RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Child abuse is a major public health concern with deep rooted squeal events on adult mental health. The childhood negligence and abusive events is connected invariably with anxiety and depressive disorders in adult life. OBJECTIVES: The study focused to determine the prevalence of child abuse, and connection of child abuse with depression and anxiety in course of adulthood, and to evaluate the effect of Interprofessional approach on the knowledge and awareness on child abuse and legal polices among young adult students of health professions in Arunachal Pradesh, India. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING: Four hundred sixty-one young adult health professions students from Tomo Riba Institute of Health and Medical Sciences (TRIHMS) and related health sciences institutes in the Itanagar capital complex region of Arunachal Pradesh between age group of 18-25 years. METHODS: A semi structured self-administered questionnaire was adopted to measure the prevalence of child abuse, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) questionnaire to grade the severity of depression and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) questionnaire to grade severity of anxiety. Interprofessional intervention interactive sessions with a psychologist, psychiatrist, and advocate were held after pre-test. Before and after the intervention, the participants' awareness and knowledge on various types of child abuse& negligence and legal policies were assessed. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of child abuse in any form was 73.42 %. Physical abuse was the most frequent form, accounting for 65.26 %, followed by childhood negligence (62.63 %), emotional abuse (53.15 %), and sexual abuse (23.42 %). Higher incidence of psychological distress with depression (80 %) and anxiety (55.52 %) was observed in participants with previous history of childhood abuse. There was a significant improvement in the knowledge and awareness on various forms of child abuse and negligence (p < 0.05) and legal policies (16.05 % before intervention, 85.90 % after intervention) (p < 0.05) after intervention sessions with interprofessional members. CONCLUSIONS: The interprofessional interactive sessions exhibited significant improvement in the knowledge and awareness in terms of child abuse and policies in all domains. Utmost need and necessity of including implementation of interprofessional intervention interactive sessions or counselling program in academic institutions specially in developing states where there is a lack of awareness and easy access to services.
Assuntos
Maus-Tratos Infantis , Estudantes de Ciências da Saúde , Criança , Humanos , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Adolescente , Depressão/epidemiologia , Maus-Tratos Infantis/psicologia , Ansiedade/epidemiologia , Transtornos de Ansiedade , Ocupações em SaúdeRESUMO
SUMMARY: Herbal extracts used for treatment of diabetes has focused mostly on the hypoglycaemic and anti-oxidant property.There are no studies which focused on its effect on dendritic architecture of pyramidal neurons of hippocampus caused by diabetes. This study was taken up to explore the effect of administration of Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek) seed extract on diabetes induced dendritic atrophy in hippocampus. Experimental diabetes was induced in rats by administering single dose of Streptozotocin (60 mg/kg)intraperitoneally.Treatment groups of rats were orally administeredfenugreek seed extract of 1 g/kg body weight for 6 weeks. Followingly they were sacrificed and the brains were removed, processed for the Golgi-Cox stain method.The number of dendritic branching points and intersections were counted in successive radial segments of 20 µm up to a radial distance of 100 micron from soma and analysed by the Sholl's method. The rats with diabetes showed a significant decrease in the dendritic length and branching points in most of the apical and basal dendrites of CA1 and CA3 pyramidal neurons.Treatment with fenugreek seed extract were able to significantly alleviate the dendritic atrophy in most of the segments except in the apical branching points of the CA1 neuron. The present study demonstrates that fenugreek seed extract having a proven hypoglycaemic and anti-diabetic property also possess protection to the hippocampal pyramidal neurons form diabetes associated neuronal atrophy.
RESUMEN: Los extractos de hierbas para el tratamiento de la diabetes se han basado principalmente en las propiedades hipoglucémicas y antioxidantes. En la literatura no hay estudios basados en su efecto sobre la arquitectura dendrítica de las neuronas piramidales del hipocampo, causadas por la diabetes. El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar el efecto de la administración de extracto de semilla de Trigonella foenum graecum (fenogreco) sobre la atrofia dendrítica inducida por la diabetes en el hipocampo. Se indujo diabetes experimental en ratas mediante la administración de una dosis única de estreptozotocina (60 mg / kg) por vía intraperitoneal. Se administró a grupos de ratas extracto de semilla de fenogreco a razón de 1 g / kg de peso corporal durante 6 semanas. Las ratas fueron sacrificadas posteriormente y se procesaron los cerebros mediante método de tinción de Golgi-Cox. El número de puntos de ramificación dendrítica e intersecciones se contaron en segmentos radiales sucesivos de 20 µm hasta una distancia radial de 100 micras del soma y se analizaron mediante el método de Sholl. Las ratas con diabetes mostraron una disminución significativa en la longitud dendrítica y los puntos de ramificación en la mayoría de las dendritas apicales y basales de las neuronas piramidales CA1 y CA3. El tratamiento con extracto de semilla de fenogreco alivió significativamente la atrofia dendrítica en la mayoría de los casos, excepto en los puntos de ramificación apical de la neurona CA1. El estudio demuestra que el extracto de semilla de fenogreco además de tener propiedades hipoglucémicas y antidiabéticas, también protege las neuronas piramidales del hipocampo contra la atrofia neuronal asociada a la diabetes.
