[The combined treatment of experimental genital herpes with preparations of interferon and acycloguanosine administered systemically and locally]. / Kombinirovannoe lechenie éksperimental'nogo genital'nogo gerpesa preparatami interferona i atsikloguanozina pri sistemnom i mestnom vvedenii preparatov.

Combined treatment of experimental genital herpes with liposomal preparations of genetic-engineering alpha 2-interferon (reaferon) and acycloguanosine (acyclovir) was carried out in guinea pigs. The most effective therapeutic action of both preparations was achieved by their parenteral administration. Acyclovir proved to be more effective of the two. No statistically significant differences were observed upon parenteral administration of liposomal and nonliposomal forms of the preparations. The results of the experiments attest to the advantages of treatment of genital herpes by parenteral administration of reaferon and acycloguanosine.

Treatment of experimental genital herpes with liposomal interferon.

The therapeutic effect of genetically engineered interferon (reaferon) in the treatment of genital herpes in male guinea pigs was studied. The disease was induced in the animals by application of culture liquid containing herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) to the scarified skin of the penis. The affected sites were treated once daily, for 7 days, with different reaferon preparations 1-3 days after the symptoms of the disease had appeared. Reaferon preparations were most effective in the treatment of experimentally induced genital herpes when incorporated into liposomes, had a less pronounced therapeutic effect when mixed with 3% deoxymethylcellulose to form a hydrocolloid, and were least effective in aqueous solution. Incorporation of the antiviral agents acyclovir and Biolf-62 into liposomes also showed improved effectiveness, in comparison with the free compounds, in the treatment of genital herpes in guinea pigs.

[Treatment of experimental genital herpes with liposomal interferon]. / Lechenie liposomal'nym interferonom éksperimental'nogo genital'nogo gerpesa.

Treatment of genital herpes was studied in experiments on male guinea pigs infected with herpes simplex II virus in suspension, by means of the penis skin scarification. The medication was provided by interferon (reaferon) prepared by the technique was provided by interferon (reaferon) prepared by the technique of genetic engineering, and incorporated into liposomes composed of phosphatidyl choline and cholesterol (molar ratio, 1:1). Free or liposome-contained interferon solutions, either mixed with hydrocolloidal substance or pure, were applied to the affected site of the animals' genitalia three times daily. The severity of clinical symptoms and disease duration were used as markers of preparation efficacy. The obtained results showed the liposomal interferon preparations to be most effective irrespective of being mixed with the hydrocolloidal substance or pure. Free interferon solutions demonstrated the lowest therapeutic efficacy, while the effect of hydrocolloidal interferon was found to be median. Experimental use of such antiviral preparations as BIOLF-62 and acyclovir as a medication against genital herpes also showed the advantages of the liposomal drug forms over free solutions.

[The pharmacokinetics of recombinant alpha 2-interferon (reaferon)]. / Farmakokinetika rekombinantnogo al'fa 2-interferona (reaferona).

The use of electrochemical iodination under potentiostatic conditions resulted in generating 131I-labeled alpha 2-interferon (IF) the antiviral activity of which differed statistically insignificantly from that of the intact preparation. The resulting radioactive analogue of alpha 2-IF was successfully used for the study of pharmacokinetics of reaferon (RFN) in experimental animals which determined the parameters of the processes of its elimination from the blood stream, accumulation and release from the liver, the organ in which the highest accumulation of alpha 2-IF is observed. It is concluded from the foregoing that it would be expedient to use RFN for treatment of viral disease of the liver and the lungs.

[Immunogenic properties of the liposomal form of the rabies vaccine]. / Izuchenie immunogennykh svoistv liposomal'noi formy antirabicheskoi vaktsiny.

The liposomal form of inactivated cultural whole-virion rabies vaccine was shown to induce formation of more intensive immunity than the vaccine without liposomes. These data have been obtained in immunity challenge by intracerebral inoculation of fixed virus as well as intramuscular inoculation of street rabies virus.

[Use of the liposomal forms of a terrilytin preparation for the lysis of experimental thrombi]. / Ispol'zovanie liposomal'nykh form preparata terrilitina dlia lizisa éksperimental'nykh trombov.

