RESUMO
Cataract remains a major cause of blindness in sub-Sahara and a major public health problem. Blindness prevalence in Togo is equal to 1%, more than half of it is due to cataract, while the number of cataract surgeries is low because of the lack of resources. We assessed the eye healthcare in Togo by cataract surgery. The aim was to estimate the number of cataract surgeries and the Cataract Surgery Rate (CSR) in the administrative regions. The demographic data (denominator) was collected from the Demography and Health Survey (1998) while the number of cataract surgeries (numerator) was obtained from medical registers. The Cataract Surgery Rate (CSR, operated cataracts per million) was assessed from 1995 to 2001. From 1995 to 2001, 3,885 cataract surgeries were performed. Public services predominated with 53.03% (n=2061) of the cataracts operated followed by confessional hospitals with 37.1% (n=1443) and private clinics 3.4% (n=143). Decentralised eye healthcares provided 241 cataract extractions. The University hospital centre of Lome Tokoin was the leader, with 32.5% (n=1,262) of operated cataracts followed by the confessional hospital of Glei, 27.2% (n=1,058). The average per centre per year was 43 cataract surgeries. The mean CSR was 126 and varied from 52 to 163 cataract surgeries per million people per year. There was an important concentration of cataract services in Lome where 41% (n=1,586) of cataracts were operated and the CSR was 334. The unequal distribution of cataract services (41% in Lome) leaves many regions without any resources. Since 1999, the CSR increased by 37% in 2000 and 14% in 2001. The Togolese eye healthcare system is poor and substantial further efforts are necessary to make it accessible and affordable to all those in need. This may be the way to reduce cataract surgery barriers and the unacceptable high prevalence of operable cataract blindness.
