RESUMO
Dietitians play an important role in the care of patients with eating disorders. However, the precise conditions are not yet defined. This limits the clarity of the role of the dietitian within the dietetic profession as well as in a broader sense among the health care providers. In Hungary, there is no comprehensive guideline on it yet, so the aim of the present paper is to clarify the role, tasks, and competence boundaries of the dietitians. First, we provide guidance for the recognition of eating disorders by overviewing the symptoms, the diagnostic criteria, and the most important aspects of biopsychosocial assessment. Second, we take stock of the tasks of the dietitian, as a member of the therapeutic team in the treatment of eating disorders in outpatient and inpatient settings.
Assuntos
Dietética , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos , Nutricionistas , Humanos , Nutricionistas/psicologia , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos/diagnóstico , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos/terapia , HungriaRESUMO
Összefoglaló. Bevezetés: Az elhízás korunk egyik legnagyobb kihívása, hiszen a többletsúly számos krónikus betegség kockázati tényezoje, és fontos pszichés és szociális következményei vannak. A kezelésben bizonyítottan hatékony a kognitív viselkedésterápiás testsúlycsökkento program, amelynek során alapveto fontosságú a reális célsúly meghatározása, ugyanis az irreális elvárások megakadályozhatják a hosszú távú sikeres testsúlykontrollt. Célkituzés: Prospektív kutatásunk kérdése, hogy az elérheto fogyást milyen mértékben befolyásolják a testsúlycélok a kognitív viselkedésterápiás testsúlycsökkento program során. Feltételeztük, hogy a testsúlycsökkento csoport résztvevoi irreális fogyási elvárásokkal érkeznek, melyek azonban reálisabbá válnak a program végére, és megmaradnak az utánkövetés idejére. Emellett feltételeztük, hogy a testsúlycsökkento program során az evési magatartás pozitív irányban fog változni. Módszer: A 24 hetes testsúlycsökkento programban 63, az egyéves utánkövetésben pedig 49 felnott vett részt. A résztvevok antropometriai mutatói mellett (testtömeg, testmagasság) az evési magatartást és a testsúlycélokat a Háromfaktoros Evési Kérdoívvel, illetve a Célok és Relatív Testsúlyok Kérdoívvel mértük fel. Eredmények: A résztvevok közel 90%-a elérte a professzionális testsúlycsökkento módszerek esetében elvárható legalább 5-10%-os fogyást, az evési magatartás pozitív irányban változott, testsúlycéljaik reálisabbak lettek. A fogyás szignifikáns, fordított kapcsolatban volt az aktuális és az álomsúly, az aktuális és a vágyott, valamint az aktuális és az elfogadható testsúly közötti eltéréssel. Következtetés: A kognitív viselkedésterápia széles körben alkalmazható, hatékony testsúlycsökkento módszer, amelynek sikerében fontos szerepet játszanak a reálisan kituzött testsúlycélok. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(28): 1119-1128. INTRODUCTION: Obesity has become one of the most challenging issues, as the excess body-weight is a risk factor for numerous chronic diseases and has serious psychological and social consequences. The cognitive behavioral approach to weight loss had been shown an effective treatment, in which realistic weight target setting is essential, because unrealistic expectations can hinder the effort for a successful long-term weight management. OBJECTIVE: The objective of our prospective study was to investigate as to how weight loss is influenced by realistic and unrealistic weight targets in a cognitive behavioral weight loss program. We hypothesized that the participants come with unrealistic weight loss expectations, which become more realistic by the end of the program and remain realistic for the follow-up. In addition, a positive change was expected in the eating behavior of the participants during the program. METHOD: The program was completed by 63 people, 49 subjects participated in the 1-year follow-up. Anthropometric data were obtained and the participants were asked to fill in the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire - Revised 21 items and the Goals and Relative Weights Questionnaire. RESULTS: According to the results, the program is effective, since nearly 90% of the participants reached at least 5-10% weight loss as expected by professional weight loss methods. Besides weight loss there were positive changes in the participants' eating behavior; weight targets became more realistic. Weight loss was inversely related to the difference between actual and dream, actual and desired as well as between actual and acceptable weight. CONCLUSION: Our results in accordance with previous studies show that cognitive behavioral weight loss programs can be effective; however, setting up realistic weight targets can be crucial in successful weight loss. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(28): 1119-1128.
Assuntos
Programas de Redução de Peso , Cognição , Humanos , Motivação , Estudos Prospectivos , Redução de PesoRESUMO
Polycystic ovary syndrome is the most frequent endocrine disease among women of reproductive age. It is associated with increased risks of various metabolic disorders and complications. most recent data suggest that women suffering from polycystic ovary syndrome are most exposed to several psychological problems. It has been shown that polycystic ovary syndrome exerts a negative impact on female identity and it contributes to the deterioration of quality of life and, eventually, to development of psychiatric problems. The mental consequences of the disease can be as depressing as physiological symptoms. This draws attention on the importance of the disease from the aspect of therapy as well and, therefore, it may be justified to involve a psychologist or psychiatrist in the process for a more effective treatment. The aim of the paper is to summarize the most frequent psychological symptoms associated with the disease.
