The relationship between serotypes and PFGE genotypes in isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae from Hungary.

The relatedness of 112 penicillin-non-susceptible isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae from Hungary was determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), serotyping and antibiotic susceptibility tests. The differences in PFGE patterns closely mirrored the changes in resistance. Some genotypes comprised multiple serotypes, and the genetic diversity among certain serotypes was considerable. Generally, serotyping alone was insufficient for epidemiological mapping of pneumococcal isolates. There was considerable serotype diversity, but the five most frequent international serotypes (6, 9, 14, 23, 19) were the most prevalent. In addition, the presence of some well-defined resistant international pneumococcal clones in the Hungarian population was identified.

Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis colonization during recovery from Neisseria meningitidis cerebrospinal meningitis. Case report.

A 19-year-old man had been admitted to the Hospital because of septic shock and large scale suffusions all over the body. The pathogen had proved to be Neisseria meningitidis serogroup C. In his stabilization period two superinfectious attacks arose. One of them was a bacteremia, caused by a vancomycin-sensitive Enterococcus faecium. The second was a wound infection in his deep colliquating necrotised tissue of the heel. Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis (VREF) was isolated from this lesion with some Gram-negative opportunistic pathogens. The strain contained the vanA gene. After systemic and topical treatment, furthermore plastic surgical interventions the patient recovered. This is the second report on VREF from Hungary colonizing/infecting a patient with an underlying disease.