RESUMO
17-beta-estradiolsulfate (17-ES) was shown to exert a distinct vasoconstrictory effect on coronary vessels resulting in a decrease of the force contraction as well indexes of contractility. The distinct antiarrhythmic effect suggests that 17-ES possesses some properties of calcium antagonist.
Assuntos
Antiarrítmicos/farmacologia , Circulação Coronária/efeitos dos fármacos , Estradiol/análogos & derivados , Estradiol/farmacologia , Contração Miocárdica/efeitos dos fármacos , Traumatismo por Reperfusão Miocárdica/prevenção & controle , Fibrilação Ventricular/prevenção & controle , Animais , Masculino , Perfusão/efeitos adversos , RatosAssuntos
Postura , Propriocepção , Percepção Visual , Adolescente , Paralisia Cerebral/parasitologia , Criança , Humanos , Estimulação Luminosa , Trajes EspaciaisAssuntos
Paralisia Cerebral , Lateralidade Funcional/fisiologia , Trajes Gravitacionais , Adolescente , Paralisia Cerebral/diagnóstico , Paralisia Cerebral/fisiopatologia , Paralisia Cerebral/terapia , Criança , Cognição/fisiologia , Humanos , Propriocepção/fisiologia , Índice de Gravidade de DoençaRESUMO
The paper presents and analyzes the results of assessment of vertical stability and walk in patients with infantile cerebral paralysis before and after dynamic proprioceptive correction, which is of great importance for differential diagnosis of different forms of this disease, for controlling the course of therapeutical measures, for working out criteria for the efficiency of treatment.
Assuntos
Paralisia Cerebral/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico por Computador , Marcha , Adolescente , Adulto , Fenômenos Biomecânicos , Paralisia Cerebral/classificação , Paralisia Cerebral/fisiopatologia , Paralisia Cerebral/terapia , Humanos , Postura , PropriocepçãoRESUMO
Maintenance of vertical posture is a complex coordination act dependent on a multi-level system of regulation. Functional state of the visual system may contribute significantly to the implementation of the mechanisms of vertical posture maintenance. Stabilographic examination of healthy teenagers and patients afflicted with the main CCP forms with the method of dynamic proprioceptive correction revealed dependence of posture stability and involvement of the visual analyzer on sex.
Assuntos
Paralisia Cerebral/reabilitação , Postura/fisiologia , Propriocepção/fisiologia , Adolescente , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Acuidade Visual/fisiologiaRESUMO
The paper presents the study concerning influence of somatosensory stimulation (single wearing of either space loading costume "PENGUIN" or its modification--"ADELY" costume) on the individual profile of interhemispheral cerebral assymmetry (IPIHCA) in patients with spastic form of infantile cerebral paralysis (ICP). The computer stabilograph analyzed motor arms' asymmetry, sensory asymmetry of visual hemiareas, asymmetry of the position of centre of gravity. It is shown that peculiarities of the realization of the standing position either with visual control or without it both in healthy individuals and in patients depended on initial IPIHCA. Initial stability was higher in healthy individuals than in patients, besides in healthy persons it was higher in right-handers while in patients--in left-handers. There was possibility of changes of both IPIHCA and stability during keeping up vertical position even during single somatosensory stimulation. For elaboration of new criteria of the estimation of the efficiency of treatment in patients with CNS damages, including ICP, it is necessary to take into consideration different influence of somatosensory stimulation on IPIHC in right-handers and left-handers.
