17ß-Estradiol induces proliferation of endometrial NK cells (CD56+) in postmenopausal women.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this report was to evaluate the impact of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on lymphocytic infiltration of the endometrium in postmenopausal women. METHOD: This study included 58 Japanese patients who had undergone hysterectomy at the University Hospital of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan. Before surgery, nine patients had received 17ß-estradiol (E2), 0.72 mg transdermally for 2-8 weeks (E2 group); 16 patients had received an Estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,16α, 17ß-triol (E3) vaginal tablet 0.5 mg per month five times (E3 group); and 19 patients had received 17ß-estradiol, 0.62 mg, and norethindrone acetate (P), 2.70 mg for 3-16 weeks (E2 + P group). Fourteen patients received no HRT (control group). We examined uterine tissue specimens immunohistochemically for CD45+, CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD20+, CD56+, and Ki67 antigen-positive cells. RESULTS: The numbers of CD56 + cells were significantly increased in the E2 group compared with all other groups (E2 vs. E3: 7.0 vs. 0.75, p = 0.017; E2 vs. E2 + P: 7.0 vs. 0.58, p = 0.009; E2 vs. CONTROL: 7.0 vs. 0.43, p = 0.010). The numbers of CD3+ cells were significantly increased in the E2 group compared with the control group (149.3 vs. 42.6, p = 0.008). CONCLUSION: 17ß-Estradiol induced the proliferation of endometrial uterine natural killer cells (CD56+) in postmenopausal women.

Management of a primary retroperitoneal mucinous cystadenocarcinoma: case report.

PURPOSE: To review the treatment of primary retroperitoneal mucinous cystadenocarcinoma (PRMC). CASE REPORT: A 30-year-old woman had a large retroperitoneal mucinous adenocarcinoma treated with conservative laparoscopic surgery. Two years later, she was found to have bilateral ovarian cysts at the time of cesarean section. Since cystectomies revealed mucinous adenocarcinoma, she underwent complete surgical staging and adjuvant chemotherapy at this time. CONCLUSION: A rare case of similar cancer in the ovary following treatment for PRMC was described. It is unclear whether the prognosis is improved by oophorectomy. Further cases and long-term follow-up are necessary.