[Prevalence of ischemic heart disease, basic risk factors, and efficacy of long-term multifactorial prophylaxis at work in some regions of Russia]. / Rasprostranennost' ishemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa, osnovnykh faktorov riska ee razvitiia i éffektivnost' mnogoletnei mnogofaktornoi profilaktiki na predpriiatiiakh v riade regionov Rossii.

AIM: To study prevalence of ischemic heart disease (IHD) and its various clinical forms depending on sex, age, profession including risk factors (RF) and their combination and efficiency of long-term multifactorial active prevention programs at enterprises in several regions of the Russian Federation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 14,000 male and 20,969 female volunteers were observed in organized groups in three Russian cities (Cheboksary, Pskov, St-Petersburg). 8984 males and 14,515 females entered seven groups of outpatient follow-up and active long-term multifactorial prevention during 5-10 years. RESULTS: Risk factor correction produced a significant decrease in mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure, frequency and intensity of smoking, overweight, improved ECG parameters, increased number of the examinees free of risk factors; state of IHD patients improved. Overall mortality, IHD and stroke mortality, number of temporary disability days were significantly less in the prevention group. CONCLUSION: Active multifactorial "in office" prevention for 5 to 10 years reduced RF prevalence and intensity, quantity of days at sick-leave fell by 48.5%. The presence of IHD and risk factors in both groups increased overall mortality rates and cardiovascular (IHD and stroke) mortality rates at the beginning of the study. The multifactorial prevention of IHD and risk factors resulted in a significant reduction of overall mortality rates as well as cardiovascular mortality rates in groups of active prevention.

[Sensitivity of bone marrow cells damaged by antitumor drugs to cytotoxic action of effectors of a normal spleen]. / Chuvstvitel'nost' povrezhdennykh tsitostatikami kletok kostnogo mozga k tsitotoksicheskomu deistviiu éffektorov normal'noi selezenki.

Different cytogenetic effects in bone marrow cells induced by antitumor drugs with different mechanisms of action was studied. The treatment of adriablastine causes the appearance of chromatid deletion, vinblastine-polyploid cells, cyclophosphamide-chromosomal and chromatid aberration in mice. It was shown that bone marrow cells with cytogenetic damage have altered susceptibility to normal spleen cells-effectors cytotoxic action.

[Early and late effects of the cytogenetic action of doxorubicin]. / Rannie i otdelannye éffekty tsitogeneticheskogo deistviia doksorubitsina.

Cytogenetic disorders in hemopoietic cells of the bone marrow were studied on mice CBA at early and late periods after exposure to MIDs of doxorubicin, an anthracycline antibiotic. It was shown that at the early period doxorubicin induced aberrations, mainly of the chromatid type, in the hemopoietic cells of the bone marrow. Instability of the genetic apparatus of the hemopoietic cells observed for 3 months of the experiment was likely to be the immediate cause of the disorders in hemopoiesis at the late periods after exposure to doxorubicin.

[Long-term consequences of the damaging effect of cytostatic drugs on hematopoiesis and lymphoid tissue]. / Problemy otdalennykh posledstvii povrezhdaiushchego deistviia tsitostaticheskikh preparatov na krovetvorenie i limfoidnuiu tkan'.

The evidence on the changes detectable in remote periods (at 1, 3, and 6 months) is presented. It shows that the quantitative and functional defects are retained in the hemopoietic and lymphoid tissues within 3-6 months after exposure to the effects of various cytostatic agents. These defects may be corrected by means of immunomodulators.

[Comparative evaluation of the cytogenetic action of anthracycline-group antitumor antibiotics (daunomycin, doxorubicin and carminomycin)]. / Sravnitel'naia otsenka tsitogeneticheskogo deistviia nekotorykh protivoopukholevykh antibiotikov gruppy antratsiklinov (daunomitsin, doksorubitsin, karminomitsin).

The cytogenetic effect of antitumor antibiotics of the anthracycline group was studied with the use of the routine analysis of chromosomes in the metaphase plates of the bone marrow cells and the micronuclear test (the procedure of counting erythrocytes with micronuclei in peripheral blood). It was shown that by the level of the mutagenic effect the antibiotics might be arranged as follows with respect to the decrease in their activity: carminomycin----doxorubicin----daunomycin. The micronuclear test provided estimation of the cytogenetic damage of the bone marrow. In this connection the procedure may be recommended for rapid evaluation of the mutagenic effect of various anthracyclines and probably other cytostatics characterized by mutagenic activity.