Assuntos
Encéfalo/fisiologia , Paralisia Cerebral/terapia , Lateralidade Funcional , Trajes Espaciais , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Estimulação Elétrica , Humanos , Músculo Esquelético/fisiologia , Percepção Visual/fisiologiaRESUMO
Individual profiles of brain interhemispheric asymmetry (IPA) and stability in maintenance of the vertical posture have been studied in healthy children and adults and patients with the spastic form of the infantile cerebral palsy before and after visual stimulation. The IPA were built on the basis of motor asymmetry of hands, asymmetry of visual half-fields, and asymmetry of muscle extension tone in vertical position in Romberg test at computer stabilograph. The visual stimulation was realized by unilateral tachistoscopic administration of a verbal stimulus in the visual half-field on the side of worst detection of the master stimulus during the procedure of initial IPA construction. The IPA were different in children, adults, and patients. Even single visual stimulation changed the initial IPA (not only its visual but motor and stability-related components). A correlation was shown between the individual features of realization of the vertical position, initial IPA, age of the subjects, and presence/absence of the cerebral palsy. The visual stimulation led to a decrease in initially low stability and, on the contrary, an increase in initially high stability both in healthy subjects and patients with cerebral palsy, regardless of their handedness. Increase in stability of the vertical posture was accompanied by a decrease in the role of the visual analyzer, and, on the contrary, decrease in stability was associated with an increase in the role of the visual analyzer in stability control. It is necessary to take into account the dissimilar action of sensory stimulation on the IPA and stability of the vertical posture in assessment of the effects of sensory stimulation on healthy persons and patients with CNS lesions, in particular, with cerebral palsy, in the course of development of new ways of treatment.
Assuntos
Paralisia Cerebral/fisiopatologia , Dominância Cerebral/fisiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Humanos , Estimulação Luminosa/métodos , Postura/fisiologia , Valores de Referência , Estatísticas não ParamétricasRESUMO
Presented are results of the investigations of individual profiles of the brain interhemispheric asymmetry (IPIHA) in healthy grown-ups and children prior to, during, and immediately after somatosensory stimulation. The somatosensory stimulation was performed by one-time wearing of space g-loading suit PENGUIN and its modification ADELIE. IPIHA was studied by the main functional asymmetries including motor hand asymmetry, sensory asymmetry of the visual hemispheres, body mass center asymmetry (BMA) using a computerized stabilimeter indirectly measuring the muscle tone of contralateral extensor. Results demonstrate differences in IPIHA of grown-ups and children, persons with right- and left-hand motor asymmetry. It was shown that peculiar features of standing posture acquisition with and without visual control are original IPIHA and age dependent. Initial stability was higher in grown-ups than children and right-handed grown-ups and left-handed children. IPIHA and stability of the vertical posture can be modified even during single somatosensory stimulation. Unequal effects of the somatosensory stimulation on IPIHA in right- and left-handed subjects of varying age dictate the necessity to allow for these differences when assessing effects of the somatosensory stimulation in grown-ups and developing criteria of effective therapy of patients with CNS pathology, specifically, infantile cerebral paralysis.
Assuntos
Medicina Aeroespacial , Dominância Cerebral/fisiologia , Trajes Gravitacionais , Atividade Motora/fisiologia , Córtex Somatossensorial/fisiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Central/fisiopatologia , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Central/terapia , Paralisia Cerebral/fisiopatologia , Paralisia Cerebral/terapia , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , Lateralidade Funcional/fisiologia , Mãos/fisiologia , Humanos , Tono Muscular , Exame Neurológico , Postura , Software , Córtex Visual/fisiologiaRESUMO
The paper discussed the results of stabilographic examination of the children suffered from the spastic form of child cerebral paralysis (CCP) treated by means of graded wearing of "Adel" suit which is a modification of the "Penguin" spacesuit. There has been studied the state of 30 children before treatment with the use of "Adel" suit and after the treatment as well as following the several courses of wearing the suit. Besides the patients, eleven healthy volunteer subjects (control group) were examined. There have been obtained the results pointing to the fact that in the healthy persons when they try to achieve the standing posture the leading role pertains to visual analyzer, at the same time, in the patients with spastic form of CCP the realization of standing posture depends upon the severity of the motor function disorders. When in the process of control stabilographic examination the patients suffered from spastic form of CCP demonstrate the significant role of the visual analyzer in achieving the standing posture, the use of the "Adel" suit is most desirable. The use of the "Adel" suit in the CCP patients with a decreased role of visual analyzer in achieving the standing pose as it was found under control examination enhances its significance in controlling the position of the center of gravity of the body.
