RESUMO
Within this paleodontological study 26 Achemenid and 8 Islamic skeletons from the excavations at Tahkt-i Suleiman (Western Iran) were investigated. The diagnosis of age and sex was done repeatedly according to various methods. The adult Achemenids reached an average age of 54.4 years (n = 16; SD = +/- 9.9 y), while the Islamic adult individuals reached a lifespan of 36.9 (n = 8; SD = +/- 11.0 y). The skeletons of the Achemenid children had an average of 6.8 years (n = 9; SD = +/- 3.3 y). In the specific dental investigations the teeth of all skeletons were checked for missing teeth or dental diseases or alterations of the jaws. For the whole series intravital loss of 19.3% of the teeth was found. 21.6% of the teeth were lost postmortally. The intravital loss of single teeth was 21.9% in the Achemenid teeth, disregarding the wisdom tooth and Dentes decidui; the respective value was 12% in the Islamic skeletons. The investigation for caries yielded a morbidity of 50% in the Achemenid skeletons, and 57% in the Islamic teeth. The frequency of caries was 6.2% in Achemenids and 9% in Islamic individuals. In the Dentes decidui the frequency of caries was found to be 3.6%. Dental tartar was present in 44.8% of the teeth, 42% of Achemenid teeth and 58% of Islamic teeth being affected. 33% of all teeth showed garlands of dental tartar. Signs of parodontolysis were investigated considering the health of the individual and the preservation of the skeleton. All adult teeth showed age-dependent parodontolysis, the means of which were quantified.