Thrombolytic activity of liposomal terrilytin forms has been experimentally studied. Liposomal terrilytin form (50-280 PU/kg) was administered to rabbits 24 hours after the experimental induction of femoral thrombi. In 43.75% of cases complete lysis of the thrombi was noted, in 37.5% of cases different stages of the lysis of wall thrombi were observed and in 18.75% of cases the thrombi remained. In the control experiments the thrombi remained in 75% of cases, while in 25% of cases spontaneous lysis of the thrombi occurred. Statistically significant hemostasis changes gave evidence of the decrease in the blood clotting activity after oral administration of a liposomal terrilytin form. It has become possible to achieve thrombolytic effect using lower doses of orally administered liposomal terrilytin form, which is both therapeutically and economically important.

[Inhibitory effect of combined administration of neuraminidase and interferon in mice with Rauscher leukemia]. / Ingibiruiushchee deistvie sochetannogo primeneniia neiraminidazy i interferona pri leikoze myshei Raushera.

A study was made of the effect of cholera vibrio neuraminidase and mouse interferon on the development of Rauscher's leukemia in BALB/c mice. It was shown that administration of 1500 units interferon to mice 4 hours before and 5 days after inoculation of Rauscher's leukemia virus prolonged the animals' lifespan. Preliminary treatment of the virus-containing material with neuraminidase prevented the death of one third of the experimental animals. Meanwhile the remainder of the animals inoculated with the same virus showed a longer lifespan. Combined use of both the preparations proved the most effective, enabling the prevention from death of 90% of the experimental animals. The mechanism of antiviral action of neuraminidase and interferon is discussed.

[Use of the enzyme neuraminidase for immunotherapeutic treatment of chemically induced carcinogenesis]. / Ispol'zovanie fermenta neiraminidazy dlia immunoterapevticheskogo vozdeistviia na khimicheski indutsirovannyi kantserogenez.

The effect of vibrio cholerae neuraminidase (VCN) on the growth of dimethylbenzanthracene-induced sarcoma cells in the inbred CBA mice was investigated. The use of this preparation was started after the appearance of the tumour. Injection of 50 units of VCN twice a week for three months was effective at the early stages of carcinogenesis. An increase of the life-span of mice of comparison with control animals was also observed in the animals inoculated intraperitoneally with induced syngeneic sarcoma cells pretreated with VCN and simultaneously injected (into the developing tumour) with sensitized lymphocytes received from the syngeneic tumour-bearing mice. Lymphocytes were inoculated into the growing tumour. No positive effect ensued when the lymphocytes inoculated into the tumour region were pretreated with VCN. A simultaneous inoculation of neuraminidase into the growing tumour and of syngenous induced-sarcoma cells pretreated with this enzyme intraperitoneally was the most effective. Possibilities of application of neuraminidase under clinical conditions are discussed.

[Choleragen and neuraminidase production by Vibrio in vitro]. / Produktsiia kholerogena i neiraminidazy kholernymi vibrionami in vitro

In vitro studies demonstrated a high degree of the rank correlation between the synthesis of cholera exotoxin and neuraminidase by cholera vibrios (V. cholerae 569B). The appearance of these biochemically-active materials proved to depend on the growth phase of the microbial population. A possibility of cooperation between them in the pathogenesis of cholera is suggested.

[Role of neuraminidase from cholera vibrions in the pathogenesis of experimental cholera]. / O roli neiraminidazy kholernykh vibrionov v patogeneze éksperimental'noi kholery

A study was made of a possible effect of neuraminidase of cholera vibrios on cholera pathogenesis. It was shown that in intraintestinal injection of cholera vibrios of the El Tor biotype to nursling rabbits neuraminidase could be revealed in their intestine 5 to 8 hours after the infection. Addition of neuraminidase to the weakly cholerogenic strain cholera vibrios intensified its cholerogenic action in infection of the animals. The antineuraminidase serum administered to the infected rabbits prevented clinical manifestations of experimental cholera, although it failed to always eliminate the cholerogenic syndrome (revealed during autopsy). At the same time neuraminidase did not influence the capacity of cholerogen to produce the cholerogenic syndrome. The authors consider that the action of the enzyme should occur at the early stages of the pathogenic process, and could be associated with creation of conditions for the attachement of cholera causative agent to the intestinal wall or for the action of their exotoxin.