Assuntos
Paralisia Cerebral/reabilitação , Postura/fisiologia , Trajes Espaciais , Visão Ocular/fisiologia , Paralisia Cerebral/fisiopatologia , Criança , Feminino , Sensação Gravitacional/fisiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
The paper presents the findings of stabiligraphic investigations of children afflicted with the hyperkinetic child's cerebral paralysis treated with the method of graduated wearing suit ADELI. This suit is a modification of space-designated PINGUIN used to counteract the adverse effect of long-term microgravity on the skeletal muscles and the skeleton. 30 children were investigated prior to, immediately after, and in a delayed period after this treatment. A group of 11 healthy volunteers were also investigated as their control. The program of investigation included routine stabilimetry, the station test, and head rolling tests. The results demonstrate that in healthy subjects the standing pose is primarily acquired and sustained by means of the visual analyzer, whereas the CCP patients pose could attain this pose with a significantly weakened control by the visual analyzer. Application of ADELI increases the role of visual analyzer in the control of standing pose. Following the treatment, the stabilimetric indices of patients changed for the better and approached those in healthy subjects.
Assuntos
Medicina Aeroespacial , Paralisia Cerebral/terapia , Analisadores Neurais/fisiologia , Equilíbrio Postural , Vestíbulo do Labirinto/fisiologia , Percepção Visual , Adolescente , Adulto , Paralisia Cerebral/fisiopatologia , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Postura , Testes de Função Vestibular , Ausência de PesoRESUMO
Analysis of publications according to which myocardium consists of heterogeneous elements functioning as the whole. Evolution of ideas about structural-functional organization of heart tissue is shown. The conception and model of cluster structural-functional organization of myocardium are formulated. On this model processes of circulation of stimulation under fibrillation of heart ventricles are analysed.
Assuntos
Arritmias Cardíacas/fisiopatologia , Coração/fisiologia , Animais , Arritmias Cardíacas/etiologia , Eletrofisiologia , Coração/anatomia & histologia , Sistema de Condução Cardíaco/anatomia & histologia , Sistema de Condução Cardíaco/fisiologia , Histocitoquímica , Miocárdio/metabolismoRESUMO
The parameters of transmembrane potentials of cardiomyocytes and dynamics of fibrillation process have been investigated when altering the level of sympathetic action on the heart by injection of rausedile, katecholamines and by stimulation of the nucleus of hypothalamus. It was shown that the injection of rausedile decreases rest potential and potential activity, meanwhile electrical irritation significantly increases the period of spontaneously reversible fibrillation.
Assuntos
Frequência Cardíaca/fisiologia , Coração/inervação , Sistema Nervoso Simpático/fisiologia , Fibrilação Ventricular/fisiopatologia , Aconitina/farmacologia , Potenciais de Ação/efeitos dos fármacos , Potenciais de Ação/fisiologia , Animais , Catecolaminas/farmacologia , Estimulação Elétrica , Eletrocardiografia/efeitos dos fármacos , Cobaias , Coração/efeitos dos fármacos , Frequência Cardíaca/efeitos dos fármacos , Potenciais da Membrana/efeitos dos fármacos , Potenciais da Membrana/fisiologia , Ratos , Reserpina/farmacologia , Sistema Nervoso Simpático/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
The microelectrode technique has shown that bonnecor given in a dose of as many as 2 mg/kg increases the action potential amplitude, but when its dose is increased up to 3 mg/kg, the agent decreases the action potential amplitude of ventricular cardiomyocytes in the guinea-pig, the resting potential remaining steady. Administration of bonnecor prevents ventricular fibrillation after aconitine application and provokes ventricular fibrillation and flutter when the focus of ectopic automatism is formed.
Assuntos
Antiarrítmicos/farmacologia , Dibenzazepinas/farmacologia , Coração/efeitos dos fármacos , Potenciais da Membrana/efeitos dos fármacos , Miocárdio/citologia , Fibrilação Ventricular/prevenção & controle , Animais , Antiarrítmicos/uso terapêutico , Dibenzazepinas/uso terapêutico , Eletrocardiografia , Cobaias , Contração MiocárdicaRESUMO
The duration of periods of the spontaneous reversible fibrillation of heart ventricles of different masses of guinea pigs, rabbits, pigeons and chickens was investigated. It was demonstrated, that a heart mass doesn't play an important role in the process of spontaneous heart ventricles defibrillation. Only the number of strong contacts and the level of the parasympathetic control are determined.
