[Lipid peroxidation and change in the lipid fraction of plasma in patients with hypertonic disease]. / Perekisnoe okislenie lipidov i izmenenie lipidnykh fraktsii plazmi krovi u bol'nykh gipertonicheskoi bolezn'iu.

Effect of lipid peroxidation on content and composition of blood plasma lipids was studied in 20 patients with hypertension within various periods after hypertonic crisis. Alterations in blood plasma lipid spectrum were shown to be related to initiation of lipid peroxidation in cell membranes. Dynamics of lipid peroxidation in individual blood plasma lipid fractions appears to reflect the adaptation under conditions of the pathological state of the organism.

[The pulmonary surfactant status in lung immaturity]. / Sostoianie surfaktanta legkikh pri ikih nezrelosti.

Combined study of lungs of 85 foetuses and newborns of various gestational age and 8 newborns dying during the first month of life showed the lung surfactant (LS) system to develop in parallel with formation of respiratory parts and lung capillary network. The level of the LS surface activity increases with the increase of the duration of pregnancy and is determined by the maturation degree of the type II alveolocytes. Changes of the surface activity of the lung extract surface-active fraction in the process of lung maturation correlate with the fractional phospholipid distribution. Morphofunctional immaturity of lungs is characterized, besides histological features, by the ultrastructural immaturity of the type II alveolocytes and biochemical immaturity of LS.

[Surface-active properties of pulmonary surfactant and the functional activity of type II alveolocytes at various times of the day under experimental conditions]. / Poverkhnostno-aktivnye svoistva surfaktanta legkikh i funktsional'naia aktivnost' al'veolotsitov II tipa v razlichnoe vremia sutok v éksperimente.

Complex examination of lungs in 24 healthy guinea pigs in different periods of day using physicochemical, biochemical and electron-microscopic methods has revealed that the highest surface activity of the pulmonary surfactant (PS) is observed in the evening and at night, as phospholipids contain the highest amount of a surfactant of the phosphatidylcholine fraction the most active in the surface-active respect. An increase in the content of PS phospholipids in this period of the day appears to be a consequence of synthesis and secretion intensification in the second-type alveolocytes, that may be due to an increased effect of the vagus nerve.

[Study of lipid ligands in serum albumin in sportsmen using thin layer chromatography]. / Izuchenie lipidnykh ligandov v syvorotochnom a'lbumine sportsmenov metodom tonkosloinoi khromatografii.

Lipid composition and the ability of serum albumin to bind lipid components and products of their peroxidation were investigated in cyclists of different rating during moderate workloads. Ratios of subfractions of phospholipids and other lipid metabolites in blood serum albumin were determined by the method of thin-layer chromatography. Diene conjugates and diene ketones were found to be actively formed in plasma of highly trained cyclists in whom a high lipid capacity of albumin was associated with its low affinity for lipid hydroperoxides.

[Surfactant surface activity and ultrastructural changes in the type-II alveolocytes of fetal and neonatal lungs in experimental inflammation of the maternal lungs]. / Sostoianie poverkhnostnoi aktivnosti surfaktanta i izmeneniia ul'trastruktury al'veolotsitov II tipa legkikh plodov i novorozhdennykh pri vospalenii legkikh materi v éksperimente.

The lungs of 19 guinea pigs, born from 8 females in which acute and chronic pneumonia had been modelled by transtracheal introduction of sterile fishing-line were investigated. It was established, that in guinea pigs, born in females with acute and chronic pneumonia, the functional immaturity of pneumocytes of the 2-nd type took place. The functional immaturity of pneumocytes of the 2-nd type results in suppression of the surface active characteristics of surfactant.

[Pulmonary surfactant in guinea pigs after toxic exposure to CCl4]. / Surfaktant legkikh morskikh svinok posle toksicheskogo vozdeistviia CCl4.

The surface-active properties of lung surfactant were studied in 32 guinea pigs given CCl4 according to a schedule. The surface activity of the surfactant is inhibited in the experimental animals under the effect of hepatotrophic poison (CCl4) due to the disturbed metabolism of its phospholipids, which is a consequence of the diminished lipid-synthesizing function of the liver. Diminution of the surface-active properties of the lung surfactant and disturbance of its qualitative composition may be regarded as the cause of the development of extensive atelectases in the animals' lungs.

[Ultrastructure of the blood-air barrier in comparison with the indices of surfactant surface activity]. / Ul'trastruktura aérogematicheskogo bar'era v sopostavlenii s pokazateliami poverkhnostnoi aktivnosti surfaktanta.

Ultrastructure of the air-blood barrier and surface surfactant activity were studied at different time periods of nonspecific inflammation of the lungs in guinea pigs. The animals were sacrificed 3 days, 2 weeks and 1, 2 and 4 months after beginning of the experiment. It has been demonstrated that in early periods of lung inflammation there was edema of all components of the air-blood barrier. Subsequent development of inflammation is accompanied by surface activity decrease associated with dystrophic changes in the epithelial cells of alveoli. At the same time there are compensatory changes in the lungs, directed to eliminate deficiency of surfactant.

[Surface activity of the surfactant in experimental compression atelectasis]. / Poverkhnostnaia aktivnost' surfaktanta pri éksperimental'nom kimpressionnom atelektaze.

Surface surfactant activity was studied at different time periods of compression atelectasis, induced by hydrothorax in 35 guinea pigs. The animals were slaughtered 30 and 60 minutes or 3, 12 and 24 hours after hydrothorax. It has been demonstrated that experimental compression atelectasis is accompanied by surface activity lowering, associated with disorders in surfactant secretion into the alveolar lumen. The qualitative composition of surfactant phospholipids remains unchanged, which may play an essential role in the recovery of lung tissue aeration.

[Relationship between the pathomorphological characteristics of the lungs and surfactant properties in some forms of chronic pneumonia]. / O zavisimosti mezhdu patomorfologicheskimi osobennostiami legkikh i svoistvami surfaktanta pri nekotorykh formakh khronicheskoi pnevmonii.

The minimum surface tension (STmin) and the content of total lipids (TL) and phospholipids (PL) in a surfactant obtained by differential centrifugation of extracts from 56 fragments of lungs resected from 48 patients with segmentary suppurations and bronchiectasia were correlated with the results of morphological and histochemical studies. The controls consisted of 5 lungs from the subjects dying of accidental causes. Areas of interstitial pneumosclerosis, atelectasis and carnification were found to have a high STmin and to contain less than 1 mg of PL per 1 g of the lung tissue, whereas foci of emphysema had a lower STmin and a higher content of PL. These parameters are inversely related. Possible causes of the change of the surfactant condition in chronic pneumonia and practical importance of its examination in resected lungs for a diverse evaluation of the pathological process and the effectiveness of preoperational therapy are discussed.