptake/distribution. Vitamin A (VitA), another fish micronutrient is used in nutritional supplementation, especially during pregnancy. However, there is no information about the health effects arising from their combined exposure. The present study aimed to examine the effects of both MeHg and retinyl palmitate administered to pregnant and lactating rats. Thirty Wistar female rats were orally supplemented with MeHg (0,5 mg/Kg/day) and retinyl palmitate (7500 µg RAE1/Kg/day), either individually or in combination from the gestational day 0 to weaning. In dams, maternal behavior was scored. In neonatal and infant offspring, associative learning and neurodevelopment were evaluated. Further periadolescent male and female pups were assessed for open field, habituation and object recognition using episodic-like memory paradigm. Maternal and offspring redox parameters were evaluated. Our results showed no effects of MeHg-VitA co-administration in the quality of maternal care but showed subtle alterations in the pro-oxidant response of the hippocampus. In offspring, MeHg-VitA co-exposure affected early associative learning in neonatal pups, with no further modifications in neurodevelopment, and no locomotor or exploratory alterations in later developmental stages. Habituation was altered in a sex-dependent manner, but no overall memory disturbances were encountered. Finally, MeHg-VitA co-administration reduced lipoperoxidation in male offspring hippocampus. In conclusion, VitA co-administration in dams, under our exposure protocol, can counteract the deleterious neurodevelopmental effects solely attributed to low-dose MeHg in a tissue-specific mechanism, suggesting a protective effect of VitA against MeHg-induced oxidative damage in the central nervous system, especially in the offspring. Further work is needed to confirm our findings and elucidate the molecular mechanisms of MeHg-VitA modulation. Pre-clinical assays are necessary to demonstrate the potential therapeutical use of VitA in populations directly or indirectly exposed to MeHg.


Assuntos
Lactação/efeitos dos fármacos , Locomoção/efeitos dos fármacos , Compostos de Metilmercúrio/administração & dosagem , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Efeitos Tardios da Exposição Pré-Natal/induzido quimicamente , Vitamina A/análogos & derivados , Animais , Anticarcinógenos/administração & dosagem , Aprendizagem por Associação/efeitos dos fármacos , Aprendizagem por Associação/fisiologia , Diterpenos , Combinação de Medicamentos , Feminino , Lactação/fisiologia , Locomoção/fisiologia , Masculino , Compostos de Metilmercúrio/toxicidade , Odorantes , Estresse Oxidativo/fisiologia , Gravidez , Efeitos Tardios da Exposição Pré-Natal/metabolismo , Distribuição Aleatória , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Ésteres de Retinil , Vitamina A/administração & dosagem
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA
...