[Benefits of antioxidant agents' use for dental filling consequent to the endo-bleaching].

Efficacy of antioxidant agents' use after dental endo bleaching was studied in clinical trial. The study enrolled 169 patients, ranging age 16 to 60 years in age. The patients were randomized into 2 groups: control (63) and trial (106). In patients of the control group tooth cavity was left open after endo bleaching, and was filled only after 7 days. In patients of the trial group antioxidant agent was administered into the dental tissues consequently to the endo bleaching, and the cavity was filled immediately. Assessment of the immediate and distant effects revealed unwanted results of postponed dental filling (control group) in terms of tooth color stability and forming micro cracks. Results of antioxidant use and immediate dental filling after endo bleaching have proven our earlier experimental studies on benefits of antioxidant use to be right. Based on the results of our clinical study we can recommend use of antioxidant after endo bleaching to achieve successful dental fillings in clinical practice.

[Correlation of bleached teeth's tissue micro-durability and time of placing the dental filling].

Bleaching of discolored teeth has become one of the pressing issues of modern aesthetic dentistry in Georgia. Correct selection of endo-bleaching substances is crucial in resolving this issue, as it is well known that endo-bleaching agents penetrate into the dental tissues, causing "microcracks". Aim of our study became selection of right materials for dental bleaching, as well as finding additional methods of prevention these materials from penetrating into the dental tissue. Serving this aim, we have studied several types of endo-bleaching substances, as well as micro-durability of dental tissue, based on the numerous methods of its determination. Subsequently we observed the effect of endo-bleaching materials "endoopalescence" and "endoperox" on dental tissue. Data analysis has shown that there were significantly less "microcracks" found after use of "endoopalescence", than "endoperox". The most beneficial results were obtained during concomitant use of endo-bleaching material "endoopalescence" and antioxidant, since the latter improves micro-durability of dental tissue. Based on all of the above we recommend use of "endoopalescence" as an endo-bleaching substance, in complex with antioxidants.

[Study of influence of endoopalescence on the solid tissue by means of raster microscope].

During the process of endowhitening as a result of penetration of peroxide into dentine tubules the adhesion of tooth tissues sharply decreases, it requires the delay of restoration by filling for several days. Surely it is not comfortable for the patient. The best way out is the application of antioxidants after whitening. Under their influence the sedimentary layer on the hard tissues of the teeth neutralizes much quicker. The urgency of this issue is preconditioned by the fact that under the influence of antioxidant the restored adhesiveness enables the immediate restoration of tooth. Our previous experiment is the good proof of that. In the experiment we studied the level of micro leakage and origination of microfissures by effecting with antioxidant, precisely with 10% sodium ascorbate on the hard tissues of tooth after using the whitening agent. As a result of this experiment we have not obtained any microfissure in the teeth covered with antioxidant unlike those teeth where we had not used the antioxidant. According to the reference data it is known that after acide angraving there occurs the removing of adhesive layer from the enamel and dentin of tooth. As a result of this the prisms of enamel and the dentine tubules are widened and this creates condition for the further penetration of the primer of the adhesive system. This process is followed by the origination of transitional i.e. hybrid layer. The latter one is the best link for the adhesive tar and tooth tissues. Modern investigations in the esthetic stomatology prove that the whitening agents produce the peroxide molecules during the process of whitening. These molecules cause the widening of the tooth enamel prisms. We also studied the results of post endo-whitening influence of peroxidation processes on the enamel and dentine of tooth by means of the raster microscope. Studies by electron microscope showed that the antioxidant - 10% sodium ascorbate was characterized by high penetration and was equally distributed in the dentine. It totally covered the dentine, actively interacted with the peroxide accumulated in the tubules and caused their neutralization. In the II experimental group, most parts of the dentine tubules were tightly obturated, it originated the strong hybrid circle and the fissure was not observed in any of it's areas. It may be concluded that the adhesiveness disturbed as a result of peroxidation processes improved by their neutralization by means of antioxidant that accelerated the terms of filling postponed after the application of whitener enabled the immediate filling of the tooth. Development of strong hybrid layer on the electron-diffraction pattern of teeth of this group without the microfissure is the precondition for successful therapy.

[Influence of whitening endoopalescence systems on the restoration of devitalized teeth].

At the end 80s of the XX century bleaching of teeth became one of the most important issues in the stomatological industry. Currently there are two methods of bleaching: external and internal (endo bleaching) methods. It is proved that the adhesive ability of the tooth tissues reduces as a result of peroxide penetration into enamel and dentine. Based on this, the aim of our study was to use the antioxidants for excluding the peroxides from tooth tissues and for rehabilitation of reduced adhesion. For this purpose we used central and side 36 healthy incisors, where after processing of tooth tissue with antioxidants and without them we studied the formation of micro rift between the operation material and dentine, and intensity of micro flowing by means of stereo microscope. We used 30% endo-opalescence as a bleacher and used 10% sodium acrobat as antioxidant. As a result of experiment we found out that the teeth where we used antioxidant were not penetrated with metaline blue; unlikely, the teeth where we did not use the same method we got the approximate result in the group of teeth, where for peroxide exclusion we performed the crown reconstruction not immediately, but after 7 days. During the whole experiment the teeth were kept in thermostat at 37 degrees C in saliva to create the natural conditions for them. In overall we can conclude that the deteriorated adhesive ability with peroxide influence can be improved by application of antioxidants.