Assuntos
Ventrículos do Coração/fisiopatologia , Fibrilação Ventricular/fisiopatologia , Animais , Galinhas , Columbidae , Estimulação Elétrica , Cobaias , Ventrículos do Coração/patologia , Tamanho do Órgão , Coelhos , Fibrilação Ventricular/patologiaRESUMO
An effect of the high sodium gradient during "calcium paradox" and postischemic reperfusion has been studied. A decrease of Na/Ca exchange by high sodium gradient (200 mM NaCl in the perfusion solution) resulted in the reduction of myoglobin release from the heart during "calcium paradox". High sodium concentration solution (200 mM) increased protective effect of ATP during "calcium paradox". Exogenous phosphocreatine (100 mumol/mol) increased myoglobin release from the heart. During perfusion of the heart by high sodium concentration, phosphocreatine efficiently decreased myoglobin release from the heart during "calcium paradox". Exogenous ATP (as Na-pump activator) and high Na+ concentration solution (180 mM) prevented the LDH release from the myocardium, decreased ATP hydrolysis, inhibited Ca influx, maintained total adenine nucleotides, phosphate potential, energy charge of the cardiomyocytes.
Assuntos
Cálcio/administração & dosagem , Metabolismo Energético/fisiologia , Modelos Cardiovasculares , Traumatismo por Reperfusão Miocárdica/prevenção & controle , Reperfusão Miocárdica/métodos , Miocárdio/metabolismo , Cloreto de Sódio/administração & dosagem , Nucleotídeos de Adenina/metabolismo , Animais , Cálcio/farmacologia , Membrana Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Membrana Celular/metabolismo , Fosfocreatina/metabolismo , Ratos , Cloreto de Sódio/farmacologiaRESUMO
The role of the parasympatetic division of the nervous system in the process of the spontaneous defibrillation of the heart ventricles in guinea pigs of various ages has been investigated. It was shown that the intensification of parasympathetic control in newborn and sexually mature animals by means of the stimulation of the vagus nerves through the administration of acetylcholine leads to an increase in the duration of ventricular fibrillation, while in old animals this leads to the possibility of its prevention. The important role of the maintenance of sympathetic control in the mechanisms of the recovery of normal cardiac rhythm has been demonstrated.
Assuntos
Envelhecimento/fisiologia , Sistema Nervoso Parassimpático/fisiologia , Fibrilação Ventricular/fisiopatologia , Acetilcolina/farmacologia , Animais , Animais Recém-Nascidos/fisiologia , Atropina/farmacologia , Estimulação Elétrica , Epinefrina/farmacologia , Feminino , Cobaias , Masculino , Potenciais da Membrana/efeitos dos fármacos , Potenciais da Membrana/fisiologia , Contração Miocárdica/efeitos dos fármacos , Nervo Vago/fisiologiaRESUMO
'Floating' microelectrodes were used to examine the transmembrane potentials of left and right ventricular cardiomyocytes in the guinea pig exposed to deep cooling. In the wide range of temperatures (37 to 20 degrees C), the transmembrane potentials did not substantially change, no fibrillation occurred. There may be a spontaneous reversible ventricular fibrillation in hypothermia where asynchronous excitation of myocardial cells occurs during cell membrane depolarization, which is essentially less than at normal body temperature.
Assuntos
Modelos Animais de Doenças , Hipotermia Induzida , Fibrilação Ventricular/prevenção & controle , Potenciais de Ação/fisiologia , Animais , Cobaias , Ventrículos do Coração/fisiopatologia , Remissão Espontânea , Fibrilação Ventricular/fisiopatologiaRESUMO
The processes of spontaneous reversible fibrillation were compared in mature-born (guinea pigs, hens and cocks) and in immature-born animals (cats, dogs and rats). An increase in duration of the fibrillation in immature-born animals was most significant in the period of recovery of sight which is associated with an increasing parasympathetic influences.